I found that there is a UniProt BLAST endpoint, but if you paste in a sequence, it also can give you exact matches
Example request
https://rest.uniprot.org/uniparc/search?fields=accession&query=%28checksum%3AF6916C76DD8BC97E8B7E846A37DECA0E%29&size=1
This checksum is md5, and returns a list of uniprot ID that exactly match the sequence in question. Additional follow up queries could be used to get more info about the uniprot IDs in question e.g. the species of origin