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[FLINK-35167][pipeline-connector/maxcompute] Introduce MaxCompute pipeline DataSink
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‎docs/content.zh/docs/connectors/pipeline-connectors/maxcompute.md

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---
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title: "MaxCompute"
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weight: 7
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type: docs
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aliases:
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- /connectors/maxcompute
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---
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<!--
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Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
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or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
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distributed with this work for additional information
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regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
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to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
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"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
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with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
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http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
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software distributed under the License is distributed on an
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"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
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KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
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specific language governing permissions and limitations
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under the License.
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-->
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# MaxCompute Connector
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MaxCompute Pipeline 连接器可以用作 Pipeline 的 *Data Sink*，将数据写入[MaxCompute](https://www.aliyun.com/product/odps)。
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本文档介绍如何设置 MaxCompute Pipeline 连接器。
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## 连接器的功能
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* 自动建表
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* 表结构变更同步
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* 数据实时同步
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## 示例
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从 MySQL 读取数据同步到 MaxCompute 的 Pipeline 可以定义如下：
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```yaml
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source:
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type: mysql
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name: MySQL Source
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hostname: 127.0.0.1
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port: 3306
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username: admin
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password: pass
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tables: adb.\.*, bdb.user_table_[0-9]+, [app|web].order_\.*
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server-id: 5401-5404
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sink:
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type: maxcompute
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name: MaxCompute Sink
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accessId: ak
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accessKey: sk
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endpoint: endpoint
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project: flink_cdc
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bucketSize: 8
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pipeline:
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name: MySQL to MaxCompute Pipeline
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parallelism: 2
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```
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## 连接器配置项
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<div class="highlight">
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<table class="colwidths-auto docutils">
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th class="text-left" style="width: 25%">Option</th>
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<th class="text-left" style="width: 8%">Required</th>
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<th class="text-left" style="width: 7%">Default</th>
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<th class="text-left" style="width: 10%">Type</th>
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<th class="text-left" style="width: 50%">Description</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td>type</td>
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<td>required</td>
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<td style="word-wrap: break-word;">(none)</td>
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<td>String</td>
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<td>指定要使用的连接器, 这里需要设置成 <code>'maxcompute'</code>.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>name</td>
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<td>optional</td>
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<td style="word-wrap: break-word;">(none)</td>
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<td>String</td>
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<td>Sink 的名称.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>accessId</td>
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<td>required</td>
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<td style="word-wrap: break-word;">(none)</td>
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<td>String</td>
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<td>阿里云账号或RAM用户的AccessKey ID。您可以进入<a href="https://ram.console.aliyun.com/manage/ak">
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AccessKey管理页面</a> 获取AccessKey ID。</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>accessKey</td>
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<td>required</td>
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<td style="word-wrap: break-word;">(none)</td>
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<td>String</td>
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<td>AccessKey ID对应的AccessKey Secret。您可以进入<a href="https://ram.console.aliyun.com/manage/ak">
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AccessKey管理页面</a> 获取AccessKey Secret。</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>endpoint</td>
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<td>required</td>
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<td style="word-wrap: break-word;">(none)</td>
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<td>String</td>
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<td>MaxCompute服务的连接地址。您需要根据创建MaxCompute项目时选择的地域以及网络连接方式配置Endpoint。各地域及网络对应的Endpoint值，请参见<a href="https://help.aliyun.com/zh/maxcompute/user-guide/endpoints">
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Endpoint</a>。</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>project</td>
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<td>required</td>
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<td style="word-wrap: break-word;">(none)</td>
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<td>String</td>
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<td>MaxCompute项目名称。您可以登录<a href="https://maxcompute.console.aliyun.com/">
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MaxCompute控制台</a>，在 工作区 > 项目管理 页面获取MaxCompute项目名称。</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>tunnelEndpoint</td>
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<td>optional</td>
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<td style="word-wrap: break-word;">(none)</td>
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<td>String</td>
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<td>MaxCompute Tunnel服务的连接地址，通常这项配置可以根据指定的project所在的region进行自动路由。仅在使用代理等特殊网络环境下使用该配置。</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>quotaName</td>
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<td>optional</td>
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<td style="word-wrap: break-word;">(none)</td>
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<td>String</td>
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<td>MaxCompute 数据传输使用的独享资源组名称，如不指定该配置，则使用共享资源组。详情可以参考<a href="https://help.aliyun.com/zh/maxcompute/user-guide/purchase-and-use-exclusive-resource-groups-for-dts">
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使用 Maxcompute 独享资源组</a></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>stsToken</td>
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<td>optional</td>
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<td style="word-wrap: break-word;">(none)</td>
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<td>String</td>
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<td>当使用RAM角色颁发的短时有效的访问令牌（STS Token）进行鉴权时，需要指定该参数。</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>bucketsNum</td>
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<td>optional</td>
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<td style="word-wrap: break-word;">16</td>
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<td>Integer</td>
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<td>自动创建 MaxCompute Delta 表时使用的桶数。使用方式可以参考 <a href="https://help.aliyun.com/zh/maxcompute/user-guide/transaction-table2-0-overview">
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Delta Table 概述</a></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>compressAlgorithm</td>
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<td>optional</td>
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<td style="word-wrap: break-word;">zlib</td>
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<td>String</td>
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<td>写入MaxCompute时使用的数据压缩算法，当前支持<code>raw</code>（不进行压缩），<code>zlib</code>和<code>snappy</code>。</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>totalBatchSize</td>
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<td>optional</td>
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<td style="word-wrap: break-word;">64MB</td>
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<td>String</td>
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<td>内存中缓冲的数据量大小，单位为分区级（非分区表单位为表级），不同分区（表）的缓冲区相互独立，达到阈值后数据写入到MaxCompute。</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>bucketBatchSize</td>
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<td>optional</td>
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<td style="word-wrap: break-word;">4MB</td>
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<td>String</td>
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<td>内存中缓冲的数据量大小，单位为桶级，仅写入 Delta 表时生效。不同数据桶的缓冲区相互独立，达到阈值后将该桶数据写入到MaxCompute。</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>numCommitThreads</td>
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<td>optional</td>
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<td style="word-wrap: break-word;">16</td>
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<td>Integer</td>
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<td>checkpoint阶段，能够同时处理的分区（表）数量。</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>numFlushConcurrent</td>
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<td>optional</td>
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<td style="word-wrap: break-word;">4</td>
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<td>Integer</td>
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<td>写入数据到MaxCompute时，能够同时写入的桶数量。仅写入 Delta 表时生效。</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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## 使用说明
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* 链接器 支持自动建表，将MaxCompute表与源表的位置关系、数据类型进行自动映射（参见下文映射表），当源表有主键时，自动创建
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MaxCompute Delta 表，否则创建普通 MaxCompute 表（Append表）
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* 当写入普通 MaxCompute 表（Append表）时，会忽略`delete`操作，`update`操作会被视为`insert`操作
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* 目前仅支持 at-least-once，Delta 表由于主键特性能够实现幂等写
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* 对于表结构变更同步
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* 新增列只能添加到最后一列
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* 修改列类型，只能修改为兼容的类型。兼容表可以参考[ALTER TABLE](https://help.aliyun.com/zh/maxcompute/user-guide/alter-table)
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## 表位置映射
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链接器自动建表时，使用如下映射关系，将源表的位置信息映射到MaxCompute表的位置。注意，当MaxCompute项目不支持Schema模型时，每个同步任务仅能同步一个Mysql
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Database。（其他Datasource同理，链接器会忽略TableId.namespace信息）
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<div class="wy-table-responsive">
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<table class="colwidths-auto docutils">
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th class="text-left">Flink CDC 中抽象</th>
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<th class="text-left">MaxCompute 位置</th>
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<th class="text-left" style="width:60%;">Mysql 位置</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td>配置文件中project</td>
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<td>project</td>
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<td>(none)</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>TableId.namespace</td>
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<td>schema（仅当MaxCompute项目支持Schema模型时，如不支持，将忽略该配置）</td>
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<td>database</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>TableId.tableName</td>
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<td>table</td>
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<td>table</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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## 数据类型映射
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<div class="wy-table-responsive">
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<table class="colwidths-auto docutils">
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th class="text-left">Flink Type</th>
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<th class="text-left">MaxCompute Type</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td>CHAR/VARCHAR</td>
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<td>STRING</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>BOOLEAN</td>
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<td>BOOLEAN</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>BINARY/VARBINARY</td>
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<td>BINARY</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>DECIMAL</td>
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<td>DECIMAL</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>TINYINT</td>
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<td>TINYINT</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>SMALLINT</td>
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<td>SMALLINT</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>INTEGER</td>
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<td>INTEGER</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>BIGINT</td>
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<td>BIGINT</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>FLOAT</td>
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<td>FLOAT</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>DOUBLE</td>
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<td>DOUBLE</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>TIME_WITHOUT_TIME_ZONE</td>
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<td>STRING</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>DATE</td>
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<td>DATE</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>TIMESTAMP_WITHOUT_TIME_ZONE</td>
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<td>TIMESTAMP_NTZ</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>TIMESTAMP_WITH_LOCAL_TIME_ZONE</td>
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<td>TIMESTAMP</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>TIMESTAMP_WITH_TIME_ZONE</td>
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<td>TIMESTAMP</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>ARRAY</td>
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<td>ARRAY</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>MAP</td>
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<td>MAP</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>ROW</td>
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<td>STRUCT</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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