Define a CURRENT_JUPYTER_HANDLER context var (#1251)

* [Enhancement] Define a CURRENT_JUPYTER_HANDLER context var
* add type to context var
* Introduce CallContext class
* Add CallContext to API docs
* Alphabetize submodules
* Unit test contextvar in the kernel shutdown flow
* Update tests/services/sessions/test_call_context.py

Co-authored-by: Kevin Bates <kbates4@gmail.com>

* revert unit test back to using kernel_model
* Relocate to base package
* Update location in docs as well

---------

Co-authored-by: Kevin Bates <kbates4@gmail.com>

Author: Zsailer

docs/source/api/jupyter_server.base.rst

@@ -5,6 +5,12 @@ Submodules
 ----------
 
 
+.. automodule:: jupyter_server.base.call_context
+   :members:
+   :undoc-members:
+   :show-inheritance:
+
+
 .. automodule:: jupyter_server.base.handlers
    :members:
    :undoc-members:

jupyter_server/__init__.py

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 del os
 
 from ._version import __version__, version_info  # noqa
+from .base.call_context import CallContext  # noqa
 
 
 def _cleanup():

jupyter_server/base/call_context.py

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+"""Provides access to variables pertaining to specific call contexts."""
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+
+from contextvars import Context, ContextVar, copy_context
+from typing import Any, Dict, List
+
+
+class CallContext:
+    """CallContext essentially acts as a namespace for managing context variables.
+
+    Although not required, it is recommended that any "file-spanning" context variable
+    names (i.e., variables that will be set or retrieved from multiple files or services) be
+    added as constants to this class definition.
+    """
+
+    # Add well-known (file-spanning) names here.
+    #: Provides access to the current request handler once set.
+    JUPYTER_HANDLER: str = "JUPYTER_HANDLER"
+
+    # A map of variable name to value is maintained as the single ContextVar.  This also enables
+    # easier management over maintaining a set of ContextVar instances, since the Context is a
+    # map of ContextVar instances to their values, and the "name" is no longer a lookup key.
+    _NAME_VALUE_MAP = "_name_value_map"
+    _name_value_map: ContextVar[Dict[str, Any]] = ContextVar(_NAME_VALUE_MAP)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get(cls, name: str) -> Any:
+        """Returns the value corresponding the named variable relative to this context.
+
+        If the named variable doesn't exist, None will be returned.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        name : str
+            The name of the variable to get from the call context
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        value: Any
+            The value associated with the named variable for this call context
+        """
+        name_value_map = CallContext._get_map()
+
+        if name in name_value_map:
+            return name_value_map[name]
+        return None  # TODO - should this raise `LookupError` (or a custom error derived from said)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def set(cls, name: str, value: Any) -> None:
+        """Sets the named variable to the specified value in the current call context.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        name : str
+            The name of the variable to store into the call context
+        value : Any
+            The value of the variable to store into the call context
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        None
+        """
+        name_value_map = CallContext._get_map()
+        name_value_map[name] = value
+
+    @classmethod
+    def context_variable_names(cls) -> List[str]:
+        """Returns a list of variable names set for this call context.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        names: List[str]
+            A list of variable names set for this call context.
+        """
+        name_value_map = CallContext._get_map()
+        return list(name_value_map.keys())
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _get_map(cls) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Get the map of names to their values from the _NAME_VALUE_MAP context var.
+
+        If the map does not exist in the current context, an empty map is created and returned.
+        """
+        ctx: Context = copy_context()
+        if CallContext._name_value_map not in ctx:
+            CallContext._name_value_map.set({})
+        return CallContext._name_value_map.get()

jupyter_server/base/handlers.py

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 from traitlets.config import Application
 
 import jupyter_server
+from jupyter_server import CallContext
 from jupyter_server._sysinfo import get_sys_info
 from jupyter_server._tz import utcnow
 from jupyter_server.auth import authorized
@@ -582,6 +583,9 @@ def check_host(self):
 
     async def prepare(self):
         """Pepare a response."""
+        # Set the current Jupyter Handler context variable.
+        CallContext.set(CallContext.JUPYTER_HANDLER, self)
+
         if not self.check_host():
             self.current_user = self._jupyter_current_user = None
             raise web.HTTPError(403)

tests/base/test_call_context.py

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+import asyncio
+
+from jupyter_server import CallContext
+from jupyter_server.auth.utils import get_anonymous_username
+from jupyter_server.base.handlers import JupyterHandler
+from jupyter_server.services.kernels.kernelmanager import AsyncMappingKernelManager
+
+
+async def test_jupyter_handler_contextvar(jp_fetch, monkeypatch):
+    # Create some mock kernel Ids
+    kernel1 = "x-x-x-x-x"
+    kernel2 = "y-y-y-y-y"
+
+    # We'll use this dictionary to track the current user within each request.
+    context_tracker = {
+        kernel1: {"started": "no user yet", "ended": "still no user", "user": None},
+        kernel2: {"started": "no user yet", "ended": "still no user", "user": None},
+    }
+
+    # Monkeypatch the get_current_user method in Tornado's
+    # request handler to return a random user name for
+    # each request
+    async def get_current_user(self):
+        return get_anonymous_username()
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(JupyterHandler, "get_current_user", get_current_user)
+
+    # Monkeypatch the kernel_model method to show that
+    # the current context variable is truly local and
+    # not contaminated by other asynchronous parallel requests.
+    # Note that even though the current implementation of `kernel_model()`
+    # is synchronous, we can convert this into an async method because the
+    # kernel handler wraps the call to `kernel_model()` in `ensure_async()`.
+    async def kernel_model(self, kernel_id):
+        # Get the Jupyter Handler from the current context.
+        current: JupyterHandler = CallContext.get(CallContext.JUPYTER_HANDLER)
+        # Get the current user
+        context_tracker[kernel_id]["user"] = current.current_user
+        context_tracker[kernel_id]["started"] = current.current_user
+        await asyncio.sleep(1.0)
+        # Track the current user a few seconds later. We'll
+        # verify that this user was unaffected by other parallel
+        # requests.
+        context_tracker[kernel_id]["ended"] = current.current_user
+        return {"id": kernel_id, "name": "blah"}
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(AsyncMappingKernelManager, "kernel_model", kernel_model)
+
+    # Make two requests in parallel.
+    await asyncio.gather(
+        jp_fetch("api", "kernels", kernel1),
+        jp_fetch("api", "kernels", kernel2),
+    )
+
+    # Assert that the two requests had different users
+    assert context_tracker[kernel1]["user"] != context_tracker[kernel2]["user"]
+    # Assert that the first request started+ended with the same user
+    assert context_tracker[kernel1]["started"] == context_tracker[kernel1]["ended"]
+    # Assert that the second request started+ended with the same user
+    assert context_tracker[kernel2]["started"] == context_tracker[kernel2]["ended"]
+
+
+async def test_context_variable_names():
+    CallContext.set("foo", "bar")
+    CallContext.set("foo2", "bar2")
+    names = CallContext.context_variable_names()
+    assert len(names) == 2
+    assert set(names) == {"foo", "foo2"}
+
+
+async def test_same_context_operations():
+    CallContext.set("foo", "bar")
+    CallContext.set("foo2", "bar2")
+
+    foo = CallContext.get("foo")
+    assert foo == "bar"
+
+    CallContext.set("foo", "bar2")
+    assert CallContext.get("foo") == CallContext.get("foo2")
+
+
+async def test_multi_context_operations():
+    async def context1():
+        """The "slower" context.  This ensures that, following the sleep, the
+        context variable set prior to the sleep is still the expected value.
+        If contexts are not managed properly, we should find that context2() has
+        corrupted context1().
+        """
+        CallContext.set("foo", "bar1")
+        await asyncio.sleep(1.0)
+        assert CallContext.get("foo") == "bar1"
+        context1_names = CallContext.context_variable_names()
+        assert len(context1_names) == 1
+
+    async def context2():
+        """The "faster" context.  This ensures that CallContext reflects the
+        appropriate values of THIS context.
+        """
+        CallContext.set("foo", "bar2")
+        assert CallContext.get("foo") == "bar2"
+        CallContext.set("foo2", "bar2")
+        context2_names = CallContext.context_variable_names()
+        assert len(context2_names) == 2
+
+    await asyncio.gather(context1(), context2())
+
+    # Assert that THIS context doesn't have any variables defined.
+    names = CallContext.context_variable_names()
+    assert len(names) == 0