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Merge pull request #26860 from joshuahansel/th-page
Added a thermal hydraulics applications page
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‎modules/doc/config.yml

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Application Usage: application_usage/index.md
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Application Development: application_development/index.md
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Framework Development: framework_development/index.md
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NCRC Applications: help/inl/applications.md
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Modules: modules/index.md
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MOOSEDocs: MooseDocs/index.md
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Infrastructure: infrastructure/index.md
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Syntax Index: syntax/index.md
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Source Index: /source/index.md
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A-to-Z Index: help/a-to-z.md
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Applications:
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Thermal Hydraulics: applications/thermal_hydraulics.md
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NCRC Applications: help/inl/applications.md
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Gallery: /gallery.md
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News: newsletter/index.md
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Citing: citing.md

‎modules/doc/content/applications/thermal_hydraulics.md

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# Thermal Hydraulics
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## MOOSE Modules for Thermal Hydraulics Modeling
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MOOSE includes modules providing versatile, general-purpose thermal hydraulics capabilities. Collectively, these modules solve for mass, momentum, energy, and species conservation in multicomponent, multiphase flows using incompressible, weakly-compressible, or fully compressible formulations for steady-state or transient calculations in 1D, 2D, or 3D geometries. These capabilities range in fidelity and computational expense, as illustrated in [TH_Scales].
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!media thermal_hydraulics/misc/TH_scales_new.png
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style=width:50%;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;
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caption=MOOSE modules support from Reynolds-Average Navier Stokes (RANS) Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling to 0D lumped-parameters modeling.
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id=TH_Scales
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The following table summarizes the MOOSE modules providing thermal hydraulics capabilities.
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The "Typical Runtime" column corresponds to a rough estimate of how much time it takes
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to run 100 time steps for a problem with the number of elements equal to the "Typical Element Count"
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value, using serial execution of the application.
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| Module | Scale | Flow-Formulation | Dimension | Typical Element Count | Typical Runtime | Typical Simulations |
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| :---------------------------------------------------------------------- | :------------------------------------- | :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :----------------------------------------------------------------- | :-------------------- | :-------------- | :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| [Navier-Stokes](navier_stokes/index.md) | Coarse-Mesh CFD \\ \\ RANS simulations | Incompressible, Weakly-Compressible, or Fully-Compressible\\ \\ Single- or Multi-Phase \\ \\ Single- or Multi-Component Flow | Typically, 2D, 2D axisymmetric, or 3D \\ \\ Can also be used in 1D | 10,000 | 1 minute | Flow through nuclear reactor core or plena \\ \\ 3D multi-phase flow in pipes \\ \\ Natural convection flow in open cavities |
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| [Subchannel](https://subchannel-dev.hpc.inl.gov/site/index.html) (To be released in 2024) | Subchannel Scale | Incompressible or Weakly-Compressible \\ \\ Single-Phase \\ \\ Single- or Multi-Component Flow | 3D | 100,000 | 10 seconds | Flow development through nuclear reactor fuel assembly \\ \\ Thermal hydraulics analysis of nuclear reactor assembly blockage \\ \\ Natural convection cooling in nuclear reactors low-flow assemblies |
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| [Thermal Hydraulics](modules/thermal_hydraulics/index.md) | Lumped-Parameters Simulations | Compressible \\ \\ Single-Phase; Single-Component Flow | 1D, 0D | 100 | 10 seconds | Heat extraction unit from nuclear reactor core \\ \\ Thermal loops with significant compressibility effects |
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| [Porous Flow Module](modules/porous_flow/index.md) | Coarse-Mesh CFD | Incompressible, Weakly-Compressible, or Fully-Compressible Porous Flow (no inertial term) \\ \\ Single- or Multi-Phase \\ \\ Single- or Multi-Component Flow | Typically, 2D, 2D axisymmetric, or 3D \\ \\ Can also be used in 1D | 10,000 | 1 minute | Flow through fractured porous media \\ \\ Underground coal mining \\ \\ CO storage in saline aquifers |
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## MOOSE-Based Applications for Thermal Hydraulics Modeling
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Here we note a selection of MOOSE-based thermal hydraulics applications, which
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are developed as part of the
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[Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) program](https://neams.inl.gov/).
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Some of these applications are open-source, whereas some are export-controlled
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and distributed via the [Nuclear Computational Resource Center (NCRC)](https://inl.gov/ncrc/);
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see [help/inl/applications.md] for more information.
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| Application Name | Distribution | Based On | Added Features |
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| :------------------------------------------------------------- | :----------- | :------------------------ | :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| [Cardinal](https://cardinal.cels.anl.gov/) | [Open-source](https://github.com/neams-th-coe/cardinal) | [NekRS](https://github.com/Nek5000/nekRS) CFD | CPU and GPU capabilities for RANS, LES, and DNS. Additional features include Lagrangian particle transport, an ALE mesh solver, overset meshes, and more. |
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| Pronghorn | [NCRC](https://inl.gov/ncrc/) | Navier-Stokes Module | Export-controlled correlations for pressure drop, heat exchange, and mass transfer in advanced nuclear reactors. |
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| [SAM](https://www.anl.gov/nse/system-analysis-module) | [NCRC](https://inl.gov/ncrc/) | MOOSE Framework | Additional physics and component models for realistic plant modeling and reactor safety analysis. |
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| RELAP-7 | [NCRC](https://inl.gov/ncrc/) | Thermal Hydraulics Module | Two-phase flow model and component models with additional closures appropriate for LWRs. |
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| Sockeye | [NCRC](https://inl.gov/ncrc/) | Thermal Hydraulics Module | Adapted correlations and specific 1D and 2D models for high-temperature heat pipes. |
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## Examples Gallery
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!row!
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!col! small=4 medium=4 large=4
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### Molten Salt Reactors
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!media thermal_hydraulics/misc/example_msr.png
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style=width:90%;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;
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caption=RANS simulation of conjugated heat transfer in a pool-type molten salt reactor concept using the MOOSE Navier-Stokes module.
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id=mcre
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!media thermal_hydraulics/misc/example_msre.png
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style=width:90%;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;
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caption=Power density (left), fuel temperature (center), and void fraction distribution (right) during the steady-state operation of the Molten Salt Reactor Experiment using the MOOSE Navier-Stokes module RANS simulation.
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id=msre
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!col-end!
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!col! small=4 medium=4 large=4
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### High Temperature Reactors
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!media thermal_hydraulics/misc/example_httf.png
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style=width:90%;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;
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caption=Steady-state operation of Oregon State University's High Temperature Test Facility (HTTF) using the MOOSE Navier-Stokes module coarse-mesh CFD capability.
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id=httf
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!media thermal_hydraulics/misc/example_httr.png
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style=width:90%;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;
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caption=Temperature in fuel blocks of the High-Temperature Engineering Test Reactor (HTTR) during steady-state operation using the MOOSE Thermal Hydraulics Module (THM).
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id=httr
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!col-end!
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!col! small=4 medium=4 large=4
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### Liquid-Metal cooled Reactors
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!media thermal_hydraulics/misc/example_subchannel.png
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style=width:90%;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;
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caption=Steady-state operation of a fuel assembly in a liquid-metal-cooled reactor using the Subchannel Module.
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id=subchannel
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!media thermal_hydraulics/misc/example_subchannel_lf.png
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style=width:90%;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;
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caption=Simulation of internal recirculation in low-flow assemblies of a sodium-cooled fast reactor driven by natural convection, conducted using the Subchannel Module.
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id=subcnahhel_lf
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!col-end!
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!col! small=4 medium=4 large=4
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### Two-Phase Flow
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!media thermal_hydraulics/misc/example_rayleigh_benard.png
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style=width:90%;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;
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caption=Two-phase Rayleigh-Benard convection in a 3D cavity using the drift-flux mixture model in the Navier-Stokes module, where the flow boils at the bottom plate and condenses at the top plate.
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id=rayleigh_benard
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!media thermal_hydraulics/misc/example_two_phase_channel.png
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style=width:90%;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;
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caption=Two-phase flow stratification in a flow bed using the MOOSE Navier-Stokes module Euler-Euler capabilities, illustrating phase-fraction (top), phase-specific velocities (center), and pressure (bottom).
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id=two_phase_channel
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!col-end!
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!col! small=4 medium=4 large=4
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### Laser Welding
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!media thermal_hydraulics/misc/example_laser_weld.png
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style=width:90%;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;
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caption=Melt-pool evaluation during laser welding, simulated using the MOOSE Navier-Stokes module.
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id=laser_weld
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!col-end!
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!col! small=4 medium=4 large=4
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### Corrosion and Erosion
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!media thermal_hydraulics/misc/example_corrosion.png
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style=width:90%;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;
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caption=Prediction of critical spots for corrosion and erosion in a double-elbow pipe using the MOOSE Navier-Stokes module.
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id=corrosion
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!col-end!
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!row-end!
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