Add Basic TimSorter (#471)

Author: Kalkwst

Diff for: Algorithms.Tests/Sorters/Comparison/BasicTeamSorterTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+using Algorithms.Sorters.Comparison;
+using FluentAssertions;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+namespace Algorithms.Tests.Sorters.Comparison
+{
+    [TestFixture]
+    public class BasicTimSorterTests
+    {
+        private readonly BasicTimSorter<int> sorter = new(Comparer<int>.Default);
+
+        [Test]
+        public void Sort_EmptyArray_DoesNotThrow()
+        {
+            var array = Array.Empty<int>();
+            Assert.DoesNotThrow(() => sorter.Sort(array));
+            Assert.That(array, Is.Empty);
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void Sort_SingleElementArray_DoesNotChangeArray()
+        {
+            var array = new[] { 1 };
+            sorter.Sort(array);
+            Assert.That(array, Is.EqualTo(new[] { 1 }));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void Sort_AlreadySortedArray_DoesNotChangeArray()
+        {
+            var array = new[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
+            sorter.Sort(array);
+            Assert.That(array, Is.EqualTo(new[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void Sort_UnsortedArray_SortsCorrectly()
+        {
+            var array = new[] { 5, 3, 1, 4, 2 };
+            sorter.Sort(array);
+            Assert.That(array, Is.EqualTo(new[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void Sort_ReverseSortedArray_SortsCorrectly()
+        {
+            var array = new[] { 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 };
+            sorter.Sort(array);
+            Assert.That(array, Is.EqualTo(new[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void Sort_ArrayWithDuplicates_SortsCorrectly()
+        {
+            var array = new[] { 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2 };
+            sorter.Sort(array);
+            Assert.That(array, Is.EqualTo(new[] { 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3 }));
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void Sort_LargeArray_SortsCorrectly()
+        {
+            var array = new int[1000];
+            for (var i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
+            {
+                array[i] = 1000 - i;
+            }
+            sorter.Sort(array);
+            array.Should().BeInAscendingOrder();
+        }
+
+        [Test]
+        public void Sort_LargeRandomArray_SortsCorrectly()
+        {
+            var array = new int[1000];
+            var random = new Random();
+            for (var i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
+            {
+                array[i] = random.Next(1, 1001);
+            }
+            sorter.Sort(array);
+            array.Should().BeInAscendingOrder();
+        }
+    }
+}

Diff for: Algorithms/Sorters/Comparison/BasicTimSorter.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+namespace Algorithms.Sorters.Comparison
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// A basic implementation of the TimSort algorithm for sorting arrays.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">The type of elements in the array.</typeparam>
+    public class BasicTimSorter<T>
+    {
+        private readonly int minRuns = 32;
+        private readonly IComparer<T> comparer;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="BasicTimSorter{T}"/> class.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="comparer">The comparer to use for comparing elements.</param>
+        public BasicTimSorter(IComparer<T> comparer)
+        {
+            this.comparer = comparer ?? Comparer<T>.Default;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Sorts the specified array using the TimSort algorithm.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="array">The array to sort.</param>
+        public void Sort(T[] array)
+        {
+            var n = array.Length;
+
+            // Step 1: Sort small pieces of the array using Insertion Sort
+            for (var i = 0; i < n; i += minRuns)
+            {
+                InsertionSort(array, i, Math.Min(i + minRuns - 1, n - 1));
+            }
+
+            // Step 2: Merge sorted runs using Merge Sort
+            for (var size = minRuns; size < n; size *= 2)
+            {
+                for (var left = 0; left < n; left += 2 * size)
+                {
+                    var mid = left + size - 1;
+                    var right = Math.Min(left + 2 * size - 1, n - 1);
+
+                    if (mid < right)
+                    {
+                        Merge(array, left, mid, right);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Sorts a portion of the array using the Insertion Sort algorithm.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="array">The array to sort.</param>
+        /// <param name="left">The starting index of the portion to sort.</param>
+        /// <param name="right">The ending index of the portion to sort.</param>
+        private void InsertionSort(T[] array, int left, int right)
+        {
+            for (var i = left + 1; i <= right; i++)
+            {
+                var key = array[i];
+                var j = i - 1;
+
+                // Move elements of array[0..i-1], that are greater than key,
+                // to one position ahead of their current position
+                while (j >= left && comparer.Compare(array[j], key) > 0)
+                {
+                    array[j + 1] = array[j];
+                    j--;
+                }
+
+                array[j + 1] = key;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Merges two sorted subarrays into a single sorted subarray.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="array">The array containing the subarrays to merge.</param>
+        /// <param name="left">The starting index of the first subarray.</param>
+        /// <param name="mid">The ending index of the first subarray.</param>
+        /// <param name="right">The ending index of the second subarray.</param>
+        private void Merge(T[] array, int left, int mid, int right)
+        {
+            // Create segments for left and right subarrays
+            var leftSegment = new ArraySegment<T>(array, left, mid - left + 1);
+            var rightSegment = new ArraySegment<T>(array, mid + 1, right - mid);
+
+            // Convert segments to arrays
+            var leftArray = leftSegment.ToArray();
+            var rightArray = rightSegment.ToArray();
+
+            var i = 0;
+            var j = 0;
+            var k = left;
+
+            // Merge the two subarrays back into the main array
+            while (i < leftArray.Length && j < rightArray.Length)
+            {
+                array[k++] = comparer.Compare(leftArray[i], rightArray[j]) <= 0 ? leftArray[i++] : rightArray[j++];
+            }
+
+            // Copy remaining elements from leftArray, if any
+            while (i < leftArray.Length)
+            {
+                array[k++] = leftArray[i++];
+            }
+
+            // Copy remaining elements from rightArray, if any
+            while (j < rightArray.Length)
+            {
+                array[k++] = rightArray[j++];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

Diff for: README.md

@@ -126,6 +126,7 @@ find more than one implementation for the same objective but using different alg
       * [Selection Sort](./Algorithms/Sorters/Comparison/SelectionSorter.cs)
       * [Shell Sort](./Algorithms/Sorters/Comparison/ShellSorter.cs)
       * [Tim Sort](./Algorithms/Sorters/Comparison/TimSorter.cs)
+      * [Simplified Tim Sort](./Algorithms/Sorters/Comparison/BasicTimSorter.cs)
     * [External](./Algorithms/Sorters/External)
       * [Merge Sort](./Algorithms/Sorters/External/ExternalMergeSorter.cs)
     * [Integer](./Algorithms/Sorters/Integer)