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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: docs/advanced/zigbee/02_improve_network_range_and_stability.md
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# Improve network range and stability
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In case you are experiencing an unstable or bad network range you can do the following things to improve your network.
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## Adapter
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Use a [recommended](../../guide/adapters/README.md) adapter, especially the CC2530 and CC2531 are known to perform poorly.
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## USB based adapter
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### Connect the adapter using an USB extension cable
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The range of these adapters can greatly be improved when connecting them with an USB extension
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cable instead of directly plugging it into the computer (e.g. Raspberry Pi). When plugged directly into the computer, the antenna suffers from interference of radio signals and electrical components of the computer. Also be sure not to position the adapter too close
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to any other radio transmitting devices (e.g. a Wi-Fi router) or an SSD. A USB extension cable of 50 cm is already enough to reduce the interference.
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to any other radio transmitting devices (e.g. a Wi-Fi router) or an SSD.
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A **USB extension cable** of 50 cm is already enough to reduce the interference. Preferably get one with shielding as this may give better results ([source](https://www.reddit.com/r/homeassistant/comments/10ebkis/psareminder_about_zigbee_interference/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=ios_app&utm_name=iossmf)).
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**Do not underestimate this!** Placing your adapter close to an USB port can kill the radio signal entirely as demonstrated in [this article](https://www.unit3compliance.co.uk/2-4ghz-intra-system-or-self-platform-interference-demonstration/).
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Aditionally, it may help to plug the adapter to a USB 2 instead of USB 3 port.
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### Try different orientations of the adapter
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RF connection between the adapter and other devices also depends on the way it is oriented in space. You might be having very poor `linkquality` reports and intermittent ping failures but once the adapter is rotated a little it all can change greatly without re-locating the coordinator far away. Try to experiment with positioning and orienting the adapter in space while monitoring the `linkquality` values reported. You might find it useful to buy a small rotating USB connector like this:
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## Adding more routers to your network
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In a Zigbee network, each router will extend the range of the network ([read more about this](./01_zigbee_network.md)). Almost all AC powered devices will serve as a router.
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## Hardware
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Although Zigbee2MQTT does not require many resources, the hardware you are running Zigbee2MQTT on can impact the performance. This is especially true when using low-power hardware like the Raspbery Pi 3. Make sure that enough resources (CPU/memory) is free. For example, running Home Assistant + Zigbee2MQTT Home Assistant addon on the Raspberry Pi 3 may give bad performance.
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: docs/guide/faq/README.md
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[[toc]]
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## Unstable networks and poor performance
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If you experience timeouts, crashes, unable to add new devices or poor performance this mostly caused by:
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- Using a [non-recommended adapter](../adapters/README.md)
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-[Wifi or Bluetooth interference](../../advanced/zigbee/02_improve_network_range_and_stability.md#reduce-wifi-interference-by-changing-the-zigbee-channel)
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- Poor host hardware (e.g. running too much in the single computer, Raspberry Pi model 3 running Home Assistant addon, too little memory)
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- If using a Raspberry Pi, try plugging the adapter into the USB 2 instead of USB 3 port
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## My network is unstable and/or performs poorly, what can I do?
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Read [Improve network range and stability](../../advanced/zigbee/02_improve_network_range_and_stability.md)
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## Why does my device not or fail to pair?
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This problem can be divided in 2 categories; no logging is shown at all OR interview fails.
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