20.1_File Input_Output basics.py

'''
1. Python File IO Basics -

    a) File handling in any of the programming languages is one of the most important tasks.
    b) Unlike C or C++, file handling in python is relatively easy and simple. 
    c) There are two types of files that we normally encounter in our computer daily - 
        1. Text file.
        2. Binary file.
    d) The extension for text file is .txt and all other types / forms of files are mostly binary files. Even the common files such as Word, Excel, PDF's etc are binary file because a special software is required for accessing such types of files.



2. Modes of opening files in python. - (r, a, w, b, t, x, +)

    r : r mode opens a file for read-only. We do not have permission to update or change any data in this mode.
    
    w : w mode does not concern itself with what is present in the file. It just opens a file for writing and if there is already some data present in the file, it overwrites it.

    x : x is used to create a new file. It does not work for an already existing file, as in such cases the operation fails.
    
    a : a stands for append, which means to add something to the end of the file. It does exactly the same. It just adds the data we like in write(w) mode but instead of overwriting it just adds it to the end of the file. It also does not have the permission of reading the file.
    
    t : t mode is used to open our file in text mode and only proper text files can be opened by it. It deals with the file data as a string.

    b : b stands for binary and this mode can only open the binary files, that are read in bytes. The binary files include images, documents, or all other files that require specific software to be read.
    
    + : In plus mode, we can read and write a file simultaneously. The mode is mostly used in cases where we want to update our file.


NOTE :-

    Deleting a file -

        To delete a file, we must import the python OS module, and run it's - 'os.remove()' function.

        eg :- 

        import os
        os.remove("Testfile.txt")


'''