Update build containers

[richlander]

The following container references need to be updated in all active branches.

aspnetcore/.azure/pipelines/ci.yml

Lines 129 to 133 in a4ca931

	image: mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet-buildtools/prereqs:alpine-3.19-WithNode
	mariner20CrossArmAlpine:
	image: mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet-buildtools/prereqs:cbl-mariner-2.0-cross-arm-alpine
	mariner20CrossArm64Alpine:
	image: mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet-buildtools/prereqs:cbl-mariner-2.0-cross-arm64-alpine

There are two issues at play:

• Mariner 2.0 is going away in June. We need to remove all references to it before then.
• We have adopted new schemes for build images.
  • https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/main/docs/workflow/using-docker.md
  • https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/release/8.0/docs/workflow/building/coreclr/linux-instructions.md#docker-images
  • We no longer produce the WithNode Alpine variant
  • Do you need runtime build images? Is a regular SDK image sufficient or are you building native code?

Related: dotnet/runtime#112191

[richlander]

@sbomer @jkoritzinsky @mthalman @wtgodbe