(#454) (#597) Fix @Inject + @wraps, refactor patched callables registry and injections storage principles (#610)

* Refactor patched callables registry and injections storage principles

* Rename properties of PatchedRegistry

* Add typing improvements in wiring module

* Add __slots__ for PatchedAttribute

* Minor code style fixes

* Add test

* Rename test

* Update typing in test

* Make minor style fixes to test

* Update changelog

* Add documentation on the @Inject decorator

Author: rmk135

docs/main/changelog.rst

@@ -11,7 +11,13 @@ follows `Semantic versioning`_
 Development
 -----------
 - Add ``Configuration.from_json()`` method to load configuration from a json file.
+- Fix bug with wiring not working properly with functions double wrapped by ``@functools.wraps`` decorator.
+  See issue: `#454 <https://github.com/ets-labs/python-dependency-injector/issues/454>`_.
+  Many thanks to: `@platipo <https://github.com/platipo>`_, `@MatthieuMoreau0 <https://github.com/MatthieuMoreau0>`_,
+  `@fabiocerqueira <https://github.com/fabiocerqueira>`_, `@Jitesh-Khuttan <https://github.com/Jitesh-Khuttan>`_.
+- Refactor wiring module to store all patched callable data in the ``PatchedRegistry``.
 - Improve wording on the "Dependency injection and inversion of control in Python" docs page.
+- Add documentation on the ``@inject`` decorator.
 - Update typing in the main example and cohesion/coupling correlation definition in
   "Dependency injection and inversion of control in Python".
   Thanks to `@illia-v (Illia Volochii) <https://github.com/illia-v>`_ for the

docs/wiring.rst

@@ -22,6 +22,82 @@ To use wiring you need:
    :local:
    :backlinks: none
 
+Decorator @inject
+-----------------
+
+Decorator ``@inject`` injects the dependencies. Use it to decorate all functions and methods
+with the injections.
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+   from dependency_injector.wiring import inject, Provide
+
+
+   @inject
+   def foo(bar: Bar = Provide[Container.bar]):
+       ...
+
+Decorator ``@inject`` must be specified as a very first decorator of a function to ensure that
+the wiring works appropriately. This will also contribute to the performance of the wiring process.
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+   from dependency_injector.wiring import inject, Provide
+
+
+   @decorator_etc
+   @decorator_2
+   @decorator_1
+   @inject
+   def foo(bar: Bar = Provide[Container.bar]):
+       ...
+
+Specifying the ``@inject`` as a first decorator is also crucial for FastAPI, other frameworks
+using decorators similarly, for closures, and for any types of custom decorators with the injections.
+
+FastAPI example:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+   app = FastAPI()
+
+
+   @app.api_route("/")
+   @inject
+   async def index(service: Service = Depends(Provide[Container.service])):
+       value = await service.process()
+       return {"result": value}
+
+Decorators example:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+   def decorator1(func):
+       @functools.wraps(func)
+       @inject
+       def wrapper(value1: int = Provide[Container.config.value1]):
+           result = func()
+           return result + value1
+       return wrapper
+
+
+   def decorator2(func):
+       @functools.wraps(func)
+       @inject
+       def wrapper(value2: int = Provide[Container.config.value2]):
+           result = func()
+           return result + value2
+       return wrapper
+
+   @decorator1
+   @decorator2
+   def sample():
+       ...
+
+.. seealso::
+   `Issue #404 <https://github.com/ets-labs/python-dependency-injector/issues/404#issuecomment-785216978>`_
+   explains ``@inject`` decorator in a few more details.
+
 Markers
 -------