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lines changed Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change 1+ # 过程指针
2+
3+ 指针也可以指向过程,这时候需要先声明指针的接口,用于限制指针的类型,也就是在之前的章节中我们提到的` abstract interface `
4+
5+ ``` fortran
6+ module proc_pointer_mod
7+ implicit none
8+ abstract interface
9+ real(8) function func1d(x) result(res)
10+ real(8),intent(in)::x
11+ end function func1d
12+ end interface
13+ contains
14+ real(8) function mysin(x) result(res)
15+ real(8),intent(in)::x
16+ res=sin(x)
17+ end function mysin
18+ real(8) function myexp(x) result(res)
19+ real(8),intent(in)::x
20+ res=exp(x)
21+ end function myexp
22+ real(8) function mycos(x) result(res)
23+ real(8),intent(in)::x
24+ res=cos(x)
25+ end function mycos
26+ end module proc_pointer_mod
27+
28+ program main
29+ use proc_pointer_mod
30+ implicit none
31+ procedure(func1d),pointer::ptr=>null()
32+ ptr=>mysin
33+ write(*,*)ptr(1.0_8)
34+ ptr=>myexp
35+ write(*,*)ptr(1.0_8)
36+ ptr=>mycos
37+ write(*,*)ptr(1.0_8)
38+ end program main
39+ ```
40+ - 不能使用过程指针指向通用函数名。由于Fortran的内置函数都是经过重载的通用函数,所以也不能用过程指针指向内置函数
41+
42+ 如果定义一个过程指针数组,则需要使用到自定义类型,同时也要指定` nopass ` 关键字,用来表示不需要绑定该类型作为第一个虚参传递。
43+ ``` fortran
44+ module proc_pointer_mod
45+ implicit none
46+ abstract interface
47+ real(8) function func1d(x) result(res)
48+ real(8),intent(in)::x
49+ end function func1d
50+ end interface
51+ type ptrfunc
52+ procedure(func1d),pointer,nopass::ptr
53+ end type ptrfunc
54+ contains
55+ real(8) function mysin(x) result(res)
56+ real(8),intent(in)::x
57+ res=sin(x)
58+ end function mysin
59+ real(8) function myexp(x) result(res)
60+ real(8),intent(in)::x
61+ res=exp(x)
62+ end function myexp
63+ real(8) function mycos(x) result(res)
64+ real(8),intent(in)::x
65+ res=cos(x)
66+ end function mycos
67+ end module proc_pointer_mod
68+
69+ program main
70+ use proc_pointer_mod
71+ implicit none
72+ type(ptrfunc)::a(3)
73+ integer::i
74+ a(1)%ptr=>mysin
75+ a(2)%ptr=>myexp
76+ a(3)%ptr=>mycos
77+ write(*,*)(a(i)%ptr(1.0_8),i=1,3) !此处使用隐式循环输出
78+ end program main
79+ ```
80+
81+ - 使用过程指针后,一些操作需要转向运行时确定,所以编译器无法进行更加激进的优化(内联inline),代码的运行速度有可能会降低。
82+
83+ ## 习题
84+ - 思考为什么不使用` procedure(func1d),pointer::ptr(:) ` 来定义过程指针数组
85+
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