Stdlib: More range functions

[croyzor]

It'd be nice to have the full spectrum of range functions available in python, e.g. range(min, max).
This is tricky because in guppy we don't support function overloading, so range always has one argument.

If we implement default arguments, we could consider range to have the signature:

range(max: int, min: int = 0, step: int = 1)

to do this without overloading.

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It may be easier for guppy to reason about indices that come directly from a range iterator than the alternative, i.e.:

for i in range(3, len(xs)):
    f(xs[i])

vs

for i in range(len(xs)):
    f(xs[i + 3])

but maybe at this point it doesn't make a difference.