Initial Commit

Author: SaurabhSSB

ABC.txt

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+This is a text file. 
+This happens to be the place which i am going to use for the file operation in python.
+

ABCD.txt

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+one
+two
+three

Afunc.py

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+def Multiplication(a, b, c):
+    print("a= ", a, "b= ", b, "c= ", c)
+    print("Product is ", a*b*c)
+
+if __name__=="__main__":
+    Multiplication(2,3,4)
+
+print("This is:- ",__name__)

Basics/01. Getting familiar with python.py

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+# Input
+a= input("Enter the value:- ")# Don't forget to give input each time this code is executed 
+b= int(input("Only Integer else there will be an error:- "))
+c= float(input("Only Float else there will be an error:- "))
+
+# Output
+print(a)
+print(b+ c)
+print(5+2)
+print("Python")
+print(7,8.12,"Python ", sep= "-", end= "$")
+
+# Multiple Output
+print(a,7,8,6+5)
+
+# Comments - lines that will not be executed
+
+# Single- Line Comment
+
+''' 
+Multi- Line Comments used to comment multiple line,
+instead of using # each time. 
+'''
+"""
+We can also use Double- Quoted- 
+Three- inverted- commas
+"""
+
+# Escape Sequence Character- For functions that normally cannot be used in strings
+
+print("This is for escape sequence\t \" We can use\" symbol too\n Escape Sequence")

Basics/02. Variables and Data Types.py

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+# Variables are like Containers that hold data
+# Variables can be updated i.e. they are dynamic not static
+
+a1=1
+B1=2
+_c1=3
+# not 1c_=4
+print( a1, B1, _c1)
+print( "This is type of a1", type( a1))
+
+# Data type specifies the type of value a variable holds.
+
+'''
+5 types of data types
+1. Numeric:- int, float, complex
+2. String
+3. Boolean:- True, False
+4. Sequenced:- list- [], tuple- ()-> list is mutable( can be modified) and tuple is immutable( cannot be modified)
+5. Mapped:- dictionary
+'''
+print("Numeric Data Type= ",3," ",7.83," ",6+2j)
+print("String Data Type= ","This is Python String",'And we are learning Programming')
+print("Boolean Data Type= ",True)
+print("Sequenced Data Type= ",[12,15,16,18]," ",(11,14,17,19))
+print("Dictionary= ", {"name": "Rohan", "age": 25, "Student": True, "Stream": "MBA"})
+
+# Explicit typecasting- Done by user 
+string = "15"
+number = 7
+string_number = int(string) # throws an error if the string is not a valid integer
+sum= number + string_number
+print("The Sum of both the numbers is: ", sum)
+
+# Implicit type casting- Done by Python automatically
+
+# Python converts a to int
+a = 7
+print(type(a))
+
+# Python converts b to float
+b = 3.0
+print(type(b))
+
+# Python converts c to float 
+c = a + b
+print(c)
+print(type(c))
+
+# Global and Local Variables
+# Variables that are defined inside a function body have a local scope, and those defined outside have a global scope
+
+a = 1
+def x1():
+	print('Inside x1() : ', a)
+def x2():
+	a = 2
+	print('Inside x2() : ', a)# Here a= 2 using local a
+def x3():
+	global a
+	a = 3
+	print('Inside x3() : ', a) # Here a= 3 using global a 'cos we have written global a first 
+print('global : ', a)
+x1()
+print('global : ', a)
+x2()
+print('global : ', a)
+x3()
+print('global : ', a) # value of a has changed in function x3
+

Basics/03. Operators.py

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+# Operators:- signs or keywords used to perform specific operation on multiple values or variables.
+# Types of Operators:-
+# Arithmetic Operators- +, -, *, /, **, //, %
+# Comparison Operators- <, >, <=. >=, ==, !=
+# Assignment Operators- =, +=, -=, *=, %=
+# Logical Operators- AND, OR, NOT
+# Bitwise Operators- &, |, <<, >>, -, ^
+
+# Arithmetic Operators
+a=3
+b=4
+c=6
+print(a+b, " ", a-b, " ", a*b, " ", c/b, " ", b**a, " ", c//b, " ", c%b)
+
+x= "Lord "
+y= "Voldemort "
+
+# Concatenation of Strings
+z= x+y 
+print(z)
+
+# Replication of String
+print(z*a) 
+
+# Comparison Operators
+
+print(a>b, " ", a<b, " ", a==b, " ", a!=b, " ", a>=b, " ", a<=b)
+
+# 'is' vs '=='
+
+a, b=  3, 3 # Constant Immutable
+x, y = [1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]
+print( a==b, " ", a is b)
+print( x==y, " ", x is y)
+
+# Assignment Operators
+
+d= 16
+print(d)
+a+= 3
+print( a)
+b-= 2
+print( b)
+c*= 2
+print( c)
+c%= 5
+print( c)
+a/=2
+print( a)
+
+# Logical Operators
+
+if( a>1 and b==2):
+    print(" And is working")
+
+if( a>1 or b<2):
+    print(" If is working")
+
+if (not( a<1 and b>2)):
+    print(" Not is working")
+
+# Bitwise Operators
+
+x = 5  # Binary: 0101
+y = 3  # Binary: 0011
+result = x & y  # Binary: 0001
+print(result)  
+x = 5  # Binary: 0101
+y = 3  # Binary: 0011
+result = x | y  # Binary: 0111
+print(result)  
+x = 5  # Binary: 0101
+y = 3  # Binary: 0011
+result = x ^ y  # Binary: 0110
+print(result) 
+x = 5  # Binary: 0101
+result = ~x  # 2's complement
+print(result)  
+x = 5  # Binary: 0101
+result = x << 2 
+print(result) 
+x = 5  # Binary: 0101
+result = x >> 2  # Binary: 0001
+print(result)

Basics/04. Strings.py

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+# Anything that is between single or double quotation marks is string. 
+# It is basically a collection of Characters. Strings are Immutable.
+
+name = "Batman" # Batman is string
+print("Hello "+name) # Hellow is string
+b= "mohan's life is pretty lavish!!!"
+d="PETROL136"
+e=" Ranger "
+print(b)
+
+# Multi-line String 
+
+a= """
+An Apple a day keeps the doctor away 
+But what if i am the doctor and 
+i eat an Apple everyday,
+Will i be seperated from myself?
+Sounds interesting!
+"""
+print(a)
+
+# length of String
+
+x= len(a)
+print('length of a is:- ',x)
+
+# Accessing Specific Characters of String
+
+print(name[3])
+
+# Slicing
+print(a[22:25])
+print(a[:5])
+print(a[-8:])
+print(a[-14:148])
+print(a.upper())
+print(a.lower())
+print(a.replace("Apple", "doctor"))
+print(a.split(" "))
+print(a.count("Apple"))
+print(a.find("i"))
+print(a.index("i")) # Raises error when the value is not found
+print(a.swapcase())
+print(a.isprintable())
+print(a.isspace())
+print(a.istitle())
+print(a.title())
+
+print(b.rstrip("!"))
+print(b.capitalize())
+print(b.center(50,"."))
+print(b.endswith("."))
+print(b.islower())
+print(b.istitle())
+print(b.title())
+print(b.startswith("mohan's"))
+
+print(d.isalnum())
+print(d.isupper())
+
+print(e.strip())
+
+print(name.swapcase())
+print(name.isalpha())
+
+# String Formatting or f-string
+b= "Shyam"
+c= "Wait for some time"
+a= "Welcome {} to this place we would like you to {}, right {}."
+x= "Welcome {0} to this place we would like you to {1}, right {1}."
+y= f"Welcome {b} to this place we would like you to {c}, right {c}."
+print(a.format(b,c,b))
+print(x.format(b,c,b))
+print(y)
+Weight=68.888
+print(f"Weight is {Weight:.1f}")
+print(f"The format of {{a}} will be give in the right way {2*4}")

Basics/05. If- elif- else.py

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+'''
+An if-else loop is a conditional statement in programming that allows you to execute different code blocks based on 
+whether a specified condition is true or false. It's a fundamental control flow structure that enables your program to
+make decisions and perform actions accordingly.
+'''
+
+# If Loop
+
+a= input("Enter name:- ")
+b= "power"
+if(type(a)== type(b)):
+   print("String ")
+
+# If- else Loop
+
+a= int(input("Enter your age:- "))
+if(a>18):
+  print("You can Vote")
+else:
+  print("You cannot Vote")
+
+# If- elif Loop
+
+Selling_Price = int(input("Enter Selling Price of Your Product:- "))
+Cost_Price = int(input("Enter Cost Price of Your Product:- "))
+if (Selling_Price< Cost_Price):
+    print("Profit ")
+elif(Selling_Price== Cost_Price):
+    print("Nothing Gained")
+else:
+    print("Loss")
+
+# Nested If Loop
+
+number = int(input("Enter any number:- "))
+if (number < 0):
+    print("Negative Number")
+elif (number > 0):
+    print("Positive Number")
+    if (number <= 10):
+        print("Number in range 1-10")
+    elif (number > 10 and number <= 20):
+        print("Number in range 11-20")
+    else:
+        print("Number is greater than 20")
+else:
+    print("Number is zero")
+
+# Ternary If- Else
+x=10 
+y=50
+print(x) if x<y else print(y)if x>y else print(0)

Basics/06. Match Case.py

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+'''
+General Syntax for Match- Case
+match value:
+    case pattern1:
+        # Code to execute if value matches pattern1
+    case pattern2:
+        # Code to execute if value matches pattern2
+    case _:
+        # Code to execute if value doesn't match any previous patterns 
+
+'''
+x = int(input("Enter Number: "))
+# x is the variable to match
+match x:
+    # if x is 0
+    case 0:
+        print("x is zero")
+    # case with if-condition
+    case 8 if x % 2 == 0:
+        print("x % 2 == 0 and case is 8")
+    # Empty case with if-condition
+    case _ if x < 10:
+        print("x is < 10")
+    case _ if x!=90:
+        print(x, "is not 90")
+    case _ if x%3!=0:
+        print(x, "is not 80")
+    case _: # It is basically an else.
+        print(x)

Basics/07. For loop.py

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+name = 'Saurabh'
+for i in name:
+    print(i, end=", ")
+
+Directions= ["North ", "South", "East ", "West"]
+for i in Directions:
+    print("Direction", i, end= ",")
+
+for x in range(5):
+    print(x)
+
+for k in range(2,8):
+    print(k)
+
+for i in range(5):
+    print("Cool")
+else:
+    print("Warm")
+
+# Enumerate 
+
+a=[10,22,3,45,56,27.11]
+for a,b in enumerate(a, start= -1):
+    print(b)
+    if(a==3):
+        print("Enumerated Successfully")