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using-the-carchive-output-and-input-operators.md

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description title ms.date helpviewer_keywords ms.assetid
Learn more about: Using the CArchive << and >> Operators
Using the CArchive << and >> Operators
11/04/2016
objects [MFC], loading from previously stored values
CArchive class [MFC], storing and loading objects
CArchive class [MFC], operators
56aef326-02dc-4992-8282-f0a4b78a064e

Using the CArchive << and >> Operators

CArchive provides << and >> operators for writing and reading simple data types as well as CObjects to and from a file.

To store an object in a file via an archive

  1. The following example shows how to store an object in a file via an archive:

    [!code-cppNVC_MFCSerialization#7]

To load an object from a value previously stored in a file

  1. The following example shows how to load an object from a value previously stored in a file:

    [!code-cppNVC_MFCSerialization#8]

Usually, you store and load data to and from a file via an archive in the Serialize functions of CObject-derived classes, which you must have declared with the DECLARE_SERIALIZE macro. A reference to a CArchive object is passed to your Serialize function. You call the IsLoading function of the CArchive object to determine whether the Serialize function has been called to load data from the file or store data to the file.

The Serialize function of a serializable CObject-derived class typically has the following form:

[!code-cppNVC_MFCSerialization#9]

The above code template is exactly the same as the one AppWizard creates for the Serialize function of the document (a class derived from CDocument). This code template helps you write code that is easier to review, because the storing code and the loading code should always be parallel, as in the following example:

[!code-cppNVC_MFCSerialization#10]

The library defines << and >> operators for CArchive as the first operand and the following data types and class types as the second operand:

:::row::: :::column span=""::: BYTE
CObject*
COleCurrency
COleDateTime
COleDateTimeSpan :::column-end::: :::column span=""::: COleVariant
CString
CTime and CTimeSpan
Double :::column-end::: :::column span=""::: DWORD
Float
Int
LONG :::column-end::: :::column span=""::: POINT and CPoint
RECT and CRect
SIZE and CSize
WORD :::column-end::: :::row-end:::

Note

Storing and loading CObjects via an archive requires extra consideration. For more information, see Storing and Loading CObjects via an Archive.

The CArchive << and >> operators always return a reference to the CArchive object, which is the first operand. This enables you to chain the operators, as illustrated below:

[!code-cppNVC_MFCSerialization#11]

See also

Serialization: Serializing an Object