better trigonometric functions' implementation (#1559)

* better trigonometric functions' implementation

* better asin, acos, atan, atan2 implementation

* add sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 for floating-point

---------

Co-authored-by: 东灯 <[email protected]>

Author: Kaida-Amethyst

double/double.mbti

@@ -18,7 +18,12 @@ let not_a_number : Double
 // Types and methods
 impl Double {
   abs(Double) -> Double
+  acos(Double) -> Double
+  asin(Double) -> Double
+  atan(Double) -> Double
+  atan2(Double, Double) -> Double
   ceil(Double) -> Double
+  cos(Double) -> Double
   exp(Double) -> Double
   floor(Double) -> Double
   from_int(Int) -> Double
@@ -37,6 +42,8 @@ impl Double {
   pow(Double, Double) -> Double
   round(Double) -> Double
   signum(Double) -> Double
+  sin(Double) -> Double
+  tan(Double) -> Double
   to_be_bytes(Double) -> Bytes
   to_le_bytes(Double) -> Bytes
   to_string(Double) -> String

double/moon.pkg.json

@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@
     "mod_nonjs.mbt": ["not", "js"],
     "pow_js.mbt": ["js"],
     "pow_nonjs.mbt": ["not", "js"],
+    "trig_js.mbt" : ["js"],
+    "trig_nonjs.mbt" : ["not", "js"],
     "round_js.mbt": ["js"],
     "round_wasm.mbt": ["wasm", "wasm-gc"],
     "round.mbt": ["not", "js", "wasm", "wasm-gc"],

double/trig_js.mbt

@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+// Copyright 2025 International Digital Economy Academy
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+///|
+/// Calculates the sine of a number in radians. Handles special cases and edge
+/// conditions according to IEEE 754 standards.
+///
+/// Parameters:
+///
+/// * `x` : The angle in radians for which to calculate the sine.
+///
+/// Returns the sine of the angle `x`.
+///
+/// Example:
+///
+/// ```moonbit
+/// test "sin" {
+///   inspect!(0.0.sin(), content="0")
+///   inspect!(1.570796326794897.sin(), content="1") // pi / 2
+///   inspect!(2.0.sin(), content="0.9092974268256817")
+///   inspect!(-5.0.sin(), content="0.9589242746631385")
+///   inspect!(31415926535897.9323846.sin(), content="0.0012091232715481885")
+///   inspect!(@double.not_a_number.sin(), content="NaN")
+///   inspect!(@double.infinity.sin(), content="NaN")
+///   inspect!(@double.neg_infinity.sin(), content="NaN")
+/// }
+/// ```
+pub fn sin(self : Double) -> Double = "Math" "sin"
+
+///|
+/// Calculates the cosine of a number in radians. Handles special cases and edge
+/// conditions according to IEEE 754 standards.
+///
+/// Parameters:
+///
+/// * `x` : The angle in radians for which to calculate the cosine.
+///
+/// Returns the cosine of the angle `x`.
+///
+/// Example:
+///
+/// ```moonbit
+/// test "cos" {
+///   inspect!(0.0.cos(), content="1")
+///   inspect!(2.5.cos(), content="-0.8011436155469337")
+///   inspect!((-3.141592653589793).cos(), content="-1") // -pi
+///   inspect!((-5.0).cos(), content="0.28366218546322625")
+///   inspect!(31415926535897.9323846.cos(), content="0.9999992690101899")
+///   inspect!(@double.not_a_number.cos(), content="NaN")
+///   inspect!(@double.infinity.cos(), content="NaN")
+///   inspect!(@double.neg_infinity.cos(), content="NaN")
+/// }
+/// ```
+pub fn cos(self : Double) -> Double = "Math" "cos"
+
+///|
+/// Calculates the tangent of a number in radians. Handles special cases and edge
+/// conditions according to IEEE 754 standards.
+///
+/// Parameters:
+///
+/// * `x` : The angle in radians for which to calculate the tangent.
+///
+/// Returns the tangent of the angle `x`.
+///
+/// Example:
+///
+/// ```moonbit
+/// test "tan" {
+///   inspect!(0.0.tan(), content="0")
+///   inspect!(0.7853981633974483.tan(), content="0.9999999999999999")
+///   inspect!(4.0.tan(), content="1.1578212823495777")
+///   inspect!(5.0.tan(), content="-3.380515006246586")
+///   inspect!(31415926535897.9323846.tan(), content="0.0012091241554056254")
+///   inspect!(@double.not_a_number.tan(), content="NaN")
+///   inspect!(@double.infinity.tan(), content="NaN")
+///   inspect!(@double.neg_infinity.tan(), content="NaN")
+/// }
+/// ```
+pub fn tan(self : Double) -> Double = "Math" "tan"
+
+///|
+/// Calculates the arcsine of a number. Handles special cases and edge conditions
+/// according to IEEE 754 standards.
+///
+/// Parameters:
+///
+/// * `x` : The number for which to calculate the arcsine.
+///
+/// Returns the arcsine of the number `x`.
+///
+/// * Returns NaN if the input is NaN.
+/// * Returns NaN if the input is less than -1 or greater than 1.
+///
+/// Example:
+///
+/// ```moonbit
+/// test "asin" {
+///   inspect!(0.0.asin(), content="0")
+///   inspect!(1.0.asin(), content="1.5707963267948966")
+///   inspect!((-1.0).asin(), content="-1.5707963267948966")
+///   inspect!(@double.not_a_number.asin(), content="NaN")
+///   inspect!(@double.infinity.asin(), content="NaN")
+///   inspect!(@double.neg_infinity.asin(), content="NaN")
+/// }
+/// ```
+pub fn asin(self : Double) -> Double = "Math" "asin"
+
+///|
+/// Calculates the arccosine of a number.
+///
+/// Parameters:
+///
+/// * `x` : The number for which to calculate the arccosine.
+///
+/// Returns the arccosine of the number `x`.
+///
+/// * Returns NaN if the input is NaN.
+/// * Returns NaN if the input is less than -1 or greater than 1.
+///
+/// Example:
+///
+/// ```moonbit
+/// test "acos" {
+///   inspect!(0.0.acos(), content="1.5707963267948966")
+///   inspect!(1.0.acos(), content="0")
+///   inspect!((-1.0).acos(), content="3.141592653589793")
+///   inspect!(@double.not_a_number.acos(), content="NaN")
+///   inspect!(@double.infinity.acos(), content="NaN")
+///   inspect!(@double.neg_infinity.acos(), content="NaN")
+///   inspect!(0.0.acos(), content="1.5707963267948966")
+/// }
+/// ```
+pub fn acos(self : Double) -> Double = "Math" "acos"
+
+///|
+/// Calculates the arctangent of a number.
+///
+/// Parameters:
+///
+/// * `x` : The number for which to calculate the arctangent.
+///
+/// Returns the arctangent of the number `x`.
+///
+/// Example:
+///
+/// * Returns NaN if the input is NaN.
+///
+/// ```moonbit
+/// test "atan" {
+///   inspect!(0.0.atan(), content="0")
+///   inspect!(1.0.atan(), content="0.7853981633974483")
+///   inspect!((-1.0).atan(), content="-0.7853981633974483")
+///   inspect!(@double.not_a_number.atan(), content="NaN")
+///   inspect!(@double.infinity.atan(), content="1.5707963267948966")
+///   inspect!(@double.neg_infinity.atan(), content="-1.5707963267948966")
+/// }
+/// ```
+pub fn atan(self : Double) -> Double = "Math" "atan"
+
+///|
+/// Calculates the arctangent of the quotient of two numbers.
+///
+/// Parameters:
+///
+/// * `self` : The numerator of the quotient.
+/// * `x` : The denominator of the quotient.
+///
+/// Returns the arctangent of the quotient `self / x`.
+///
+/// * Returns NaN if self or x is NaN.
+///
+/// Example:
+///
+/// ```moonbit
+/// test "atan2" {
+///   inspect!(0.0.atan2(-1.0), content="3.141592653589793")
+///   inspect!(1.0.atan2(0.0), content="1.5707963267948966")
+///   inspect!(1.0.atan2(1.0), content="0.7853981633974483")
+///   inspect!(not_a_number.atan2(1.0), content="NaN")
+///   inspect!(1.0.atan2(not_a_number), content="NaN")
+///   inspect!(infinity.atan2(1.0), content="1.5707963267948966")
+///   inspect!(1.0.atan2(infinity), content="0")
+///   inspect!(neg_infinity.atan2(1.0), content="-1.5707963267948966")
+///   inspect!(1.0.atan2(neg_infinity), content="3.141592653589793")
+///   inspect!(infinity.atan2(infinity), content="0.7853981633974483")
+///   inspect!(neg_infinity.atan2(neg_infinity), content="-2.356194490192345")
+///   inspect!(infinity.atan2(neg_infinity), content="2.356194490192345")
+///   inspect!(neg_infinity.atan2(infinity), content="-0.7853981633974483")
+/// }
+/// ```
+pub fn atan2(self : Double, x : Double) -> Double = "Math" "atan2"