Basic boilerplate for writing meta tests

Related to #1500

test/JsonApiDotNetCoreTests/IntegrationTests/Meta/OperationsController.cs

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+using JsonApiDotNetCore.AtomicOperations;
+using JsonApiDotNetCore.Configuration;
+using JsonApiDotNetCore.Controllers;
+using JsonApiDotNetCore.Middleware;
+using JsonApiDotNetCore.Resources;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
+
+namespace JsonApiDotNetCoreTests.IntegrationTests.Meta;
+
+public sealed class OperationsController(
+    IJsonApiOptions options, IResourceGraph resourceGraph, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory, IOperationsProcessor processor, IJsonApiRequest request,
+    ITargetedFields targetedFields, IAtomicOperationFilter operationFilter)
+    : JsonApiOperationsController(options, resourceGraph, loggerFactory, processor, request, targetedFields, operationFilter);

test/JsonApiDotNetCoreTests/IntegrationTests/Meta/RequestMetaTests.cs

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+using System.Net;
+using System.Text.Json;
+using FluentAssertions;
+using JsonApiDotNetCore.Serialization.Objects;
+using JsonApiDotNetCore.Serialization.Request.Adapters;
+using JsonApiDotNetCore.Serialization.Response;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
+using TestBuildingBlocks;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace JsonApiDotNetCoreTests.IntegrationTests.Meta;
+
+public sealed class RequestMetaTests : IClassFixture<IntegrationTestContext<TestableStartup<MetaDbContext>, MetaDbContext>>
+{
+    private readonly IntegrationTestContext<TestableStartup<MetaDbContext>, MetaDbContext> _testContext;
+    private readonly MetaFakers _fakers = new();
+
+    public RequestMetaTests(IntegrationTestContext<TestableStartup<MetaDbContext>, MetaDbContext> testContext)
+    {
+        _testContext = testContext;
+
+        testContext.UseController<ProductFamiliesController>();
+        testContext.UseController<SupportTicketsController>();
+        testContext.UseController<OperationsController>();
+
+        testContext.ConfigureServices(services =>
+        {
+            services.AddSingleton<IResponseMeta, SupportResponseMeta>();
+            services.AddSingleton<RequestDocumentStore>();
+            services.AddScoped<DocumentAdapter>();
+
+            services.AddScoped<IDocumentAdapter>(serviceProvider =>
+            {
+                var documentAdapter = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<DocumentAdapter>();
+                var requestDocumentStore = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<RequestDocumentStore>();
+                return new CapturingDocumentAdapter(documentAdapter, requestDocumentStore);
+            });
+        });
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Accepts_top_level_meta_in_patch_resource_request()
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        var store = _testContext.Factory.Services.GetRequiredService<RequestDocumentStore>();
+
+        SupportTicket existingTicket = _fakers.SupportTicket.GenerateOne();
+
+        await _testContext.RunOnDatabaseAsync(async dbContext =>
+        {
+            dbContext.SupportTickets.Add(existingTicket);
+            await dbContext.SaveChangesAsync();
+        });
+
+        var requestBody = new
+        {
+            data = new
+            {
+                type = "supportTickets",
+                id = existingTicket.StringId
+            },
+            meta = new
+            {
+                category = "bug",
+                priority = 1,
+                components = new[]
+                {
+                    "login",
+                    "single-sign-on"
+                },
+                relatedTo = new[]
+                {
+                    new
+                    {
+                        id = 123,
+                        link = "https://www.ticket-system.com/bugs/123"
+                    },
+                    new
+                    {
+                        id = 789,
+                        link = "https://www.ticket-system.com/bugs/789"
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        string route = $"/supportTickets/{existingTicket.StringId}";
+
+        // Act
+        (HttpResponseMessage httpResponse, _) = await _testContext.ExecutePatchAsync<Document>(route, requestBody);
+
+        // Assert
+        httpResponse.ShouldHaveStatusCode(HttpStatusCode.NoContent);
+
+        store.Document.Should().NotBeNull();
+        store.Document.Meta.Should().HaveCount(4);
+
+        store.Document.Meta.Should().ContainKey("category").WhoseValue.With(value =>
+        {
+            JsonElement element = value.Should().BeOfType<JsonElement>().Subject;
+            element.GetString().Should().Be("bug");
+        });
+
+        store.Document.Meta.Should().ContainKey("priority").WhoseValue.With(value =>
+        {
+            JsonElement element = value.Should().BeOfType<JsonElement>().Subject;
+            element.GetInt32().Should().Be(1);
+        });
+
+        store.Document.Meta.Should().ContainKey("components").WhoseValue.With(value =>
+        {
+            string innerJson = value.Should().BeOfType<JsonElement>().Subject.ToString();
+
+            innerJson.Should().BeJson("""
+                [
+                  "login",
+                  "single-sign-on"
+                ]
+                """);
+        });
+
+        store.Document.Meta.Should().ContainKey("relatedTo").WhoseValue.With(value =>
+        {
+            string innerJson = value.Should().BeOfType<JsonElement>().Subject.ToString();
+
+            innerJson.Should().BeJson("""
+                [
+                  {
+                    "id": 123,
+                    "link": "https://www.ticket-system.com/bugs/123"
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "id": 789,
+                    "link": "https://www.ticket-system.com/bugs/789"
+                  }
+                ]
+                """);
+        });
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Add more tests, creating a mixture of:
+    // - Different endpoints: post resource, patch resource, post relationship, patch relationship, delete relationship, atomic:operations
+    // - Meta at different depths in the request body
+    //     For example, assert on store.Document.Data.SingleValue.Meta
+    //     See IHasMeta usage at https://github.com/json-api-dotnet/JsonApiDotNetCore/tree/openapi/src/JsonApiDotNetCore.OpenApi.Swashbuckle/JsonApiObjects for where meta can occur
+    // - Varying data structures: primitive types such as string/int/bool, arrays, dictionaries, and nested combinations of them
+
+    private sealed class CapturingDocumentAdapter : IDocumentAdapter
+    {
+        private readonly IDocumentAdapter _innerAdapter;
+        private readonly RequestDocumentStore _requestDocumentStore;
+
+        public CapturingDocumentAdapter(IDocumentAdapter innerAdapter, RequestDocumentStore requestDocumentStore)
+        {
+            ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(innerAdapter);
+            ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(requestDocumentStore);
+
+            _innerAdapter = innerAdapter;
+            _requestDocumentStore = requestDocumentStore;
+        }
+
+        public object? Convert(Document document)
+        {
+            _requestDocumentStore.Document = document;
+            return _innerAdapter.Convert(document);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private sealed class RequestDocumentStore
+    {
+        public Document? Document { get; set; }
+    }
+}