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move NEWS to HISTORY (#57256)
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‎HISTORY.md

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Julia v1.12 Release Notes
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========================
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New language features
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---------------------
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* New option `--trim` creates smaller binaries by removing code that was not proven to be reachable from
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entry points. Entry points can be marked using `Base.Experimental.entrypoint` ([#55047]).
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* A new keyword argument `usings::Bool` has been added to `names`, returning all names visible
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via `using` ([#54609]).
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* The `@atomic` macro family now supports reference assignment syntax, e.g. `@atomic :monotonic v[3] += 4`,
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which modifies `v[3]` atomically with monotonic ordering semantics ([#54707]).
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The supported syntax allows
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* atomic fetch (`x = @atomic v[3]`),
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* atomic set (`@atomic v[3] = 4`),
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* atomic modify (`@atomic v[3] += 2`),
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* atomic set once (`@atomiconce v[3] = 2`),
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* atomic swap (`x = @atomicswap v[3] = 2`), and
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* atomic replace (`x = @atomicreplace v[3] 2=>5`).
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* New option `--task-metrics=yes` to enable the collection of per-task timing information,
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which can also be enabled/disabled at runtime with `Base.Experimental.task_metrics(::Bool)` ([#56320]).
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The available metrics are:
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* actual running time for the task (`Base.Experimental.task_running_time_ns`), and
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* wall-time for the task (`Base.Experimental.task_wall_time_ns`).
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* Support for Unicode 16 ([#56925]).
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* `Threads.@spawn` now takes a `:samepool` argument to specify the same threadpool as the caller.
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`Threads.@spawn :samepool foo()` which is shorthand for `Threads.@spawn Threads.threadpool() foo()` ([#57109]).
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Language changes
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----------------
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* Julia now defaults to 1 "interactive" thread, in addition to the 1 default "worker" thread. i.e. `-t1,1`.
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This means in default configuration the main task and repl (when in interactive mode), which both run on
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thread 1, now run within the `interactive` threadpool. The libuv IO loop also runs on thread 1,
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helping efficient utilization of the worker threadpool used by `Threads.@spawn`. Pass `0` to disable the
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interactive thread i.e. `-t1,0` or `JULIA_NUM_THREADS=1,0`, or `-tauto,0` etc. The zero is explicitly
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required to disable it, `-t2` will set the equivalent of `-t2,1` ([#57087]).
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* When a method is replaced with an exactly equivalent one, the old method is not deleted. Instead, the
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new method takes priority and becomes more specific than the old method. Thus if the new method is deleted
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later, the old method will resume operating. This can be useful in mocking frameworks (as in SparseArrays,
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Pluto, and Mocking, among others), as they do not need to explicitly restore the old method.
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At this time, inference and compilation must be repeated in this situation, but we may eventually be
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able to re-use the old results ([#53415]).
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* Macro expansion will no longer eagerly recurse into `Expr(:toplevel)` expressions returned from macros.
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Instead, macro expansion of `:toplevel` expressions will be delayed until evaluation time. This allows a
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later expression within a given `:toplevel` expression to make use of macros defined earlier in the same
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`:toplevel` expression ([#53515]).
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* Trivial infinite loops (like `while true; end`) are no longer undefined behavior. Infinite loops that
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do things (e.g. have side effects or sleep) were never and are still not undefined behavior ([#52999]).
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* It is now an error to mark a binding as both `public` and `export`ed ([#53664]).
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* Errors during `getfield` now raise a new `FieldError` exception type instead of the generic
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`ErrorException` ([#54504]).
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Compiler/Runtime improvements
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-----------------------------
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* Generated LLVM IR now uses pointer types instead of passing pointers as integers.
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This affects `llvmcall`: Inline LLVM IR should be updated to use `i8*` or `ptr` instead of
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`i32` or `i64`, and remove unneeded `ptrtoint`/`inttoptr` conversions. For compatibility,
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IR with integer pointers is still supported, but generates a deprecation warning ([#53687]).
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Command-line option changes
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---------------------------
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* The `-m/--module` flag can be passed to run the `main` function inside a package with a set of arguments.
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This `main` function should be declared using `@main` to indicate that it is an entry point ([#52103]).
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* Enabling or disabling color text in Julia can now be controlled with the
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[`NO_COLOR`](https://no-color.org/) or [`FORCE_COLOR`](https://force-color.org/) environment
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variables. These variables are also honored by Julia's build system ([#53742], [#56346]).
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* `--project=@temp` starts Julia with a temporary environment ([#51149]).
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* New `--trace-compile-timing` option to report how long each method reported by `--trace-compile` took
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to compile, in ms ([#54662]).
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* `--trace-compile` now prints recompiled methods in yellow or with a trailing comment if color is not
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supported ([#55763]).
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* New `--trace-dispatch` option to report methods that are dynamically dispatched ([#55848]).
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Multi-threading changes
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-----------------------
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* New types are defined to handle the pattern of code that must run once per process, called
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a `OncePerProcess{T}` type, which allows defining a function that should be run exactly once
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the first time it is called, and then always return the same result value of type `T`
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every subsequent time afterwards. There are also `OncePerThread{T}` and `OncePerTask{T}` types for
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similar usage with threads or tasks ([#55793]).
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Build system changes
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--------------------
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* There are new `Makefile`s to build Julia and LLVM using the Binary Optimization and Layout Tool (BOLT).
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See `contrib/bolt` and `contrib/pgo-lto-bolt` ([#54107]).
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New library functions
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---------------------
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* `logrange(start, stop; length)` makes a range of constant ratio, instead of constant step ([#39071]).
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* The new `isfull(c::Channel)` function can be used to check if `put!(c, some_value)` will block ([#53159]).
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* `waitany(tasks; throw=false)` and `waitall(tasks; failfast=false, throw=false)` which wait for multiple tasks
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at once ([#53341]).
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* `uuid7()` creates an RFC 9652 compliant UUID with version 7 ([#54834]).
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* `insertdims(array; dims)` inserts singleton dimensions into an array --- the inverse operation of
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`dropdims` ([#45793]).
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* A new `Fix` type generalizes `Fix1/Fix2` for fixing a single argument ([#54653]).
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* `Sys.detectwsl()` tests whether Julia is running inside WSL at runtime ([#57069]).
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New library features
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--------------------
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* `escape_string` takes additional keyword arguments `ascii=true` (to escape all non-ASCII characters) and
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`fullhex=true` (to require full 4/8-digit hex numbers for u/U escapes, e.g. for C compatibility) ([#55099]).
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* `tempname` can now take a suffix string to allow the file name to include a suffix and include that suffix in
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the uniquing checking ([#53474]).
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* `RegexMatch` objects can now be used to construct `NamedTuple`s and `Dict`s ([#50988]).
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* `Lockable` is now exported ([#54595]).
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* `Base.require_one_based_indexing` and `Base.has_offset_axes` are now public ([#56196]).
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* New `ltruncate`, `rtruncate` and `ctruncate` functions for truncating strings to text width, accounting for
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char widths ([#55351]).
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* `isless` (and thus `cmp`, sorting, etc.) is now supported for zero-dimensional `AbstractArray`s ([#55772]).
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* `invoke` now supports passing a `Method` instead of a type signature ([#56692]).
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* `invoke` now supports passing a `CodeInstance` instead of a type, which can enable certain compiler plugin
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workflows ([#56660]).
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* `Timer(f, ...)` will now match the stickiness of the parent task when creating timer tasks, which can be
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overridden by the new `spawn` keyword argument. This avoids the issue where sticky tasks (i.e. `@async`)
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make their parent sticky ([#56745]).
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* `Timer` now has readable `timeout` and `interval` properties, and a more descriptive `show` method ([#57081]).
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* `sort` now supports `NTuple`s ([#54494]).
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* `map!(f, A)` now stores the results in `A`, like `map!(f, A, A)` or `A .= f.(A)` ([#40632]).
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Standard library changes
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------------------------
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* `gcdx(0, 0)` now returns `(0, 0, 0)` instead of `(0, 1, 0)` ([#40989]).
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* `fd` returns a `RawFD` instead of an `Int` ([#55080]).
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#### JuliaSyntaxHighlighting
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* A new standard library for applying syntax highlighting to Julia code, this uses `JuliaSyntax` and
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`StyledStrings` to implement a `highlight` function that creates an `AnnotatedString` with syntax highlighting
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applied ([#51810]).
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#### LinearAlgebra
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* `rank` can now take a `QRPivoted` matrix to allow rank estimation via QR factorization ([#54283]).
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* Added keyword argument `alg` to `eigen`, `eigen!`, `eigvals` and `eigvals!` for self-adjoint matrix types
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(i.e., the type union `RealHermSymComplexHerm`) that allows one to switch between different eigendecomposition
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algorithms ([#49355]).
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* Added a generic version of the (unblocked) pivoted Cholesky decomposition (callable via
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`cholesky[!](A, RowMaximum())`) ([#54619]).
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* The number of default BLAS threads now respects process affinity, instead of using the total number of logical
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threads available on the system ([#55574]).
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* A new function `zeroslike` is added that generates the zero elements for matrix-valued banded matrices.
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Custom array types may specialize this function to return an appropriate result ([#55252]).
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* The matrix multiplication `A * B` calls `matprod_dest(A, B, T::Type)` to generate the destination.
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This function is now public ([#55537]).
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* The function `haszero(T::Type)` is used to check if a type `T` has a unique zero element defined as `zero(T)`.
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This is now public ([#56223]).
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* A new function `diagview` is added that returns a view into a specific band of an `AbstractMatrix` ([#56175]).
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#### Profile
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* `Profile.take_heap_snapshot` takes a new keyword argument, `redact_data::Bool`, which is `true` by default.
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When set, the contents of Julia objects are not emitted in the heap snapshot. This currently only applies to
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strings ([#55326]).
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* `Profile.print()` now colors Base/Core/Package modules similarly to how they are in stacktraces.
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Also paths, even if truncated, are now clickable in terminals that support URI links
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to take you to the specified `JULIA_EDITOR` for the given file & line number ([#55335]).
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#### REPL
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* Using the new `usings=true` feature of the `names()` function, REPL completions can now
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complete names visible via `using` ([#54610]).
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* REPL completions can now complete input lines like `[import|using] Mod: xxx|` e.g.
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complete `using Base.Experimental: @op` to `using Base.Experimental: @opaque` ([#54719]).
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* The REPL will now warn if it detects a name is being accessed via a module which does not define it (nor has
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a submodule which defines it), and for which the name is not public in that module. For example, `map` is
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defined in Base, and executing `LinearAlgebra.map` in the REPL will now issue a warning the first time it
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occurs ([#54872]).
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* When the result of a REPL input is printed, the output is now truncated to 20 KiB.
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This does not affect manual calls to `show`, `print`, etc. ([#53959]).
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* Backslash completions now print the respective glyph or emoji next to each matching backslash shortcode ([#54800]).
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#### Test
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* A failing `DefaultTestSet` now prints to screen the random number generator (RNG) of the failed test, to help
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reproducing a stochastic failure which only depends on the state of the RNG.
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It is also possible seed a test set by passing the `rng` keyword argument to `@testset`:
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```julia
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using Test, Random
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@testset rng=Xoshiro(0x2e026445595ed28e, 0x07bb81ac4c54926d, 0x83d7d70843e8bad6, 0xdbef927d150af80b, 0xdbf91ddf2534f850) begin
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@test rand() == 0.559472630416976
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end
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```
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#### InteractiveUtils
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* New macros `@trace_compile` and `@trace_dispatch` for running an expression with
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`--trace-compile=stderr --trace-compile-timing` and `--trace-dispatch=stderr` respectively enabled ([#55915]).
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External dependencies
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---------------------
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* The terminal info database, `terminfo`, is now vendored by default, providing a better
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REPL user experience when `terminfo` is not available on the system. Julia can be built
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without vendoring the database using the Makefile option `WITH_TERMINFO=0` ([#55411]).
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Tooling Improvements
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--------------------
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* A wall-time profiler is now available for users who need a sampling profiler that captures tasks regardless
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of their scheduling or running state. This type of profiler enables profiling of I/O-heavy tasks and helps
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detect areas of heavy contention in the system ([#55889]).
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<!--- generated by NEWS-update.jl: -->
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[#39071]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/39071
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[#40632]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/40632
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[#40989]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/40989
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[#45793]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/45793
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[#49355]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/49355
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[#50988]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/50988
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[#51149]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/51149
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[#51810]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/51810
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[#52103]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/52103
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[#52999]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/52999
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[#53159]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/53159
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[#53341]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/53341
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[#53415]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/53415
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[#53474]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/53474
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[#53515]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/53515
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[#53664]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/53664
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[#53687]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/53687
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[#53742]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/53742
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[#53959]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/53959
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[#54107]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/54107
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[#54283]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/54283
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[#54494]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/54494
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[#54504]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/54504
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[#54595]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/54595
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[#54609]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/54609
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[#54610]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/54610
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[#54619]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/54619
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[#54653]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/54653
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[#54662]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/54662
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[#54707]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/54707
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[#54719]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/54719
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[#54800]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/54800
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[#54834]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/54834
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[#54872]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/54872
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[#55047]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/55047
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[#55080]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/55080
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[#55099]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/55099
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[#55252]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/55252
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[#55326]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/55326
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[#55335]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/55335
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[#55351]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/55351
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[#55411]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/55411
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[#55537]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/55537
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[#55574]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/55574
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[#55763]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/55763
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[#55772]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/55772
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[#55793]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/55793
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[#55848]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/55848
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[#55889]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/55889
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[#55915]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/55915
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[#56175]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/56175
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[#56196]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/56196
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[#56223]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/56223
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[#56320]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/56320
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[#56346]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/56346
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[#56660]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/56660
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[#56692]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/56692
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[#56745]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/56745
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[#56925]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/56925
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[#57069]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/57069
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[#57081]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/57081
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[#57087]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/57087
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[#57109]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/57109
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Julia v1.11 Release Notes
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========================
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