Merge pull request #24 from csalmeida/challenge/ruby-blanks

Challenge: Ruby Blanks

Author: csalmeida

README.md

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ Introduction to core features of the [Ruby](https://www.ruby-lang.org) programmi
 - [Scripting](#scripting)
   - [Best Practices](#best-practices)
   - [Exit a running script](#exit-a-running-script)
+  - [Input and output](#input-and-output)
   - [Challenge: Guessing Game](challenges/guessing-game.rb)
 - [Enumerables and Code Blocks](#enumerables-and-code-blocks)
   - [Enumerables](#enumerables)
@@ -121,7 +122,7 @@ Using `ri` allows documentation to be accessed offline if needed.
 ## Challenges
 There are a few challenges that were completed to solidify knowledge for each chapter. Consult [`/challenges`](challenges/) to access them, both include a file with the challenge and another with a `solution.rb`.
 
-> Challenges were designed by [Kevin Skoglund](https://twitter.com/kskoglund) for the [Ruby Essential Training course](https://www.lynda.com/Ruby-tutorials/Challenge-Roman-numerals/769286/807388-4.html) (linda.com)
+> Challenges were designed by [Kevin Skoglund](https://twitter.com/kskoglund) for the [Ruby Essential Training: 1 The Basics](https://www.linkedin.com/learning/ruby-essential-training-1-the-basics/) (linkedin.com)
 
 # Object Types
 An introduction to the various object types (also referred as data types) available in Ruby and how they work.
@@ -1449,4 +1450,6 @@ puts hash_1.merge(hash_2) {|key,old,new| old * new } # {:a => 6, :b => 16, :c =>
 
 Since `:b` also presents a `key` conflict even if they have the same values, the block logic also applies to it.
 
-The merge method also has a `merge!` version which replaces the contents of a hash.
+The merge method also has a `merge!` version which replaces the contents of a hash.
+
+> There's a challenge available for this chapter: [Ruby Blanks](challenges/ruby-blanks.rb)

challenges/ruby-blanks-solution-extended.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#!usr/bin/env ruby
+
+game_title = 'Ruby Blanks Game'
+
+# Wraps the game title with dashes.
+game_title = "| #{game_title} |"
+game_title.length.times do
+  print '-'
+end
+
+puts "\n#{game_title}"
+
+game_title.length.times do
+  print '-'
+end
+puts
+
+# Sets a value to look for blanks in sentences.
+BLANK_FLAG = '-----'
+# Stores all sentences and types of blanks in a single place.
+SENTENCES = [
+  {
+    :text => "I went to visit a #{BLANK_FLAG} and found a #{BLANK_FLAG}, it looked #{BLANK_FLAG} so I started to #{BLANK_FLAG}.",
+    :blanks => ['noun', 'noun', 'adjective', 'verb']
+  },
+  {
+    :text => "Next thing you know, the #{BLANK_FLAG} was having a #{BLANK_FLAG} like everyone else. It was #{BLANK_FLAG} and #{BLANK_FLAG}.",
+    :blanks => ['noun', 'verb', 'adjective', 'adjective']
+  }
+]
+
+# Selects a random sentence from the available ones.
+random_position = rand(0..(SENTENCES.length - 1)) 
+selected_sentence = SENTENCES[random_position]
+
+# Prompts user to fill in the blanks, one by one.
+# Assigns answers to a responses array.
+# The array will have the same items as blanks as a map is being executed.
+responses = selected_sentence[:blanks].map do |blank|
+  indefinite_article = blank.start_with?('a') ? 'an' : 'a'
+  print "Give me #{indefinite_article} #{blank}: "
+  response = gets.chomp
+end
+
+# Converts sentence into an array enumerable to become easier to iterate through.
+selected_sentence[:text] = selected_sentence[:text].split(' ')
+
+# This index is used to assign responses to the blanks.
+index = -1
+# Creates a sentence with the responses by checking if word has a a blank to be filled.
+# It replaces only the blank with the response in order to keep punctuation, if existent.
+complete_sentence = selected_sentence[:text].map do |word|
+  if word.include?(BLANK_FLAG)
+    index += 1
+    word.sub!(BLANK_FLAG, responses[index])
+  else
+    word
+  end 
+end
+
+# Turns sentence into a string to be displayed to the user.
+puts complete_sentence.join(' ')

challenges/ruby-blanks-solution.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!usr/bin/env ruby
+
+# Title of the game
+puts '-' * 19
+puts '| Ruby Blanks Game|'
+puts '-' * 19
+
+# Sets a value to look for blanks in sentences.
+blanks = ['noun', 'noun', 'adjective', 'verb']
+
+# Prompts user to fill in the blanks, one by one.
+answers = blanks.map do |blank|
+  indefinite_article = blank.start_with?('a') ? 'an' : 'a'
+  print "Give me #{indefinite_article} #{blank}: "
+  response = gets.chomp
+end
+
+# Fills the blanks in the sentence with captured answers.
+text = "I went to visit a #{answers[0]} and found a #{answers[1]}, it looked #{answers[2]} so I started to #{answers[3]}."
+
+# Shows complete sentence to the user.
+puts text

challenges/ruby-blanks.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!usr/bin/env ruby
+# Challenge: Ruby Blanks
+# Create a fill-in-the-blank game (known as Mad Libs).
+# Think of one or more sentences to with blanks to be completed.
+# For instance: "I decided to _____ a _____ party for my _____."
+# The sentence is not revealed before the blanks are filled in. 
+# The blanks could be a noun, a verb or an adjective, add these types to an array.
+# Ask the user to give you words for each one of those.
+# For instance: "Give me a verb: <user types here>"
+#               "Give me a adjective: <user types here>"
+# Output the whole sentence with the words the user chose.