Merge pull request #4290 from Ishitamukherjee2004/other

Solution of Transpose of a matrix is added

Author: ajay-dhangar

dsa-solutions/gfg-solutions/Easy problems/transpost-of-matrix.md

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+---
+id: transpose-of-matrix
+title: Transpose Of Matrix
+sidebar_label: Transpose-Of-Matrix
+tags:
+  - Matrix
+  - Data Structure
+description: "This tutorial covers the solution to the Transpose of Matrix problem from the GeeksforGeeks."
+---
+## Problem Description
+
+Write a program to find the transpose of a square matrix of size `N*N`. Transpose of a matrix is obtained by changing rows to columns and columns to rows.
+
+## Examples
+
+**Example 1:**
+
+```
+Input:
+N = 4
+mat[][] = {{1, 1, 1, 1},
+           {2, 2, 2, 2}
+           {3, 3, 3, 3}
+           {4, 4, 4, 4}}
+Output: 
+{{1, 2, 3, 4},  
+ {1, 2, 3, 4}  
+ {1, 2, 3, 4}
+ {1, 2, 3, 4}} 
+```
+
+**Example 2:**
+
+```
+Input:
+N = 2
+mat[][] = {{1, 2},
+           {-9, -2}}
+Output:
+{{1, -9}, 
+ {2, -2}}
+```
+
+## Your Task
+You dont need to read input or print anything. Complete the function transpose() which takes matrix[][] and N as input parameter and finds the transpose of the input matrix. You need to do this in-place. That is you need to update the original matrix with the transpose. 
+
+
+## Constraints
+
+* `-10^9 <= mat[i][j] <= 10^9`
+
+## Problem Explanation
+
+The task is to traverse the matrix and transpose it.
+
+## Code Implementation
+
+### C++ Solution
+
+```cpp
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <algorithm>
+
+std::vector<std::vector<int>> transposeMatrix(const std::vector<std::vector<int>>& matrix) {
+    int rows = matrix.size();
+    int cols = matrix[0].size();
+    std::vector<std::vector<int>> transpose(cols, std::vector<int>(rows));
+    for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
+        for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
+            transpose[j][i] = matrix[i][j];
+        }
+    }
+    return transpose;
+}
+```
+
+```java
+public static int[][] transposeMatrix(int[][] matrix) {
+    int rows = matrix.length;
+    int cols = matrix[0].length;
+    int[][] transpose = new int[cols][rows];
+    for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
+        for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
+            transpose[j][i] = matrix[i][j];
+        }
+    }
+    return transpose;
+}
+
+
+```
+
+```python
+
+def transpose_matrix(matrix):
+    return list(zip(*matrix))
+
+```
+
+```javascript
+function transposeMatrix(matrix) {
+    return matrix[0].map((_, colIndex) => matrix.map(row => row[colIndex]));
+}
+
+```
+
+## Solution Logic:
+
+1. Create an empty matrix (2D array) to store the transposed matrix.
+2. Iterate through the original matrix:
+    - For each element in the original matrix, swap its row and column indices to get the corresponding element in the transposed matrix.
+    - Assign the value of the original element to the transposed element.
+3. Return the transposed matrix.
+
+
+## Time Complexity
+
+* The time complexity is $O(n*m)$ as  where n is the number of rows in the matrix and m is the number of columns. This is because the solution iterates through each element in the matrix once.
+
+
+## Space Complexity
+
+* The space complexity of the solution is O(n*m), where n is the number of rows in the matrix and m is the number of columns. This is because the solution creates a new matrix to store the transposed matrix, which has the same size as the original matrix.