| description | title | ms.date | f1_keywords | helpviewer_keywords | ms.assetid | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Learn more about: final Specifier |
final Specifier |
11/04/2016 |
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649866d0-79d4-449f-ab74-f84b911b79a3 |
You can use the final keyword to designate virtual functions that cannot be overridden in a derived class. You can also use it to designate classes that cannot be inherited.
function-declaration final;
class class-name final base-classes
final is context-sensitive and has special meaning only when it's used after a function declaration or class name; otherwise, it's not a reserved keyword.
When final is used in class declarations, base-classes is an optional part of the declaration.
The following example uses the final keyword to specify that a virtual function cannot be overridden.
class BaseClass
{
virtual void func() final;
};
class DerivedClass: public BaseClass
{
virtual void func(); // compiler error: attempting to
// override a final function
};For information about how to specify that member functions can be overridden, see override Specifier.
The next example uses the final keyword to specify that a class cannot be inherited.
class BaseClass final
{
};
class DerivedClass: public BaseClass // compiler error: BaseClass is
// marked as non-inheritable
{
};