Consolidate loops in SqlMapRequiredColumnAliasesVisitor (#1678)

This PR consolidates a couple of loops in
`SqlMapRequiredColumnAliasesVisitor` and replaces `.add_alias()` calls
with `.add_aliases()` to reduce nesting. There are no logic changes in
this PR, and this is mainly to make
#1679 a simple change given
the complexity in that class.

There is some additional consolidation that can be done with other
loops, but leaving those out of scope.

metricflow/sql/optimizer/column_pruning/required_column_aliases.py

@@ -234,26 +234,24 @@ def visit_select_statement_node(self, node: SqlSelectStatementNode) -> None:
                         column_aliases=aliases_required_in_parent,
                     )
 
-        # For all string columns, assume that they are needed from all sources since we don't have a table alias
-        # in SqlStringExpression.used_columns
+        # Find instances where a column alias is referenced without a table alias. The two cases are:
+        # * String expressions like`col_0 + col_1` where a string is used instead of the corresponding SQL object.
+        # * `SqlColumnAliasReferenceExpression` - e.g. `SELECT col_0` instead of `SELECT table_0.col_0`
+        column_aliases_to_retain: Set[str] = set()
         for string_expr in exprs_used_in_this_node.string_exprs:
             if string_expr.used_columns:
-                for column_alias in string_expr.used_columns:
-                    for node_to_retain_columns in (node.from_source,) + tuple(
-                        join_desc.right_source for join_desc in node.join_descs
-                    ):
-                        self._current_required_column_alias_mapping.add_alias(node_to_retain_columns, column_alias)
-
-        # Same with unqualified column references - it's hard to tell which source it came from, so it's safest to say
-        # it's required from all parents.
-        # An unqualified column reference expression is like `SELECT col_0` whereas a qualified column reference
-        # expression is like `SELECT table_0.col_0`.
+                column_aliases_to_retain.update(column_alias for column_alias in string_expr.used_columns)
+
         for unqualified_column_reference_expr in exprs_used_in_this_node.column_alias_reference_exprs:
-            column_alias = unqualified_column_reference_expr.column_alias
-            for node_to_retain_columns in (node.from_source,) + tuple(
-                join_desc.right_source for join_desc in node.join_descs
-            ):
-                self._current_required_column_alias_mapping.add_alias(node_to_retain_columns, column_alias)
+            column_aliases_to_retain.add(unqualified_column_reference_expr.column_alias)
+
+        # Assume those column aliases are needed from all sources as it may not be possible to know which source it
+        # comes from based on the SQL (e.g. if a query reads from two tables, you would need to know the table schema
+        # to know which table the column resides)
+        for node_to_retain_columns in (node.from_source,) + tuple(
+            join_desc.right_source for join_desc in node.join_descs
+        ):
+            self._current_required_column_alias_mapping.add_aliases(node_to_retain_columns, column_aliases_to_retain)
 
         # Visit recursively.
         self._visit_parents(node)