[Fix rubocop#11556] Fix a false positive for Lint/Debugger

Fixes rubocop#11556.

This PR fixes a false positive for `Lint/Debugger` when `p` is an argument of method call.
Basically, debugger methods are not used as a method argument without arguments.

Author: koic

changelog/fix_a_false_positive_for_lint_debugger.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+* [#11556](https://github.com/rubocop/rubocop/issues/11556): Fix a false positive for `Lint/Debugger` when `p` is an argument of method call. ([@koic][])

lib/rubocop/cop/lint/debugger.rb

@@ -70,6 +70,9 @@ class Debugger < Base
         def on_send(node)
           return unless debugger_method?(node)
 
+          # Basically, debugger methods are not used as a method argument without arguments.
+          return if node.arguments.empty? && node.each_ancestor(:send, :csend).any?
+
           add_offense(node)
         end
 

spec/rubocop/cop/lint/debugger_spec.rb

@@ -110,6 +110,30 @@
         Foo.p
       RUBY
     end
+
+    it 'does not register an offense when `p` is an argument of method call' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        let(:p) { foo }
+
+        it { expect(do_something(p)).to eq bar }
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'does not register an offense when `p` is an argument of safe navigation method call' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        let(:p) { foo }
+
+        it { expect(obj&.do_something(p)).to eq bar }
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'does not register an offense when `p` is a keyword argument of method call' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        let(:p) { foo }
+
+        it { expect(do_something(k: p)).to eq bar }
+      RUBY
+    end
   end
 
   context 'byebug' do