feat(meta-client): add cache crate for databend-meta service

Crate `databend-common-meta-cache` provide a process-wide in memory
cache for databend-meta service.
It stores a continous range of key values locally and watches the
updates on a remote databend-meta and continously apply new changes to
local store.

The cache may be obsolete if the connection to the datbend-meta service
is unstable. Although in the background it keep trying to re-connecting.

This cache requires at least databend-meta 1.2.677; if the server is
older the cache returns a `Unsupported` error when accessing it.

Usage:

```rust
let client = MetaGrpcClient::try_create(/*..*/);
let cache = Cache::new(
        client,
        "your/cache/key/space/in/meta/service",
        "your-app-name-for-logging",
).await;

let value = cache.try_get("key").await?;
```

Author: drmingdrmer

Cargo.lock

@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ members = [
     "src/meta/app",
     "src/meta/app-types",
     "src/meta/binaries",
+    "src/meta/cache",
     "src/meta/client",
     "src/meta/control",
     "src/meta/ee",
@@ -141,6 +142,7 @@ databend-common-management = { path = "src/query/management" }
 databend-common-meta-api = { path = "src/meta/api" }
 databend-common-meta-app = { path = "src/meta/app" }
 databend-common-meta-app-types = { path = "src/meta/app-types" }
+databend-common-meta-cache = { path = "src/meta/cache" }
 databend-common-meta-client = { path = "src/meta/client" }
 databend-common-meta-control = { path = "src/meta/control" }
 databend-common-meta-embedded = { path = "src/meta/embedded" }

Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+[package]
+name = "databend-common-meta-cache"
+description = """
+A distributed cache implementation that:
+- Maintains a local view of data stored in the meta-service
+- Automatically synchronizes with the meta-service via watch API
+- Provides safe concurrent access with two-level locking
+- Handles connection failures with automatic recovery
+- Ensures data consistency through sequence number tracking
+"""
+version = { workspace = true }
+authors = { workspace = true }
+license = { workspace = true }
+publish = { workspace = true }
+edition = { workspace = true }
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[lib]
+doctest = false
+test = true
+
+[dependencies]
+databend-common-base = { workspace = true }
+databend-common-meta-client = { workspace = true }
+databend-common-meta-types = { workspace = true }
+futures = { workspace = true }
+log = { workspace = true }
+thiserror = { workspace = true }
+tokio = { workspace = true }
+tonic = { workspace = true }
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+anyhow = { workspace = true }
+pretty_assertions = { workspace = true }
+
+[lints]
+workspace = true

src/meta/cache/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+# Databend Common Meta Cache
+
+A distributed cache implementation based on meta-service, providing reliable resource management and data synchronization across distributed systems.
+
+
+## Features
+
+- **Automatic Synchronization**: Background watcher task keeps local cache in sync with meta-service
+- **Concurrency Control**: Two-level concurrency control mechanism for safe access
+- **Event-based Updates**: Real-time updates through meta-service watch API
+- **Safe Reconnection**: Automatic recovery from connection failures with state consistency
+
+## Key Components
+
+### Cache Structure
+
+```text
+<prefix>/foo
+<prefix>/..
+<prefix>/..
+```
+
+- `<prefix>`: User-defined string to identify a cache instance
+
+### Main Types
+
+- `Cache`: The main entry point for cache operations
+  - Provides safe access to cached data
+- `CacheData`: Internal data structure holding the cached values
+- `EventWatcher`: Background task that watches for changes in meta-service
+  - Handles synchronization with meta-service
+
+## Usage
+
+```rust
+let client = MetaGrpcClient::try_create(/*..*/);
+let cache = Cache::new(
+        client,
+        "your/cache/key/space/in/meta/service",
+        "your-app-name-for-logging",
+).await;
+
+// Access cached data
+cache.try_access(|c: &CacheData| {
+    println!("last-seq:{}", c.last_seq);
+    println!("all data: {:?}", c.data);
+}).await?;
+
+// Get a specific value
+let value = cache.try_get("key").await?;
+
+// List all entries under a prefix
+let entries = cache.try_list_dir("prefix").await?;
+```
+
+## Concurrency Control
+
+The cache employs a two-level concurrency control mechanism:
+
+1. **Internal Lock (Mutex)**: Protects concurrent access between user operations and the background cache updater. This lock is held briefly during each operation.
+
+2. **External Lock (Method Design)**: Public methods require `&mut self` even for read-only operations. This prevents concurrent access to the cache instance from multiple call sites. External synchronization should be implemented by the caller if needed.
+
+This design intentionally separates concerns:
+- The internal lock handles short-term, fine-grained synchronization with the updater
+- The external lock requirement (`&mut self`) enables longer-duration access patterns without blocking the background updater unnecessarily
+
+Note that despite requiring `&mut self`, all operations are logically read-only with respect to the cache's public API.
+
+## Initialization Process
+
+When a `Cache` is created, it goes through the following steps:
+
+1. Creates a new instance with specified prefix and context
+2. Spawns a background task to watch for key-value changes
+3. Establishes a watch stream to meta-service
+4. Fetches and processes initial data
+5. Waits for the cache to be fully initialized before returning
+6. Maintains continuous synchronization
+
+The initialization is complete only when the cache has received a full copy of the data from meta-service, ensuring users see a consistent view of the data.
+
+## Error Handling
+
+The cache implements robust error handling:
+
+- Connection failures are automatically retried in the background
+- Background watcher task automatically recovers from errors
+- Users are shielded from transient errors through the abstraction
+- The cache ensures data consistency by tracking sequence numbers
+
+## License
+
+This project is licensed under the Apache License 2.0 - see the LICENSE file for details.