20.py

class Solution:
    def isValid(_, s: str) -> bool:
        parenthese_stack = [] 
        try:
            for char in list(s): 
                if char in ["(", "{", "["]:
                    parenthese_stack.append(char)
                elif char == ")" and parenthese_stack[-1] == "(":
                    del parenthese_stack[-1]
                elif char == "}" and parenthese_stack[-1] == "{":
                    del parenthese_stack[-1]          
                elif char == "]" and parenthese_stack[-1] == "[":
                    del parenthese_stack[-1]
                else:
                    return False
            if parenthese_stack != []:
                return False
            else:
                return True
        except:
            return False


"""
20. Valid Parentheses
Given a string s containing just the characters '(', ')', '{', '}', '[' and ']', determine if the input string is valid.

An input string is valid if:
1. Open brackets must be closed by the same type of brackets.
2. Open brackets must be closed in the correct order.
 
Example 1:
Input: s = "()"
Output: true

Example 2:
Input: s = "()[]{}"
Output: true

Example 3:
Input: s = "(]"
Output: false

Example 4:
Input: s = "([)]"
Output: false

Example 5:
Input: s = "{[]}"
Output: true
 
Constraints:
1 <= s.length <= 104
s consists of parentheses only '()[]{}'.

가장 최근에 열린 괄호 유형부터 순차적으로 닫혀야 함. 스택과 동일한 구조. 
새로운 괄호는 계속 열려도 됨. 닫히는 순서 & 여부 고려.
"""

# Testcase 

s = Solution()
print(s.isValid('()[]'))   # True
print(s.isValid('()[]{}')) # True
print(s.isValid('([)]'))   # False
print(s.isValid('{[]}'))   # True
print(s.isValid('(]'))     # False
print(s.isValid('('))      # False
print(s.isValid('[([]])')) # False
print(s.isValid("[([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([([()])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])])]")) # True