diff --git a/src/main/java/com/backend/allreva/common/config/FcmInitializer.java b/src/main/java/com/backend/allreva/common/config/FcmInitializer.java
index c2cf0285..7b795f1f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/backend/allreva/common/config/FcmInitializer.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/backend/allreva/common/config/FcmInitializer.java
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
 import com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp;
 import com.google.firebase.FirebaseOptions;
-import java.io.FileInputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
 import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
@@ -12,14 +12,18 @@
 public class FcmInitializer {
 
     @PostConstruct
-    public void initizlize() {
-        try (FileInputStream serviceAccount = new FileInputStream("./src/main/resources/firebase/firebase-service-account.json")) {
+    public void initialize() {
+        try (InputStream serviceAccount = getClass().getResourceAsStream("/firebase/firebase-service-account.json")) {
+            if (serviceAccount == null) {
+                throw new IOException("Firebase service account file not found in classpath!");
+            }
             FirebaseOptions options = FirebaseOptions.builder()
                     .setCredentials(GoogleCredentials.fromStream(serviceAccount))
                     .build();
             FirebaseApp.initializeApp(options);
         } catch (IOException e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
+            throw new RuntimeException("Failed to initialize Firebase", e);
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/backend/allreva/firebase/util/FcmTokenUtils.java b/src/main/java/com/backend/allreva/firebase/util/FcmTokenUtils.java
index 9b00cc7e..1aad8669 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/backend/allreva/firebase/util/FcmTokenUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/backend/allreva/firebase/util/FcmTokenUtils.java
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 
 import com.google.auth.oauth2.AccessToken;
 import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
-import java.io.FileInputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.time.Instant;
 import java.util.List;
 import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@@ -18,12 +18,14 @@ public final class FcmTokenUtils {
     private static AccessToken accessToken;
 
     static {
-        try (FileInputStream serviceAccount = new FileInputStream(KEY_PATH)) {
-            googleCredentials = GoogleCredentials
-                    .fromStream(serviceAccount)
+        try (InputStream serviceAccount = FcmTokenUtils.class.getResourceAsStream(KEY_PATH)) {
+            if (serviceAccount == null) {
+                throw new IOException("Google service account JSON file not found in classpath: " + KEY_PATH);
+            }
+            googleCredentials = GoogleCredentials.fromStream(serviceAccount)
                     .createScoped(List.of("https://www.googleapis.com/auth/firebase.messaging"));
         } catch (IOException e) {
-            log.error("GoogleCredentials 초기화 실패: {0}", e);
+            log.error("GoogleCredentials 초기화 실패");
             throw new RuntimeException(e);
         }
     }
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ public static String getAccessToken() {
             log.info("새 엑세스 토큰 발급. 만료 시간: {}", accessToken.getExpirationTime());
             return accessToken.getTokenValue();
         } catch (IOException e) {
-            log.error("엑세스 토큰 발급 실패: {0}", e);
+            log.error("엑세스 토큰 발급 실패");
             throw new RuntimeException(e);
         }
     }