Operating System Modules.py

import os

# Getting Current Directory
# We use the getcwd() function of the os module to get the path to the current directory.
current_dir = os.getcwd()
print(current_dir)
os.rmdir("OS")
# When you run the code, the current working directory that is the directory containing our Python file is printed.
"""
# Changing Directory
# In Python, we can change the current working directory by using the chdir() function of the os module.
# As we saw previously, the present working directory is the directory containing our Python file. 
# Let's change the current working directory
current_dir = os.getcwd()
print(current_dir)
os.chdir("/path/new/location")  # i.e. C:/Users/Danish Khan/PycharmProjects/Python/Example
print(os.getcwd())
# <your file directory location>
# <new location>
# Note: Now if we create a file inside the current directory, our file will be created inside <new location>.
current_dir = os.getcwd()
print(current_dir)
os.chdir("<new location>")
with open("test.txt", "w") as f:
    f.write("This is a test file.")
# We can see the test.txt file is created inside the current working directory which is <new location>.

# Listing all Directories and Files
# All files and subdirectories inside a directory can be retrieved using the listdir() function of the os module.
print(os.listdir('path or it will print current directory files')) 
# This function returns a list containing all files and subdirectories in the current working directory.
# We can also pass an optional path argument to listdir() to return files and subdirectories from a specific path.
print(os.listdir("<path>"))

# Making a New Directory
# We can create a new directory using the mkdir() function of the os module.
os.mkdir("test")
# This creates a new test directory in our current directory.

# Renaming a Directory or a File
# We can rename any directory or file using the os.rename() function which takes in 2 arguments: old name and new name.
# rename directory or file
os.rename('<old_name>', '<new_name>')

# Removing Directory or File
# We can remove a file using the remove() function of the os module.
print(os.listdir())
os.remove("<filename>")
print(os.listdir())
# After running this code, the file is deleted, so the second os.listdir() will not list the file.

# To remove a directory, we use the rmdir() function.
print(os.listdir())
os.rmdir("<Directory name>")
print(os.listdir())
# Note: One thing we need to remember when removing a directory is that the directory must be empty. Otherwise,
# an exception will be raised.
"""