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BitOps.pas
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{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{===============================================================================
BitOps
Set of functions providing some of the not-so-common bit-manipulating
operations and other binary utilities.
Version 1.24 (2025-02-05)
Last change 2025-02-05
©2014-2025 František Milt
Contacts:
František Milt: [email protected]
Support:
If you find this code useful, please consider supporting its author(s) by
making a small donation using the following link(s):
https://www.paypal.me/FMilt
Changelog:
For detailed changelog and history please refer to this git repository:
github.com/TheLazyTomcat/Lib.BitOps
Dependencies:
* AuxExceptions - github.com/TheLazyTomcat/Lib.AuxExceptions
AuxTypes - github.com/TheLazyTomcat/Lib.AuxTypes
BasicUIM - github.com/TheLazyTomcat/Lib.BasicUIM
* SimpleCPUID - github.com/TheLazyTomcat/Lib.SimpleCPUID
Library AuxExceptions is required only when rebasing local exception classes
(see symbol BitOps_UseAuxExceptions for details).
SimpleCPUID is required only when PurePascal symbol is not defined.
Libraries AuxExceptions and SimpleCPUID might also be required as an indirect
dependencies.
Indirect dependencies:
StrRect - github.com/TheLazyTomcat/Lib.StrRect
UInt64Utils - github.com/TheLazyTomcat/Lib.UInt64Utils
WinFileInfo - github.com/TheLazyTomcat/Lib.WinFileInfo
===============================================================================}
unit BitOps;
{
BitOps_PurePascal
If you want to compile this unit without ASM, don't want to or cannot define
PurePascal for the entire project and at the same time you don't want to or
cannot make changes to this unit, define this symbol for the entire project
and only this unit will be compiled in PurePascal mode.
}
{$IFDEF BitOps_PurePascal}
{$DEFINE PurePascal}
{$ENDIF}
{
BitOps_UseAuxExceptions
If you want library-specific exceptions to be based on more advanced classes
provided by AuxExceptions library instead of basic Exception class, and don't
want to or cannot change code in this unit, you can define global symbol
BitOps_UseAuxExceptions to achieve this.
}
{$IF Defined(BitOps_UseAuxExceptions)}
{$DEFINE UseAuxExceptions}
{$IFEND}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
{$IF defined(CPU64) or defined(CPU64BITS)}
{$DEFINE CPU64bit}
{$ELSEIF defined(CPU16)}
{$MESSAGE FATAL '16bit CPU not supported'}
{$ELSE}
{$DEFINE CPU32bit}
{$IFEND}
{$IF defined(CPUX86_64) or defined(CPUX64)}
{$DEFINE x64}
{$ELSEIF defined(CPU386)}
{$DEFINE x86}
{$ELSE}
{$DEFINE PurePascal}
{$IFEND}
{$IF Defined(WINDOWS) or Defined(MSWINDOWS)}
{$DEFINE Windows}
{$IFEND}
{$IFDEF FPC}
{$MODE ObjFPC}
{$MODESWITCH ClassicProcVars+}
{$INLINE ON}
{$DEFINE CanInline}
{$IFNDEF PurePascal}
{$ASMMODE Intel}
{$ENDIF}
{$DEFINE FPC_DisableWarns}
{$MACRO ON}
{$ELSE}
{$IF CompilerVersion >= 17} // Delphi 2005+
{$DEFINE CanInline}
{$ELSE}
{$UNDEF CanInline}
{$IFEND}
{$ENDIF}
{$H+}
{$IFOPT Q+}
{$DEFINE OverflowChecks}
{$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
UseLookupTable
When defined, PopCount functions will, in their PurePascal version, use
lookup table instead of testing each bit in a passed value.
Defined by default.
To disable/undefine this symbol in a project without changing this library,
define project-wide symbol BitOps_UseLookupTable_Off.
}
{$DEFINE UseLookupTable}
{$IFDEF BitOps_UseLookupTable_Off}
{$UNDEF UseLookupTable}
{$ENDIF}
{
AllowASMExtensions
Allows use of x86(-64) instruction extensions in ASM.
When defined, availability of each extension is tested at unit initialization.
The instructions are used only when proper extension is supported. When it is
not, pascal form of the function is called instead.
Currently used extensions:
CMOV - ParallelBitsDeposit(CMOVcc)[32b,p64]
POPCNT - PopCount, ParallelBitsExtract[32b,p64], ParallelBitsDeposit[32b,p64]
LZCNT - LZCount
BMI1 - TZCount(TZCNT), ExtractBits(BEXTR)
BMI2 - ParallelBitsExtract(PEXT), ParallelBitsDeposit(PDEP)
[32b] = 32bit ASM variant of the function
[p64] = function accepting 64bit values
(ins) = ins is a specific used instruction from the extension set
Defined by default.
To disable/undefine this symbol in a project without changing this library,
define project-wide symbol BitOps_AllowASMExtensions_Off.
}
{$DEFINE AllowASMExtensions}
{$IFDEF BitOps_AllowASMExtensions_Off}
{$UNDEF AllowASMExtensions}
{$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// do not touch following...
{$IF not Defined(PurePascal) and Defined(AllowASMExtensions)}
{$DEFINE ASM_Extensions}
{$ELSE}
{$UNDEF ASM_Extensions}
{$IFEND}
interface
uses
SysUtils,
AuxTypes{$IFDEF UseAuxExceptions}, AuxExceptions{$ENDIF};
{===============================================================================
Library-specific exceptions
===============================================================================}
type
EBOException = class({$IFDEF UseAuxExceptions}EAEGeneralException{$ELSE}Exception{$ENDIF});
EBOUnknownFunction = class(EBOException);
EBONoImplementation = class(EBOException);
EBOInvalidValue = class(EBOException);
EBOUnsupportedPlatform = class(EBOException);
EBOConversionError = class(EBOException);
EBOInvalidCharacter = class(EBOConversionError);
EBOBufferTooSmall = class(EBOConversionError);
EBOSizeMismatch = class(EBOConversionError);
{===============================================================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Binary data <-> string conversions
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
===============================================================================}
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Integer number <-> Bit string conversions
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Following functions are converting numbers (unsigned integers) to their bit
string representations and back. Bit string here means a string, where each
character represents one particular bit from the number.
The resulting string is ordered from the most significant (highest) bit (on
the left side) to the least significant (lowest) bit (on the right side).
The string can be split into groups of bits when a better readability is
required, and both bit characters and splitting character can be user defined.
}
type
TBitStringSplit = (bssNone,bss4bits,bss8bits,bss16bits,bss32bits);
TBitStringFormat = record
Split: TBitStringSplit;
SetBitChar: Char;
ZeroBitChar: Char;
SplitChar: Char;
end;
const
DefBitStringFormat: TBitStringFormat = (
Split: bssNone;
SetBitChar: '1';
ZeroBitChar: '0';
SplitChar: ' ');
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function NumberToBitStr(Number: UInt8; BitStringFormat: TBitStringFormat): String; overload;
Function NumberToBitStr(Number: UInt16; BitStringFormat: TBitStringFormat): String; overload;
Function NumberToBitStr(Number: UInt32; BitStringFormat: TBitStringFormat): String; overload;
Function NumberToBitStr(Number: UInt64; BitStringFormat: TBitStringFormat): String; overload;
Function NumberToBitStr(Number: UInt8; Split: TBitStringSplit): String; overload;
Function NumberToBitStr(Number: UInt16; Split: TBitStringSplit): String; overload;
Function NumberToBitStr(Number: UInt32; Split: TBitStringSplit): String; overload;
Function NumberToBitStr(Number: UInt64; Split: TBitStringSplit): String; overload;
Function NumberToBitStr(Number: UInt8): String; overload;
Function NumberToBitStr(Number: UInt16): String; overload;
Function NumberToBitStr(Number: UInt32): String; overload;
Function NumberToBitStr(Number: UInt64): String; overload;
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function BitStrToNumber(const BitString: String; BitStringFormat: TBitStringFormat): UInt64; overload;
Function BitStrToNumber(const BitString: String; Split: TBitStringSplit): UInt64; overload;
Function BitStrToNumber(const BitString: String): UInt64; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function TryBitStrToNumber(const BitString: String; out Value: UInt8; BitStringFormat: TBitStringFormat): Boolean; overload;
Function TryBitStrToNumber(const BitString: String; out Value: UInt16; BitStringFormat: TBitStringFormat): Boolean; overload;
Function TryBitStrToNumber(const BitString: String; out Value: UInt32; BitStringFormat: TBitStringFormat): Boolean; overload;
Function TryBitStrToNumber(const BitString: String; out Value: UInt64; BitStringFormat: TBitStringFormat): Boolean; overload;
Function TryBitStrToNumber(const BitString: String; out Value: UInt8; Split: TBitStringSplit): Boolean; overload;
Function TryBitStrToNumber(const BitString: String; out Value: UInt16; Split: TBitStringSplit): Boolean; overload;
Function TryBitStrToNumber(const BitString: String; out Value: UInt32; Split: TBitStringSplit): Boolean; overload;
Function TryBitStrToNumber(const BitString: String; out Value: UInt64; Split: TBitStringSplit): Boolean; overload;
Function TryBitStrToNumber(const BitString: String; out Value: UInt8): Boolean; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
Function TryBitStrToNumber(const BitString: String; out Value: UInt16): Boolean; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
Function TryBitStrToNumber(const BitString: String; out Value: UInt32): Boolean; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
Function TryBitStrToNumber(const BitString: String; out Value: UInt64): Boolean; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function BitStrToNumberDef(const BitString: String; Default: UInt64; BitStringFormat: TBitStringFormat): UInt64; overload;
Function BitStrToNumberDef(const BitString: String; Default: UInt64; Split: TBitStringSplit): UInt64; overload;
Function BitStrToNumberDef(const BitString: String; Default: UInt64): UInt64; overload;
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Integer number <-> Octal string conversions
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Following functions are converting unsigned numbers to their octal (base-8)
representation and back.
}
Function NumberToOctStr(Number: UInt8): String; overload;
Function NumberToOctStr(Number: UInt16): String; overload;
Function NumberToOctStr(Number: UInt32): String; overload;
Function NumberToOctStr(Number: UInt64): String; overload;
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function OctStrToNumber(const OctString: String): UInt64;
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function TryOctStrToNumber(const OctString: String; out Value: UInt8): Boolean; overload;
Function TryOctStrToNumber(const OctString: String; out Value: UInt16): Boolean; overload;
Function TryOctStrToNumber(const OctString: String; out Value: UInt32): Boolean; overload;
Function TryOctStrToNumber(const OctString: String; out Value: UInt64): Boolean; overload;
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function OctStrToNumberDef(const OctString: String; Default: UInt64): UInt64;
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
General data <-> Hex string conversions
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Functions converting general data (buffer or array of bytes) to hexadecimal
representation and back.
The resulting string contains pair of hexadecimal numbers (0..9,a..f), where
each pair represents one byte. These pairs appear in the order they have in
the source data (first byte is to the left in the string, last byte is to
the right). But note that the pairs themselwes are ordered from from most
significant nibble to the least significant (ie. left character represents
higher four bits of the byte, right character represents lower four bits).
The string can be split for better readability, you can select splitting
character and whether the hexadecimal chars will be of lower or upper case.
}
type
THexStringSplit = (hssNone,hssNibble,hssByte,hssWord,hss24bits,hssLong,
hssQuad,hss80bits,hssOcta);
THexStringFormat = record
Split: THexStringSplit;
SplitChar: Char;
UpperCase: Boolean;
end;
const
DefHexStringFormat: THexStringFormat = (
Split: hssNone;
SplitChar: ' ';
UpperCase: True);
type
TArrayOfBytes = packed array of UInt8;
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function DataToHexStr(const Buffer; Size: TMemSize; HexStringFormat: THexStringFormat): String; overload;
Function DataToHexStr(Arr: array of UInt8; HexStringFormat: THexStringFormat): String; overload;
Function DataToHexStr(const Buffer; Size: TMemSize; Split: THexStringSplit): String; overload;
Function DataToHexStr(Arr: array of UInt8; Split: THexStringSplit): String; overload;
Function DataToHexStr(const Buffer; Size: TMemSize): String; overload;
Function DataToHexStr(Arr: array of UInt8): String; overload;
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function HexStrToData(const Str: String; out Buffer; Size: TMemSize; HexStringFormat: THexStringFormat): TMemSize; overload;
Function HexStrToData(const Str: String; HexStringFormat: THexStringFormat): TArrayOfBytes; overload;
Function HexStrToData(const Str: String; out Buffer; Size: TMemSize; SplitChar: Char): TMemSize; overload;
Function HexStrToData(const Str: String; SplitChar: Char): TArrayOfBytes; overload;
Function HexStrToData(const Str: String; out Buffer; Size: TMemSize): TMemSize; overload;
Function HexStrToData(const Str: String): TArrayOfBytes; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline; {$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function TryHexStrToData(const Str: String; out Buffer; var Size: TMemSize; HexStringFormat: THexStringFormat): Boolean; overload;
Function TryHexStrToData(const Str: String; out Arr: TArrayOfBytes; HexStringFormat: THexStringFormat): Boolean; overload;
Function TryHexStrToData(const Str: String; out Buffer; var Size: TMemSize; SplitChar: Char): Boolean; overload;
Function TryHexStrToData(const Str: String; out Arr: TArrayOfBytes; SplitChar: Char): Boolean; overload;
Function TryHexStrToData(const Str: String; out Buffer; var Size: TMemSize): Boolean; overload;
Function TryHexStrToData(const Str: String; out Arr: TArrayOfBytes): Boolean; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline; {$ENDIF}
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
General data <-> Bit string conversions
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Conversion of general data to its bit string representation and back.
The resulting string can be split for better readability and the splitting
character can be selected.
It is possible to define order in which the bytes appear in the bit string
as well as order of bits within the individual bytes (groups of eight
chracters). Let's have an example:
Data(hex): 82 A3
bytes L2R, bits L2R ... 01000001 11000101
bytes L2R, bits R2L ... 10000010 10100011
bytes R2L, bits L2R ... 11000101 01000001
bytes R2L, bits R2L ... 10100011 10000010
}
type
TBitStringOrder = (bsoLeftToRight,bsoRightToLeft);
TDataBitStringFormat = record
Split: TBitStringSplit;
SplitChar: Char;
BytesOrder: TBitStringOrder;
BitsInByteOrder: TBitStringOrder;
end;
const
DefDataBitStringFormat: TDataBitStringFormat = (
Split: bssNone;
SplitChar: ' ';
BytesOrder: bsoLeftToRight;
BitsInByteOrder: bsoLeftToRight);
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function DataToBitStr(const Buffer; Size: TMemSize; BitStringFormat: TDataBitStringFormat): String; overload;
Function DataToBitStr(Arr: array of UInt8; BitStringFormat: TDataBitStringFormat): String; overload;
Function DataToBitStr(const Buffer; Size: TMemSize; Split: TBitStringSplit): String; overload;
Function DataToBitStr(Arr: array of UInt8; Split: TBitStringSplit): String; overload;
Function DataToBitStr(const Buffer; Size: TMemSize): String; overload;
Function DataToBitStr(Arr: array of UInt8): String; overload;
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function BitStrToData(const Str: String; out Buffer; Size: TMemSize; BitStringFormat: TDataBitStringFormat): TMemSize; overload;
Function BitStrToData(const Str: String; BitStringFormat: TDataBitStringFormat): TArrayOfBytes; overload;
Function BitStrToData(const Str: String; out Buffer; Size: TMemSize; SplitChar: Char): TMemSize; overload;
Function BitStrToData(const Str: String; SplitChar: Char): TArrayOfBytes; overload;
Function BitStrToData(const Str: String; out Buffer; Size: TMemSize): TMemSize; overload;
Function BitStrToData(const Str: String): TArrayOfBytes; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline; {$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function TryBitStrToData(const Str: String; out Buffer; var Size: TMemSize; BitStringFormat: TDataBitStringFormat): Boolean; overload;
Function TryBitStrToData(const Str: String; out Arr: TArrayOfBytes; BitStringFormat: TDataBitStringFormat): Boolean; overload;
Function TryBitStrToData(const Str: String; out Buffer; var Size: TMemSize; SplitChar: Char): Boolean; overload;
Function TryBitStrToData(const Str: String; out Arr: TArrayOfBytes; SplitChar: Char): Boolean; overload;
Function TryBitStrToData(const Str: String; out Buffer; var Size: TMemSize): Boolean; overload;
Function TryBitStrToData(const Str: String; out Arr: TArrayOfBytes): Boolean; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline; {$ENDIF}
{===============================================================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bit-level manipulations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
===============================================================================}
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Rotate left (ROL)
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Rotates the number left - that is, the number is shifted left (towards higher
places) by a selected amount of bits, while the shifted-out bits are inserted
to the right (lower places).
Assembly implementation uses instruction ROL.
Only lower 3, 4, 5 or 6 bits of the shift, depending on the argument size,
are used (the ASM version masks 5 or 6 bits, but the result is the same).
}
Function ROL(Value: UInt8; Shift: Integer): UInt8; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function ROL(Value: UInt16; Shift: Integer): UInt16; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function ROL(Value: UInt32; Shift: Integer): UInt32; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function ROL(Value: UInt64; Shift: Integer): UInt64; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
procedure ROLValue(var Value: UInt8; Shift: Integer); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure ROLValue(var Value: UInt16; Shift: Integer); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure ROLValue(var Value: UInt32; Shift: Integer); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure ROLValue(var Value: UInt64; Shift: Integer); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Rotate right (ROR)
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Rotates the number right - the number is shifted right (towards lower places)
by a selected amount of bits, while the shifted-out bits are inserted to the
left (higher places).
Assembly implementation uses instruction ROR.
Only lower 3, 4, 5 or 6 bits of the shift, depending on the argument size,
are used (the ASM version masks 5 or 6 bits, but the result is the same).
}
Function ROR(Value: UInt8; Shift: Integer): UInt8; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function ROR(Value: UInt16; Shift: Integer): UInt16; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function ROR(Value: UInt32; Shift: Integer): UInt32; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function ROR(Value: UInt64; Shift: Integer): UInt64; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
procedure RORValue(var Value: UInt8; Shift: Integer); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure RORValue(var Value: UInt16; Shift: Integer); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure RORValue(var Value: UInt32; Shift: Integer); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure RORValue(var Value: UInt64; Shift: Integer); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Rotate left with carry (RCL)
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Rotates the number left with carry - works the same as ROL, but the number
is being rotated trough carry flag, effectively making it n + 1 bits wide.
When the number is shifted, the bit shifted in is taken from carry flag and
bit shifted out is stored back in the carry flag.
First shifted-in bit is taken from the parameter CF, and the last shifted-out
bit is returned again in the CF.
For example...
original number: 01001100 (0x4C)
original carry: 1
rotating left by 3 places...
resulting number: 01100101 (0x65)
resulting carry: 0
Assembly implementation uses instruction RCL.
Only lower 5 bits (for 8bit, 16bit and 32bit numbers) or 6 bits (for 64bit
numbers) of the shift are used.
}
Function RCLCarry(Value: UInt8; Shift: Integer; var CF: Boolean): UInt8; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function RCLCarry(Value: UInt16; Shift: Integer; var CF: Boolean): UInt16; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function RCLCarry(Value: UInt32; Shift: Integer; var CF: Boolean): UInt32; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function RCLCarry(Value: UInt64; Shift: Integer; var CF: Boolean): UInt64; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function RCL(Value: UInt8; Shift: Integer; CF: Boolean = False): UInt8; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
Function RCL(Value: UInt16; Shift: Integer; CF: Boolean = False): UInt16; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
Function RCL(Value: UInt32; Shift: Integer; CF: Boolean = False): UInt32; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
Function RCL(Value: UInt64; Shift: Integer; CF: Boolean = False): UInt64; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
procedure RCLValueCarry(var Value: UInt8; Shift: Integer; var CF: Boolean); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure RCLValueCarry(var Value: UInt16; Shift: Integer; var CF: Boolean); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure RCLValueCarry(var Value: UInt32; Shift: Integer; var CF: Boolean); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure RCLValueCarry(var Value: UInt64; Shift: Integer; var CF: Boolean); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
procedure RCLValue(var Value: UInt8; Shift: Integer; CF: Boolean = False); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure RCLValue(var Value: UInt16; Shift: Integer; CF: Boolean = False); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure RCLValue(var Value: UInt32; Shift: Integer; CF: Boolean = False); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure RCLValue(var Value: UInt64; Shift: Integer; CF: Boolean = False); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Rotate right with carry (RCR)
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Rotates the number right with carry - works the same as ROR, but the number
is being shifted trough carry flag. See description of RCL for more info.
Assembly implementation uses instruction RCR.
Only lower 5 bits (for 8bit, 16bit and 32bit numbers) or 6 bits (for 64bit
numbers) of the shift are used.
}
Function RCRCarry(Value: UInt8; Shift: Integer; var CF: Boolean): UInt8; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function RCRCarry(Value: UInt16; Shift: Integer; var CF: Boolean): UInt16; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function RCRCarry(Value: UInt32; Shift: Integer; var CF: Boolean): UInt32; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function RCRCarry(Value: UInt64; Shift: Integer; var CF: Boolean): UInt64; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function RCR(Value: UInt8; Shift: Integer; CF: Boolean = False): UInt8; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
Function RCR(Value: UInt16; Shift: Integer; CF: Boolean = False): UInt16; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
Function RCR(Value: UInt32; Shift: Integer; CF: Boolean = False): UInt32; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
Function RCR(Value: UInt64; Shift: Integer; CF: Boolean = False): UInt64; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
procedure RCRValueCarry(var Value: UInt8; Shift: Integer; var CF: Boolean); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure RCRValueCarry(var Value: UInt16; Shift: Integer; var CF: Boolean); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure RCRValueCarry(var Value: UInt32; Shift: Integer; var CF: Boolean); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure RCRValueCarry(var Value: UInt64; Shift: Integer; var CF: Boolean); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
procedure RCRValue(var Value: UInt8; Shift: Integer; CF: Boolean = False); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure RCRValue(var Value: UInt16; Shift: Integer; CF: Boolean = False); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure RCRValue(var Value: UInt32; Shift: Integer; CF: Boolean = False); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure RCRValue(var Value: UInt64; Shift: Integer; CF: Boolean = False); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Arithmetic left shift (SAL)
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
This operation is identical to logical left shift (SHL).
Assembly implementation uses instruction SAL.
Only lower 5 bits (for 8bit, 16bit and 32bit numbers) or 6 bits (for 64bit
numbers) of the shift are used.
}
Function SAL(Value: UInt8; Shift: Integer): UInt8; overload;{$IFDEF PurePascal}{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}{$ELSE} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function SAL(Value: UInt16; Shift: Integer): UInt16; overload;{$IFDEF PurePascal}{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}{$ELSE} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function SAL(Value: UInt32; Shift: Integer): UInt32; overload;{$IFDEF PurePascal}{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}{$ELSE} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function SAL(Value: UInt64; Shift: Integer): UInt64; overload;{$IFDEF PurePascal}{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}{$ELSE} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
procedure SALValue(var Value: UInt8; Shift: Integer); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure SALValue(var Value: UInt16; Shift: Integer); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure SALValue(var Value: UInt32; Shift: Integer); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure SALValue(var Value: UInt64; Shift: Integer); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Arithmetic right shift (SAR)
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Shifts the number to the right (towards lower bits), while preserving the
highest bit. For example...
number 10010100
SAR by 3...
result 11110010
Assembly implementation uses instruction SAR.
Only lower 5 bits (for 8bit, 16bit and 32bit numbers) or 6 bits (for 64bit
numbers) of the shift are used.
}
Function SAR(Value: UInt8; Shift: Integer): UInt8; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function SAR(Value: UInt16; Shift: Integer): UInt16; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function SAR(Value: UInt32; Shift: Integer): UInt32; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function SAR(Value: UInt64; Shift: Integer): UInt64; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
procedure SARValue(var Value: UInt8; Shift: Integer); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure SARValue(var Value: UInt16; Shift: Integer); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure SARValue(var Value: UInt32; Shift: Integer); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure SARValue(var Value: UInt64; Shift: Integer); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Endianity swap
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Reverses order of bytes within the number or general data buffer.
Assembly implementation uses instruction BSWAP.
}
Function EndianSwap(Value: UInt16): UInt16; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function EndianSwap(Value: UInt32): UInt32; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function EndianSwap(Value: UInt64): UInt64; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function SwapEndian(Value: UInt16): UInt16; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
Function SwapEndian(Value: UInt32): UInt32; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
Function SwapEndian(Value: UInt64): UInt64; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
procedure EndianSwapValue(var Value: UInt16); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure EndianSwapValue(var Value: UInt32); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure EndianSwapValue(var Value: UInt64); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure SwapEndianValue(var Value: UInt16); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure SwapEndianValue(var Value: UInt32); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure SwapEndianValue(var Value: UInt64); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
procedure EndianSwap(var Buffer; Size: TMemSize); overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
procedure SwapEndian(var Buffer; Size: TMemSize); overload;
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
Reverses byte order of individial items in a given array or vector.
Number in the name denotes size of items in bits. Function without number
accepts an explicitly given item size (in bytes).
Argument Arr should point to the first element/item in the array.
Count gives number of items in the array (NOT its size in bytes).
Stride is a linear distance betveen two items (NOT a space between them,
distance from one item to another). Usually it equals to item size - it is
here for situations when manipulating an array of records and only one
field of each record needs to be swapped.
}
procedure EndianSwapItems16(var Arr; Count,Stride: TMemSize);{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF} overload;
procedure EndianSwapItems32(var Arr; Count,Stride: TMemSize);{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF} overload;
procedure EndianSwapItems64(var Arr; Count,Stride: TMemSize);{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF} overload;
procedure EndianSwapItems(var Arr; ItemSize,Count,Stride: TMemSize); overload;
procedure EndianSwapItems16(var Arr; Count: TMemSize); overload;
procedure EndianSwapItems32(var Arr; Count: TMemSize); overload;
procedure EndianSwapItems64(var Arr; Count: TMemSize); overload;
procedure EndianSwapItems(var Arr; ItemSize,Count: TMemSize); overload;
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
procedure SwapEndianItems16(var Arr; Count,Stride: TMemSize); overload;
procedure SwapEndianItems32(var Arr; Count,Stride: TMemSize); overload;
procedure SwapEndianItems64(var Arr; Count,Stride: TMemSize); overload;
procedure SwapEndianItems(var Arr; ItemSize,Count,Stride: TMemSize); overload;
procedure SwapEndianItems16(var Arr; Count: TMemSize); overload;
procedure SwapEndianItems32(var Arr; Count: TMemSize); overload;
procedure SwapEndianItems64(var Arr; Count: TMemSize); overload;
procedure SwapEndianItems(var Arr; ItemSize,Count: TMemSize); overload;
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Bit test (BT)
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Returns true when selected bit in the Value is set, false when it is clear.
Assembly implementation uses instruction BT.
The bit number/index is taken modulo 8, 16, 32 or 64, depending on argument
width.
}
Function BT(Value: UInt8; Bit: Integer): Boolean; overload;{$IFDEF PurePascal}{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}{$ELSE} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function BT(Value: UInt16; Bit: Integer): Boolean; overload;{$IFDEF PurePascal}{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}{$ELSE} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function BT(Value: UInt32; Bit: Integer): Boolean; overload;{$IFDEF PurePascal}{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}{$ELSE} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function BT(Value: UInt64; Bit: Integer): Boolean; overload;{$IFDEF PurePascal}{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}{$ELSE} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Bit test and set (BTS)
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Sets the selected bit in the Value (to 1) and returns true when the bit was
previously set, false when it was clear.
Assembly implementation uses instruction BTS.
The bit number/index is taken modulo 8, 16, 32 or 64, depending on argument
width.
}
Function BTS(var Value: UInt8; Bit: Integer): Boolean; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function BTS(var Value: UInt16; Bit: Integer): Boolean; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function BTS(var Value: UInt32; Bit: Integer): Boolean; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function BTS(var Value: UInt64; Bit: Integer): Boolean; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Bit test and reset (BTR)
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Resets the selected bit in the Value (to 0) and returns true when the bit was
previously set, false when it was clear.
Assembly implementation uses instruction BTR.
The bit number/index is taken modulo 8, 16, 32 or 64, depending on argument
width.
}
Function BTR(var Value: UInt8; Bit: Integer): Boolean; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function BTR(var Value: UInt16; Bit: Integer): Boolean; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function BTR(var Value: UInt32; Bit: Integer): Boolean; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function BTR(var Value: UInt64; Bit: Integer): Boolean; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Bit test and complement (BTC)
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Complements the selected bit in the Value (swaps its state, 0 <-> 1) and
returns true when the bit was previously set, false when it was clear.
Assembly implementation uses instruction BTC.
The bit number/index is taken modulo 8, 16, 32 or 64, depending on argument
width.
}
Function BTC(var Value: UInt8; Bit: Integer): Boolean; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function BTC(var Value: UInt16; Bit: Integer): Boolean; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function BTC(var Value: UInt32; Bit: Integer): Boolean; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function BTC(var Value: UInt64; Bit: Integer): Boolean; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Bit test and set to a given value
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Sets value of the selected bit in the number given in Value to a NewValue and
returns its previous state.
The bit number/index is taken modulo 8, 16, 32 or 64, depending on argument
width.
}
Function BitSetTo(var Value: UInt8; Bit: Integer; NewValue: Boolean): Boolean; overload;
Function BitSetTo(var Value: UInt16; Bit: Integer; NewValue: Boolean): Boolean; overload;
Function BitSetTo(var Value: UInt32; Bit: Integer; NewValue: Boolean): Boolean; overload;
Function BitSetTo(var Value: UInt64; Bit: Integer; NewValue: Boolean): Boolean; overload;
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Bit scan forward (BSF)
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Returns index of lowest set (1) bit in the passed number. If no bit is set,
then -1 is returned.
Assembly implementation uses instruction BSF.
}
Function BSF(Value: UInt8): Integer; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function BSF(Value: UInt16): Integer; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function BSF(Value: UInt32): Integer; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function BSF(Value: UInt64): Integer; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Bit scan reversed (BSR)
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Returns index of highest set bit in the passed number. If no bit is set, then
-1 is returned.
Assembly implementation uses instruction BSR.
}
Function BSR(Value: UInt8): Integer; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function BSR(Value: UInt16): Integer; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function BSR(Value: UInt32): Integer; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
Function BSR(Value: UInt64): Integer; overload;{$IFNDEF PurePascal} register; assembler;{$ENDIF}
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Population count
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Returns number of set (1) bits in the passed number. When no bit is set, it
will return 0.
Assembly implementation uses instruction POPCNT.
}
Function PopCount(Value: UInt8): Integer; overload;
Function PopCount(Value: UInt16): Integer; overload;
Function PopCount(Value: UInt32): Integer; overload;
Function PopCount(Value: UInt64): Integer; overload;
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Nibble manipulation
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Following funtions are meant for obtaining or changing lower or higher
nibbles (half bytes, 4bit halfs) within one byte (an octet).
}
Function GetHighNibble(Value: UInt8): TNibble;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
Function GetLowNibble(Value: UInt8): TNibble;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
Function SetHighNibble(Value: UInt8; SetTo: TNibble): UInt8;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
Function SetLowNibble(Value: UInt8; SetTo: TNibble): UInt8;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure SetHighNibbleValue(var Value: UInt8; SetTo: TNibble);{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure SetLowNibbleValue(var Value: UInt8; SetTo: TNibble);{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Get flag state
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
When exact match is false, the following function will return true when at
least one bit set in FlagBitmask is also set in the Value, false otherwise.
When exact match is true, then true is returned only when all bits set in the
FlagBitmask are also set in Value, false otherwise.
}
Function GetFlagState(Value,FlagBitmask: UInt8; ExactMatch: Boolean = False): Boolean; overload;
Function GetFlagState(Value,FlagBitmask: UInt16; ExactMatch: Boolean = False): Boolean; overload;
Function GetFlagState(Value,FlagBitmask: UInt32; ExactMatch: Boolean = False): Boolean; overload;
Function GetFlagState(Value,FlagBitmask: UInt64; ExactMatch: Boolean = False): Boolean; overload;
{-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================
Set flag
================================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
{
Bits set in the FlagBitmask are also set (to 1) in the passed number and this
resulting number is then returned.
Functions accepting array of flags will set all bits within all the passed
flag bistmasks.
Functions with bits noted in name (*_8, *_16, ...) are there mainly for older
versions of Delphi (up to Delphi 2007), because they are not able to
distinguish what overloaded function to call (some problem with open array
parameter parsing).
}
Function SetFlag(Value,FlagBitmask: UInt8): UInt8; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
Function SetFlag(Value,FlagBitmask: UInt16): UInt16; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
Function SetFlag(Value,FlagBitmask: UInt32): UInt32; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
Function SetFlag(Value,FlagBitmask: UInt64): UInt64; overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
procedure SetFlagValue(var Value: UInt8; FlagBitmask: UInt8); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure SetFlagValue(var Value: UInt16; FlagBitmask: UInt16); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure SetFlagValue(var Value: UInt32; FlagBitmask: UInt32); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
procedure SetFlagValue(var Value: UInt64; FlagBitmask: UInt64); overload;{$IFDEF CanInline} inline;{$ENDIF}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function SetFlags_8(Value: UInt8; Flags: array of UInt8): UInt8;
Function SetFlags_16(Value: UInt16; Flags: array of UInt16): UInt16;
Function SetFlags_32(Value: UInt32; Flags: array of UInt32): UInt32;
Function SetFlags_64(Value: UInt64; Flags: array of UInt64): UInt64;
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function SetFlags(Value: UInt8; Flags: array of UInt8): UInt8; overload;
Function SetFlags(Value: UInt16; Flags: array of UInt16): UInt16; overload;
Function SetFlags(Value: UInt32; Flags: array of UInt32): UInt32; overload;
Function SetFlags(Value: UInt64; Flags: array of UInt64): UInt64; overload;
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
procedure SetFlagsValue_8(var Value: UInt8; Flags: array of UInt8);
procedure SetFlagsValue_16(var Value: UInt16; Flags: array of UInt16);
procedure SetFlagsValue_32(var Value: UInt32; Flags: array of UInt32);
procedure SetFlagsValue_64(var Value: UInt64; Flags: array of UInt64);
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
procedure SetFlagsValue(var Value: UInt8; Flags: array of UInt8); overload;