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_pages/create/transforms.md

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title: Transforms
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permalink: /create/transforms
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---
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Transformations may be required for several reasons:
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1. To test the ability of a building block to model information from a particular source (that does not conform to the building block specification).
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Accordingly, different types of transformations may be required:
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1. Encoding translations (e.g. XML -> JSON)
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2. Schema transformations
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3. Semantic transformations (entailments, equivalent terms)
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4. Content transformations (terminology)
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**Note that the Building Blocks viewer application is still being developed to show all types of transformation in appropriate places.**
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## Transformation tools
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Building Blocks are technology agnostic, however rich support exists for JSON Schema and JSON-LD/RDF:
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- SHACL (AF- advances features) SPARQL rules are powerful for schema, semantic and content transformation rules.
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- JQ may be used for pure JSON transformations
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Custom code may be used for transformation and validation. (details TBD)
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## Examples
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A key example is the mismatch between the GeoJSON geometry model and the GeoSPARQL geometry model. This
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requires the transformation of both structure and vocabulary to convert GeoJSON to valid GeoSPARQL - see this [example](https://ogcincubator.github.io/bblocks-examples/bblock/ogc.bbr.examples.feature.geosparqlFeature)
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The transformation specification is here:
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https://github.com/ogcincubator/bblocks-examples/blob/master/_sources/feature/geosparqlFeature/bblock.json#L17
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## Technical Documentation
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TBD

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