|
| 1 | +# Licensed under the Apache License: http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 |
| 2 | +# For details: https://github.com/nedbat/coveragepy/blob/master/NOTICE.txt |
| 3 | + |
| 4 | +"""A simple Python template renderer, for a nano-subset of Django syntax. |
| 5 | +
|
| 6 | +For a detailed discussion of this code, see this chapter from 500 Lines: |
| 7 | +http://aosabook.org/en/500L/a-template-engine.html |
| 8 | +
|
| 9 | +""" |
| 10 | + |
| 11 | +# Coincidentally named the same as http://code.activestate.com/recipes/496702/ |
| 12 | + |
| 13 | +import re |
| 14 | + |
| 15 | + |
| 16 | +class TempliteSyntaxError(ValueError): |
| 17 | + """Raised when a template has a syntax error.""" |
| 18 | + |
| 19 | + |
| 20 | +class TempliteValueError(ValueError): |
| 21 | + """Raised when an expression won't evaluate in a template.""" |
| 22 | + |
| 23 | + |
| 24 | +class CodeBuilder: |
| 25 | + """Build source code conveniently.""" |
| 26 | + |
| 27 | + def __init__(self, indent=0): |
| 28 | + self.code = [] |
| 29 | + self.indent_level = indent |
| 30 | + |
| 31 | + def __str__(self): |
| 32 | + return "".join(str(c) for c in self.code) |
| 33 | + |
| 34 | + def add_line(self, line): |
| 35 | + """Add a line of source to the code. |
| 36 | +
|
| 37 | + Indentation and newline will be added for you, don't provide them. |
| 38 | +
|
| 39 | + """ |
| 40 | + self.code.extend([" " * self.indent_level, line, "\n"]) |
| 41 | + |
| 42 | + def add_section(self): |
| 43 | + """Add a section, a sub-CodeBuilder.""" |
| 44 | + section = CodeBuilder(self.indent_level) |
| 45 | + self.code.append(section) |
| 46 | + return section |
| 47 | + |
| 48 | + INDENT_STEP = 4 # PEP8 says so! |
| 49 | + |
| 50 | + def indent(self): |
| 51 | + """Increase the current indent for following lines.""" |
| 52 | + self.indent_level += self.INDENT_STEP |
| 53 | + |
| 54 | + def dedent(self): |
| 55 | + """Decrease the current indent for following lines.""" |
| 56 | + self.indent_level -= self.INDENT_STEP |
| 57 | + |
| 58 | + def get_globals(self): |
| 59 | + """Execute the code, and return a dict of globals it defines.""" |
| 60 | + # A check that the caller really finished all the blocks they started. |
| 61 | + assert self.indent_level == 0 |
| 62 | + # Get the Python source as a single string. |
| 63 | + python_source = str(self) |
| 64 | + # Execute the source, defining globals, and return them. |
| 65 | + global_namespace = {} |
| 66 | + exec(python_source, global_namespace) |
| 67 | + return global_namespace |
| 68 | + |
| 69 | + |
| 70 | +class Templite: |
| 71 | + """A simple template renderer, for a nano-subset of Django syntax. |
| 72 | +
|
| 73 | + Supported constructs are extended variable access:: |
| 74 | +
|
| 75 | + {{var.modifier.modifier|filter|filter}} |
| 76 | +
|
| 77 | + loops:: |
| 78 | +
|
| 79 | + {% for var in list %}...{% endfor %} |
| 80 | +
|
| 81 | + and ifs:: |
| 82 | +
|
| 83 | + {% if var %}...{% endif %} |
| 84 | +
|
| 85 | + Comments are within curly-hash markers:: |
| 86 | +
|
| 87 | + {# This will be ignored #} |
| 88 | +
|
| 89 | + Lines between `{% joined %}` and `{% endjoined %}` will have lines stripped |
| 90 | + and joined. Be careful, this could join words together! |
| 91 | +
|
| 92 | + Any of these constructs can have a hyphen at the end (`-}}`, `-%}`, `-#}`), |
| 93 | + which will collapse the whitespace following the tag. |
| 94 | +
|
| 95 | + Construct a Templite with the template text, then use `render` against a |
| 96 | + dictionary context to create a finished string:: |
| 97 | +
|
| 98 | + templite = Templite(''' |
| 99 | + <h1>Hello {{name|upper}}!</h1> |
| 100 | + {% for topic in topics %} |
| 101 | + <p>You are interested in {{topic}}.</p> |
| 102 | + {% endif %} |
| 103 | + ''', |
| 104 | + {'upper': str.upper}, |
| 105 | + ) |
| 106 | + text = templite.render({ |
| 107 | + 'name': "Ned", |
| 108 | + 'topics': ['Python', 'Geometry', 'Juggling'], |
| 109 | + }) |
| 110 | +
|
| 111 | + """ |
| 112 | + |
| 113 | + def __init__(self, text, *contexts): |
| 114 | + """Construct a Templite with the given `text`. |
| 115 | +
|
| 116 | + `contexts` are dictionaries of values to use for future renderings. |
| 117 | + These are good for filters and global values. |
| 118 | +
|
| 119 | + """ |
| 120 | + self.context = {} |
| 121 | + for context in contexts: |
| 122 | + self.context.update(context) |
| 123 | + |
| 124 | + self.all_vars = set() |
| 125 | + self.loop_vars = set() |
| 126 | + |
| 127 | + # We construct a function in source form, then compile it and hold onto |
| 128 | + # it, and execute it to render the template. |
| 129 | + code = CodeBuilder() |
| 130 | + |
| 131 | + code.add_line("def render_function(context, do_dots):") |
| 132 | + code.indent() |
| 133 | + vars_code = code.add_section() |
| 134 | + code.add_line("result = []") |
| 135 | + code.add_line("append_result = result.append") |
| 136 | + code.add_line("extend_result = result.extend") |
| 137 | + code.add_line("to_str = str") |
| 138 | + |
| 139 | + buffered = [] |
| 140 | + |
| 141 | + def flush_output(): |
| 142 | + """Force `buffered` to the code builder.""" |
| 143 | + if len(buffered) == 1: |
| 144 | + code.add_line("append_result(%s)" % buffered[0]) |
| 145 | + elif len(buffered) > 1: |
| 146 | + code.add_line("extend_result([%s])" % ", ".join(buffered)) |
| 147 | + del buffered[:] |
| 148 | + |
| 149 | + ops_stack = [] |
| 150 | + |
| 151 | + # Split the text to form a list of tokens. |
| 152 | + tokens = re.split(r"(?s)({{.*?}}|{%.*?%}|{#.*?#})", text) |
| 153 | + |
| 154 | + squash = in_joined = False |
| 155 | + |
| 156 | + self.__process(buffered, code, flush_output, in_joined, ops_stack, squash, tokens) |
| 157 | + |
| 158 | + if ops_stack: |
| 159 | + self._syntax_error("Unmatched action tag", ops_stack[-1]) |
| 160 | + |
| 161 | + flush_output() |
| 162 | + |
| 163 | + for var_name in self.all_vars - self.loop_vars: |
| 164 | + vars_code.add_line("c_%s = context[%r]" % (var_name, var_name)) |
| 165 | + |
| 166 | + code.add_line('return "".join(result)') |
| 167 | + code.dedent() |
| 168 | + self._render_function = code.get_globals()['render_function'] |
| 169 | + |
| 170 | + def __process(self, buffered, code, flush_output, in_joined, ops_stack, squash, tokens): |
| 171 | + for token in tokens: |
| 172 | + if token.startswith('{'): |
| 173 | + start, end = 2, -2 |
| 174 | + squash = (token[-3] == '-') |
| 175 | + if squash: |
| 176 | + end = -3 |
| 177 | + |
| 178 | + if token.startswith('{#'): |
| 179 | + # Comment: ignore it and move on. |
| 180 | + continue |
| 181 | + if token.startswith('{{'): |
| 182 | + # An expression to evaluate. |
| 183 | + expr = self._expr_code(token[start:end].strip()) |
| 184 | + buffered.append("to_str(%s)" % expr) |
| 185 | + else: |
| 186 | + # token.startswith('{%') |
| 187 | + # Action tag: split into words and parse further. |
| 188 | + flush_output() |
| 189 | + |
| 190 | + words = token[start:end].strip().split() |
| 191 | + if words[0] == 'if': |
| 192 | + # An if statement: evaluate the expression to determine if. |
| 193 | + if len(words) != 2: |
| 194 | + self._syntax_error("Don't understand if", token) |
| 195 | + ops_stack.append('if') |
| 196 | + code.add_line("if %s:" % self._expr_code(words[1])) |
| 197 | + code.indent() |
| 198 | + elif words[0] == 'for': |
| 199 | + # A loop: iterate over expression result. |
| 200 | + if len(words) != 4 or words[2] != 'in': |
| 201 | + self._syntax_error("Don't understand for", token) |
| 202 | + ops_stack.append('for') |
| 203 | + self._variable(words[1], self.loop_vars) |
| 204 | + code.add_line( |
| 205 | + "for c_%s in %s:" % ( |
| 206 | + words[1], |
| 207 | + self._expr_code(words[3]) |
| 208 | + ) |
| 209 | + ) |
| 210 | + code.indent() |
| 211 | + elif words[0] == 'joined': |
| 212 | + ops_stack.append('joined') |
| 213 | + in_joined = True |
| 214 | + elif words[0].startswith('end'): |
| 215 | + # Endsomething. Pop the ops stack. |
| 216 | + if len(words) != 1: |
| 217 | + self._syntax_error("Don't understand end", token) |
| 218 | + end_what = words[0][3:] |
| 219 | + if not ops_stack: |
| 220 | + self._syntax_error("Too many ends", token) |
| 221 | + start_what = ops_stack.pop() |
| 222 | + if start_what != end_what: |
| 223 | + self._syntax_error("Mismatched end tag", end_what) |
| 224 | + if end_what == 'joined': |
| 225 | + in_joined = False |
| 226 | + else: |
| 227 | + code.dedent() |
| 228 | + else: |
| 229 | + self._syntax_error("Don't understand tag", words[0]) |
| 230 | + else: |
| 231 | + # Literal content. If it isn't empty, output it. |
| 232 | + if in_joined: |
| 233 | + token = re.sub(r"\s*\n\s*", "", token.strip()) |
| 234 | + elif squash: |
| 235 | + token = token.lstrip() |
| 236 | + if token: |
| 237 | + buffered.append(repr(token)) |
| 238 | + |
| 239 | + def _expr_code(self, expr): |
| 240 | + """Generate a Python expression for `expr`.""" |
| 241 | + if "|" in expr: |
| 242 | + pipes = expr.split("|") |
| 243 | + code = self._expr_code(pipes[0]) |
| 244 | + for func in pipes[1:]: |
| 245 | + self._variable(func, self.all_vars) |
| 246 | + code = "c_%s(%s)" % (func, code) |
| 247 | + elif "." in expr: |
| 248 | + dots = expr.split(".") |
| 249 | + code = self._expr_code(dots[0]) |
| 250 | + args = ", ".join(repr(d) for d in dots[1:]) |
| 251 | + code = "do_dots(%s, %s)" % (code, args) |
| 252 | + else: |
| 253 | + self._variable(expr, self.all_vars) |
| 254 | + code = "c_%s" % expr |
| 255 | + return code |
| 256 | + |
| 257 | + def _syntax_error(self, msg, thing): |
| 258 | + """Raise a syntax error using `msg`, and showing `thing`.""" |
| 259 | + raise TempliteSyntaxError("%s: %r" % (msg, thing)) |
| 260 | + |
| 261 | + def _variable(self, name, vars_set): |
| 262 | + """Track that `name` is used as a variable. |
| 263 | +
|
| 264 | + Adds the name to `vars_set`, a set of variable names. |
| 265 | +
|
| 266 | + Raises an syntax error if `name` is not a valid name. |
| 267 | +
|
| 268 | + """ |
| 269 | + if not re.match(r"[_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*$", name): |
| 270 | + self._syntax_error("Not a valid name", name) |
| 271 | + vars_set.add(name) |
| 272 | + |
| 273 | + def render(self, context=None): |
| 274 | + """Render this template by applying it to `context`. |
| 275 | +
|
| 276 | + `context` is a dictionary of values to use in this rendering. |
| 277 | +
|
| 278 | + """ |
| 279 | + # Make the complete context we'll use. |
| 280 | + render_context = dict(self.context) |
| 281 | + if context: |
| 282 | + render_context.update(context) |
| 283 | + return self._render_function(render_context, self._do_dots) |
| 284 | + |
| 285 | + def _do_dots(self, value, *dots): |
| 286 | + """Evaluate dotted expressions at run-time.""" |
| 287 | + for dot in dots: |
| 288 | + try: |
| 289 | + value = getattr(value, dot) |
| 290 | + except AttributeError: |
| 291 | + try: |
| 292 | + value = value[dot] |
| 293 | + except (TypeError, KeyError) as e: |
| 294 | + raise TempliteValueError( |
| 295 | + "Couldn't evaluate %r.%s" % (value, dot) |
| 296 | + ) from e |
| 297 | + if callable(value): |
| 298 | + value = value() |
| 299 | + return value |
0 commit comments