Create Samples directory on application start (#12299)

close #12267

Changelog:
- update: create the `version_info.json` in the `userData` directory with the version of the launched application
- update: download the project templates into the `Samples` directory if the version changed and if the directory does not exist

# Important Notes
One caveat is that until #12290 is fixed, the Samples directory will always be recreated if the user removes it.

app/ide-desktop/client/src/index.ts

@@ -99,6 +99,10 @@ class App {
         this.setChromeOptions(chromeOptions)
         security.enableAll()
 
+        this.onStart().catch((err) => {
+          logger.error(err)
+        })
+
         electron.app.on('before-quit', () => {
           this.isQuitting = true
         })
@@ -151,6 +155,33 @@ class App {
     }
   }
 
+  /** Background tasks scheduled on the application startup. */
+  async onStart() {
+    const userData = electron.app.getPath('userData')
+    const versionInfoPath = pathModule.join(userData, 'version_info.json')
+    const versionInfoPathExists = await fs
+      .access(versionInfoPath, fs.constants.F_OK)
+      .then(() => true)
+      .catch(() => false)
+
+    if (versionInfoPathExists) {
+      const versionInfoText = await fs.readFile(versionInfoPath, 'utf8')
+      const versionInfoJson = JSON.parse(versionInfoText)
+
+      if (debug.VERSION_INFO.version === versionInfoJson.version && !contentConfig.VERSION.isDev())
+        return
+    }
+
+    const writeVersionInfoPromise = fs.writeFile(
+      versionInfoPath,
+      JSON.stringify(debug.VERSION_INFO),
+      'utf8',
+    )
+    const downloadSamplesPromise = projectManagement.downloadSamples()
+
+    return Promise.allSettled([writeVersionInfoPromise, downloadSamplesPromise])
+  }
+
   /** Process the command line arguments. */
   processArguments(args = fileAssociations.CLIENT_ARGUMENTS) {
     // We parse only "client arguments", so we don't have to worry about the Electron-Dev vs

app/ide-desktop/client/src/projectManagement.ts

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
  */
 import * as crypto from 'node:crypto'
 import * as fs from 'node:fs'
+import * as https from 'node:https'
 import * as os from 'node:os'
 import * as pathModule from 'node:path'
 import type * as stream from 'node:stream'
@@ -33,6 +34,9 @@ export const PROJECT_METADATA_RELATIVE_PATH = '.enso/project.json'
 /** The filename suffix for the project bundle, including the leading period character. */
 const BUNDLED_PROJECT_SUFFIX = '.enso-project'
 
+const SAMPLES_URL = 'https://github.com/enso-org/project-templates/archive/refs/heads/main.tar.gz'
+const SAMPLES_DIRECTORY_NAME = 'Samples'
+
 // ===================
 // === ProjectInfo ===
 // ===================
@@ -460,3 +464,40 @@ export function bumpMetadata(
   })).id
   return { id, name, parentDirectory }
 }
+
+/** Download project templates GitHub repo into the Samples directory if one not exists. */
+export async function downloadSamples(): Promise<void> {
+  logger.log('Downloading samples.')
+
+  const samplesDirectory = pathModule.join(getProjectsDirectory(), SAMPLES_DIRECTORY_NAME)
+
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    fs.access(samplesDirectory, fs.constants.F_OK, (err) => {
+      if (err == null) {
+        return resolve()
+      }
+      fs.mkdir(samplesDirectory, { recursive: true }, (err) => {
+        if (err != null) {
+          logger.error(err)
+          return reject(err)
+        }
+        https.get(SAMPLES_URL, (redirectResponse) => {
+          const location = redirectResponse.headers.location
+          if (location) {
+            https.get(location, (response) => {
+              response
+                .pipe(
+                  tar.x({
+                    C: samplesDirectory,
+                    strip: 1,
+                  }),
+                )
+                .on('end', () => resolve())
+                .on('error', reject)
+            })
+          }
+        })
+      })
+    })
+  })
+}