Statically checking function arguments and handling conversions in type inference

[radeusgd]

Next steps of #9811.

• Implementing checking if the provided argument type (if known) matches the expected parameter type from the method.
• To do so, also need to implement Conversions (as a type matches even if no direct match but there is a conversion in scope).
• See what work from intersection types is needed.

[enso-bot]

Radosław Waśko reports a new STANDUP for yesterday (2025-02-24):

Progress: Implemented PoC for static conversion resolution, got basic type checking tests passing. It should be finished by 2025-02-26.

Next Day: Next day I will be working on the same task. Fix a few tests, run on Base to see what results would be.

[enso-bot]

Radosław Waśko reports a new STANDUP for today (2025-02-25):

Progress: Implemented reporting basic type mismatch warnings. Maturing the PR (adding some tests, implementing missing paths, cleaning up the code). Some final touches to discarded value PR. Also updated the align method precedence PR and updated the static analysis implementation to pass the added tests. All 3 PRs are ready for review. It should be finished by 2025-02-27.

Next Day: Next day I will be working on the #12357 task. Start work on Numeric_Column