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<li><a href="./">数据工程讲义</a></li>

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<li class="chapter" data-level="" data-path="index.html"><a href="index.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i>前言</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="" data-path="index.html"><a href="index.html#致谢"><i class="fa fa-check"></i>致谢</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="" data-path="author.html"><a href="author.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i>作者简介</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="1" data-path="intro.html"><a href="intro.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>1</b> 写在前面</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="1.1" data-path="intro.html"><a href="intro.html#为什么写本书"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>1.1</b> 为什么写本书</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="1.2" data-path="intro.html"><a href="intro.html#如何使用本书"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>1.2</b> 如何使用本书</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2</b> 数据工程：重塑经济学研究的流程</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.1" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#人工智能时代的社会科学研究机遇与挑战"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.1</b> 人工智能时代的社会科学研究：机遇与挑战</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.1.1" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#社会科学的三圈分类"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.1.1</b> 社会科学的三圈分类</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.1.2" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#ai智能发展的三要素"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.1.2</b> AI智能发展的三要素</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.1.3" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#ai对社会科学研究的冲击"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.1.3</b> AI对社会科学研究的冲击</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.1.4" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#ai为社会科学研究创造的机遇"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.1.4</b> AI为社会科学研究创造的机遇</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.2" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#数据工程与数据科学"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.2</b> 数据工程与数据科学</a>
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<li class="chapter" data-level="2.2.1" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#数据工程的灵魂数据流"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.2.1</b> 数据工程的灵魂：数据流</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.2.2" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#数据工程的钥匙数据结构"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.2.2</b> 数据工程的钥匙：数据结构</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.3" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#数据工程的四个指导原则"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.3</b> 数据工程的四个指导原则</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.3.1" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#可复现性原则"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.3.1</b> 可复现性原则</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.3.2" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#模块化与正交分解原则"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.3.2</b> 模块化与正交分解原则</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.3.3" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#最佳工具原则"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.3.3</b> 最佳工具原则</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.3.4" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#一次原则"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.3.4</b> 一次原则</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.4" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#数据工程师的工具箱"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.4</b> 数据工程师的工具箱</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.5" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#版本控制"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.5</b> 版本控制</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.5.1" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#git"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.5.1</b> Git</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.5.2" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#git的三种状态"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.5.2</b> Git的三种状态</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.5.3" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#git仓库"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.5.3</b> Git仓库</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.5.4" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#git命令实践"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.5.4</b> Git命令实践</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.5.5" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#git的连接思路"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.5.5</b> git的连接思路</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2.5.6" data-path="flow.html"><a href="flow.html#其他学习资料"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2.5.6</b> 其他学习资料</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3" data-path="basic.html"><a href="basic.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3</b> R编程基础</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.1" data-path="basic.html"><a href="basic.html#r语言简介"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.1</b> R语言简介</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.1.1" data-path="basic.html"><a href="basic.html#r语言是"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.1.1</b> R语言是</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.2" data-path="basic.html"><a href="basic.html#r与rtudio的安装"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.2</b> R与Rtudio的安装</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.3" data-path="basic.html"><a href="basic.html#r对文件和路径的相关操作"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.3</b> R对文件和路径的相关操作</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.3.1" data-path="basic.html"><a href="basic.html#路径操作"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.3.1</b> 路径操作</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.3.2" data-path="basic.html"><a href="basic.html#文件操作"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.3.2</b> 文件操作</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.3.3" data-path="basic.html"><a href="basic.html#特殊路径"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.3.3</b> 特殊路径</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.4" data-path="basic.html"><a href="basic.html#代码风格"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.4</b> 代码风格</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.5" data-path="basic.html"><a href="basic.html#函数模块化"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.5</b> 函数模块化</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4" data-path="rw.html"><a href="rw.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4</b> 数据读写</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.1" data-path="rw.html"><a href="rw.html#数据文件类型"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.1</b> 数据文件类型</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.1.1" data-path="rw.html"><a href="rw.html#hdf5"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.1.1</b> HDF5</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5" data-path="md.html"><a href="md.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5</b> 文学式编程</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.1" data-path="md.html"><a href="md.html#什么是文学式编程"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.1</b> 什么是文学式编程</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.2" data-path="md.html"><a href="md.html#文学式编程的应用"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.2</b> 文学式编程的应用</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6" data-path="manipulate.html"><a href="manipulate.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6</b> 数据操纵</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.1" data-path="manipulate.html"><a href="manipulate.html#整洁数据tidydata"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.1</b> 整洁数据tidydata</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.1.1" data-path="manipulate.html"><a href="manipulate.html#分析单位unit-of-analysis"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.1.1</b> 分析单位(unit of analysis)</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.2" data-path="manipulate.html"><a href="manipulate.html#整齐数据"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.2</b> 整齐数据</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.2.1" data-path="manipulate.html"><a href="manipulate.html#整齐数据的缘起"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.2.1</b> 整齐数据的缘起</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.2.2" data-path="manipulate.html"><a href="manipulate.html#整齐数据的定义"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.2.2</b> 整齐数据的定义</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.2.3" data-path="manipulate.html"><a href="manipulate.html#数据的凌乱点"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.2.3</b> 数据的凌乱点</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.3" data-path="manipulate.html"><a href="manipulate.html#数据操纵案例"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.3</b> 数据操纵案例</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7" data-path="visu.html"><a href="visu.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7</b> 数据可视化</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.1" data-path="visu.html"><a href="visu.html#从一个可以画恐龙的包说起"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.1</b> 从一个可以画恐龙的包说起</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.2" data-path="visu.html"><a href="visu.html#调色板"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.2</b> 调色板</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8</b> 回归</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.1" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#一般线性回归"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.1</b> 一般线性回归</a>
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<li class="chapter" data-level="8.1.1" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#基础模型"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.1.1</b> 基础模型</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.1.2" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#稳健性标准误"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.1.2</b> 稳健性标准误</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.2" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#因果推断的反事实框架"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.2</b> 因果推断的反事实框架</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.2.1" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#定义因果关系"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.2.1</b> 定义因果关系</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.2.2" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#cef三定理"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.2.2</b> CEF三定理</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.2.3" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#交互项还是分组回归"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.2.3</b> 交互项还是分组回归</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.3" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#匹配"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.3</b> 匹配</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.3.1" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#原理"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.3.1</b> 原理</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.3.2" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#案例"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.3.2</b> 案例</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.4" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#工具变量"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.4</b> 工具变量</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.4.1" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#原理-1"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.4.1</b> 原理</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.4.2" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#案例-1"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.4.2</b> 案例</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.5" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#双重差分"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.5</b> 双重差分</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.5.1" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#原理-2"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.5.1</b> 原理</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.5.2" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#案例-2"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.5.2</b> 案例</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.6" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#断点回归"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.6</b> 断点回归</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.6.1" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#原理-3"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.6.1</b> 原理</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.6.2" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#案例-3"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.6.2</b> 案例</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.6.3" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#其他乱七八糟的方法"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.6.3</b> 其他乱七八糟的方法</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.7" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#formula-公式对象"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.7</b> formula (公式)对象</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.7.1" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#公式的生成"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.7.1</b> 公式的生成</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.7.2" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#生成公式的运算符"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.7.2</b> 生成公式的运算符</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.7.3" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#公式与字符串之间的转换"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.7.3</b> 公式与字符串之间的转换</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.8" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#表达式expression"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.8</b> 表达式expression</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.9" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#表达式的生成与执行"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.9</b> 表达式的生成与执行</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.10" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#表达式与字符串的转换"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.10</b> 表达式与字符串的转换</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.11" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#使用stargazer输出表格"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.11</b> 使用stargazer输出表格</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.11.1" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#标准回归表"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.11.1</b> 标准回归表</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.11.2" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#默认格式"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.11.2</b> 默认格式</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.11.3" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#表格表头"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.11.3</b> 表格表头</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.11.4" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#表格正文"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.11.4</b> 表格正文</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.11.5" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#添加变量信息"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.11.5</b> 添加变量信息</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.11.6" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#选择统计量"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.11.6</b> 选择统计量</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.11.7" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#表格注释"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.11.7</b> 表格注释</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.11.8" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#整体布局"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.11.8</b> 整体布局</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.11.9" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#其他"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.11.9</b> 其他</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.11.10" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#描述性统计表"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.11.10</b> 描述性统计表</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.12" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#回归结果的可视化"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.12</b> 回归结果的可视化</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.12.1" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#使用ggcoefstats可视化回归结果"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.12.1</b> 使用ggcoefstats可视化回归结果</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.12.2" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#使用"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.12.2</b> 使用</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.12.3" data-path="reg.html"><a href="reg.html#双重差分模型的可视化"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.12.3</b> 双重差分模型的可视化</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="9" data-path="cml.html"><a href="cml.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>9</b> 命令行</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="9.1" data-path="cml.html"><a href="cml.html#命令的基本概念"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>9.1</b> 命令的基本概念</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="9.2" data-path="cml.html"><a href="cml.html#通配符"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>9.2</b> 通配符</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="9.3" data-path="cml.html"><a href="cml.html#正则表达式"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>9.3</b> 正则表达式</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="9.4" data-path="cml.html"><a href="cml.html#r的命令行选项"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>9.4</b> R的命令行选项</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="9.4.1" data-path="cml.html"><a href="cml.html#linuxunix-shebang"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>9.4.1</b> Linux/Unix Shebang</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="9.4.2" data-path="cml.html"><a href="cml.html#argparse包实例"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>9.4.2</b> argparse包实例</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10</b> 网络数据采集</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.1" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#网络数据格式"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.1</b> 网络数据格式</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.1.1" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#csv"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.1.1</b> CSV</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.1.2" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#xml"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.1.2</b> XML</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.1.3" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#json"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.1.3</b> JSON</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.2" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.2</b> HTML</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.2.1" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#html的基本语法"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.2.1</b> HTML的基本语法</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.2.2" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#常见html标签"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.2.2</b> 常见HTML标签</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.2.3" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#dom树形数据结构"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.2.3</b> DOM树形数据结构</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.3" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#css"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.3</b> CSS</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.3.1" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#css的基本语法"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.3.1</b> CSS的基本语法</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.3.2" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#id选择器"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.3.2</b> id选择器</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.3.3" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#类选择器"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.3.3</b> 类选择器</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.4" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#javascript"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.4</b> JavaScript</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.4.1" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#javascript案例"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.4.1</b> JavaScript案例</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.4.2" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#javascript的基本语法"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.4.2</b> JavaScript的基本语法</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.4.3" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#ajax"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.4.3</b> AJAX</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.5" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#开发者工具"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.5</b> 开发者工具</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.5.1" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#打开开发者工具"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.5.1</b> 打开开发者工具</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.5.2" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#查看器与样式"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.5.2</b> 查看器与样式</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.5.3" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#其他功能"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.5.3</b> 其他功能</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.6" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#xpath"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.6</b> Xpath</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.6.1" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#基本查询"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.6.1</b> 基本查询</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.7" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#http"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.7</b> HTTP</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.7.1" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#http常见方法"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.7.1</b> HTTP常见方法</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.8" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#静态爬虫"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.8</b> 静态爬虫</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.9" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#使用rselenium的动态爬虫"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.9</b> 使用RSelenium的动态爬虫</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.9.1" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#rselenium简介与安装"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.9.1</b> RSelenium简介与安装</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.9.2" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#安装docker"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.9.2</b> 安装Docker</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.9.3" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#rselenum语法"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.9.3</b> RSelenum语法</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.9.4" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#案例1在链家搜索并获取相关信息"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.9.4</b> 案例1:在链家搜索并获取相关信息</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.9.5" data-path="web.html"><a href="web.html#案例2登录豆瓣"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.9.5</b> 案例2:登录豆瓣</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11" data-path="geo.html"><a href="geo.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11</b> 地理计算</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.1" data-path="geo.html"><a href="geo.html#r中地理计算"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.1</b> R中地理计算</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.2" data-path="geo.html"><a href="geo.html#地理数据结构"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.2</b> 地理数据结构</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.2.1" data-path="geo.html"><a href="geo.html#向量vector"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.2.1</b> 向量（Vector）</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.2.2" data-path="geo.html"><a href="geo.html#栅格raster"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.2.2</b> 栅格（Raster）</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.2.3" data-path="geo.html"><a href="geo.html#坐标系coordinate-reference-system"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.2.3</b> 坐标系（coordinate reference system）</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.3" data-path="geo.html"><a href="geo.html#地理数据操纵"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.3</b> 地理数据操纵</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.4" data-path="geo.html"><a href="geo.html#地理数据可视化"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.4</b> 地理数据可视化</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.5" data-path="geo.html"><a href="geo.html#地理数据运算"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.5</b> 地理数据运算</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.5.1" data-path="geo.html"><a href="geo.html#取子集"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.5.1</b> 取子集</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.6" data-path="geo.html"><a href="geo.html#地理数据读写"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.6</b> 地理数据读写</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.7" data-path="geo.html"><a href="geo.html#地理数据计算"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.7</b> 地理数据计算</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="12" data-path="make.html"><a href="make.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12</b> GUN Make的数据生产线</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="12.1" data-path="make.html"><a href="make.html#使用make的必要性"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.1</b> 使用Make的必要性</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="12.2" data-path="make.html"><a href="make.html#数据流水线的构造目标"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.2</b> 数据流水线的构造目标</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="12.3" data-path="make.html"><a href="make.html#make安装"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.3</b> Make安装</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="12.4" data-path="make.html"><a href="make.html#快速上手make"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.4</b> 快速上手make</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="12.5" data-path="make.html"><a href="make.html#make的工作方式"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.5</b> make的工作方式</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="12.6" data-path="make.html"><a href="make.html#makefile-的高级写法"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.6</b> Makefile 的高级写法</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="12.6.1" data-path="make.html"><a href="make.html#特殊目标"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.6.1</b> 特殊目标</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="12.6.2" data-path="make.html"><a href="make.html#使用变量"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.6.2</b> 使用变量</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="12.6.3" data-path="make.html"><a href="make.html#分支与循环结构"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.6.3</b> 分支与循环结构</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="12.6.4" data-path="make.html"><a href="make.html#函数"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.6.4</b> 函数</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="12.7" data-path="make.html"><a href="make.html#make的高级语法"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.7</b> Make的高级语法</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="12.7.1" data-path="make.html"><a href="make.html#并行计算"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.7.1</b> 并行计算</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="12.8" data-path="make.html"><a href="make.html#参考资料"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12.8</b> 参考资料</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="appendix"><span><b>附录</b></span></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="A" data-path="sound.html"><a href="sound.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>A</b> 余音绕梁</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="" data-path="references.html"><a href="references.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i>参考文献</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="B" data-path="date.html"><a href="date.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>B</b> R日期时间</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="B.1" data-path="date.html"><a href="date.html#日期-时间数据类型"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>B.1</b> 日期-时间数据类型</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="B.2" data-path="date.html"><a href="date.html#lubridate包"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>B.2</b> lubridate包</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="B.2.1" data-path="date.html"><a href="date.html#定义日期-时间变量"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>B.2.1</b> 定义日期-时间变量</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="B.3" data-path="date.html"><a href="date.html#从日期-时间中取出元素"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>B.3</b> 从日期-时间中取出元素</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="B.4" data-path="date.html"><a href="date.html#日期-时间取整"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>B.4</b> 日期-时间取整</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="B.5" data-path="date.html"><a href="date.html#日期-时间的数学运算"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>B.5</b> 日期-时间的数学运算</a>
<ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="B.5.1" data-path="date.html"><a href="date.html#时间长度"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>B.5.1</b> 时间长度</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="B.5.2" data-path="date.html"><a href="date.html#时间周期"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>B.5.2</b> 时间周期</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="B.5.3" data-path="date.html"><a href="date.html#时间区间"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>B.5.3</b> 时间区间</a></li>
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