|
9 | 9 | 例 `6-2`。 如何定义 `ArrayList`
|
10 | 10 |
|
11 | 11 | ```java
|
12 |
| - import java.util.*; |
13 |
| - class ArrayList<E> extends AbstractList<E> implements RandomAccess { |
14 |
| - private E[] arr; |
15 |
| - private int size = 0; |
16 |
| - public ArrayList(int cap) { |
17 |
| - if (cap < 0) |
18 |
| - throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal Capacity: "+cap); |
19 |
| - arr = (E[])new Object[cap]; // unchecked cast |
20 |
| - } |
21 |
| - public ArrayList() { this(10); } |
22 |
| - public ArrayList(Collection<? extends E> c) { this(c.size()); addAll(c); } |
23 |
| - public void ensureCapacity(int mincap) { |
24 |
| - int oldcap = arr.length; |
25 |
| - if (mincap > oldcap) { |
26 |
| - int newcap = Math.max(mincap, (oldcap*3)/2+1); |
27 |
| - E[] oldarr = arr; |
28 |
| - arr = (E[])new Object[newcap]; // unchecked cast |
29 |
| - System.arraycopy(oldarr,0,arr,0,size); |
30 |
| - } |
31 |
| - } |
32 |
| - public int size() { return size; } |
33 |
| - private void checkBounds(int i, int size) { |
34 |
| - if (i < 0 || i >= size) |
35 |
| - throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index: "+i+", Size: "+size); |
36 |
| - } |
37 |
| - public E get(int i) { checkBounds(i,size); return arr[i]; } |
38 |
| - public E set(int i, E elt) { |
39 |
| - checkBounds(i,size); E old = arr[i]; arr[i] = elt; return old; |
40 |
| - } |
41 |
| - public void add(int i, E elt) { |
42 |
| - checkBounds(i,size+1); ensureCapacity(size+1); |
43 |
| - System.arraycopy(arr,i,arr,i+1,size-i); arr[i] = elt; size++; |
44 |
| - } |
45 |
| - public E remove(int i) { |
46 |
| - checkBounds(i,size); E old = arr[i]; arr[i] = null; size--; |
47 |
| - System.arraycopy(arr,i+1,arr,i,size-i); return old; |
48 |
| - } |
49 |
| - public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) { |
50 |
| - if (a.length < size) |
51 |
| - a = (T[])java.lang.reflect.Array. // unchecked cast |
52 |
| - newInstance(a.getClass().getComponentType(), size); |
53 |
| - System.arraycopy(arr,0,a,0,size); |
54 |
| - if (size < a.length) a[size] = null; |
55 |
| - return a; |
56 |
| - } |
57 |
| - public Object[] toArray() { return toArray(new Object[0]); } |
| 12 | +import java.util.*; |
| 13 | +class ArrayList<E> extends AbstractList<E> implements RandomAccess { |
| 14 | + private E[] arr; |
| 15 | + private int size = 0; |
| 16 | + public ArrayList(int cap) { |
| 17 | + if (cap < 0) |
| 18 | + throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal Capacity: "+cap); |
| 19 | + arr = (E[])new Object[cap]; // unchecked cast |
| 20 | + } |
| 21 | + public ArrayList() { |
| 22 | + this(10); |
| 23 | + } |
| 24 | + public ArrayList(Collection<? extends E> c) { |
| 25 | + this(c.size()); |
| 26 | + addAll(c); |
| 27 | + } |
| 28 | + public void ensureCapacity(int mincap) { |
| 29 | + int oldcap = arr.length; |
| 30 | + if (mincap > oldcap) { |
| 31 | + int newcap = Math.max(mincap, (oldcap*3)/2+1); |
| 32 | + E[] oldarr = arr; |
| 33 | + arr = (E[])new Object[newcap]; // unchecked cast |
| 34 | + System.arraycopy(oldarr,0,arr,0,size); |
58 | 35 | }
|
| 36 | + } |
| 37 | + public int size() { |
| 38 | + return size; |
| 39 | + } |
| 40 | + private void checkBounds(int i, int size) { |
| 41 | + if (i < 0 || i >= size) |
| 42 | + throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index: "+i+", Size: "+size); |
| 43 | + } |
| 44 | + public E get(int i) { |
| 45 | + checkBounds(i,size); |
| 46 | + return arr[i]; |
| 47 | + } |
| 48 | + public E set(int i, E elt) { |
| 49 | + checkBounds(i,size); |
| 50 | + E old = arr[i]; |
| 51 | + arr[i] = elt; |
| 52 | + return old; |
| 53 | + } |
| 54 | + public void add(int i, E elt) { |
| 55 | + checkBounds(i,size+1); |
| 56 | + ensureCapacity(size+1); |
| 57 | + System.arraycopy(arr,i,arr,i+1,size-i); |
| 58 | + arr[i] = elt; |
| 59 | + size++; |
| 60 | + } |
| 61 | + public E remove(int i) { |
| 62 | + checkBounds(i,size); |
| 63 | + E old = arr[i]; |
| 64 | + arr[i] = null; |
| 65 | + size--; |
| 66 | + System.arraycopy(arr,i+1,arr,i,size-i); return old; |
| 67 | + } |
| 68 | + public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) { |
| 69 | + if (a.length < size) |
| 70 | + a = (T[])java.lang.reflect.Array. // unchecked cast |
| 71 | + newInstance(a.getClass().getComponentType(), size); |
| 72 | + System.arraycopy(arr,0,a,0,size); |
| 73 | + if (size < a.length) |
| 74 | + a[size] = null; |
| 75 | + return a; |
| 76 | + } |
| 77 | + public Object[] toArray() { |
| 78 | + return toArray(new Object[0]); |
| 79 | + } |
| 80 | +} |
59 | 81 | ```
|
60 | 82 |
|
61 | 83 | 在 `1.4` 节我们讨论了声明为的方法 `java.util.Arrays.asList` 如下:
|
62 | 84 |
|
63 | 85 | ```java
|
64 |
| - public static <E> List<E> asList(E... arr) |
| 86 | +public static <E> List<E> asList(E... arr) |
65 | 87 | ```
|
66 | 88 |
|
67 | 89 | 例如,这里有三个对这个方法的调用:
|
68 | 90 |
|
69 | 91 | ```java
|
70 |
| - List<Integer> a = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3); |
71 |
| - List<Integer> b = Arrays.asList(4, 5, 6); |
72 |
| - List<List<Integer>> x = Arrays.asList(a, b); // 通用数组创建 |
| 92 | +List<Integer> a = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3); |
| 93 | +List<Integer> b = Arrays.asList(4, 5, 6); |
| 94 | +List<List<Integer>> x = Arrays.asList(a, b); // 通用数组创建 |
73 | 95 | ```
|
74 | 96 |
|
75 | 97 | 回想一下,可变长度的参数列表是通过将参数打包到数组中并传递它来实现的。 因此这三个呼叫相当于以下内容:
|
76 | 98 |
|
77 | 99 | ```java
|
78 |
| - List<Integer> a = Arrays.asList(new Integer[] { 1, 2, 3 }); |
79 |
| - List<Integer> b = Arrays.asList(new Integer[] { 4, 5, 6 }); |
80 |
| - List<List<Integer>> x = Arrays.asList(new List<Integer>[] { a, b }); // 通用数组创建 |
| 100 | +List<Integer> a = Arrays.asList(new Integer[] { 1, 2, 3 }); |
| 101 | +List<Integer> b = Arrays.asList(new Integer[] { 4, 5, 6 }); |
| 102 | +List<List<Integer>> x = Arrays.asList(new List<Integer>[] { a, b }); // 通用数组创建 |
81 | 103 | ```
|
82 | 104 |
|
83 | 105 | 前两个调用很好,但由于 `List<Integer>` 不是可重用的类型,所以第三次在编译时警告未经检查的泛型数组的创建。
|
84 | 106 |
|
85 | 107 | ```java
|
86 |
| - VarargError.java:6: warning: [unchecked] unchecked generic array creation |
87 |
| - of type java.util.List<java.lang.Integer>[] for varargs parameter |
88 |
| - List<List<Integer>> x = Arrays.asList(a, b); |
| 108 | +VarargError.java:6: warning: [unchecked] unchecked generic array creation |
| 109 | +of type java.util.List<java.lang.Integer>[] for varargs parameter |
| 110 | +List<List<Integer>> x = Arrays.asList(a, b); |
89 | 111 | ```
|
90 | 112 |
|
91 | 113 | 此警告可能会造成混淆,特别是因为该源代码行不包含数组创建的显式实例!
|
92 | 114 |
|
93 | 115 | 如果您尝试创建泛型类型的列表,则会出现类似的问题。 这是一个使用 `Arrays.asList` 创建包含给定元素的长度列表的方法:
|
94 | 116 |
|
95 | 117 | ```java
|
96 |
| - public static List<E> singleton(E elt) { |
97 |
| - return Arrays.asList(elt); // 通用数组创建 |
98 |
| - } |
| 118 | +public static List<E> singleton(E elt) { |
| 119 | + return Arrays.asList(elt); // 通用数组创建 |
| 120 | +} |
99 | 121 | ```
|
100 | 122 |
|
101 | 123 | 这也会产生警告,出于同样的原因可能会造成混淆。
|
|
0 commit comments