first commit

Author: prasad01dalavi

1.hello.py

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+print 'Hello Python!'       # prints the message on the shell (output)
+print ("Hello Python!")

10.ComparisonLogicalOperators.py

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+a, b = 2, 5		# Cool variable assignment style
+
+if a == 2 and b == 5:
+    print 'and logical operator'
+
+if a > 1 or b < 5:
+    print 'or logical operator'
+
+if a <> b:
+    print 'Woah! This is similar to !='
+
+if not(a == 3):
+    print 'not makes false condition true and vice versa'

11.isAndin.py

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+string = "abcde"
+if 'a' in string:           # a is in string or not. if it is present then true
+    print 'yes! a in string'
+
+if 'ab' in string:
+    print 'yes! ab in string'
+
+myList1 = [1, 2, 3]
+myList2 = [1, 2, 3]
+if myList1 is myList2:      # it is not similar to == so this if will not execute
+    print 'Yes! my two list are having same contents'
+
+anotherlist1 = anotherlist2 = [1, 2, 3]
+if anotherlist1 is anotherlist2:  # but it is similar to ==
+    print 'This works actually!'

12.forLoop.py

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+for any_var in range(0, 10):
+    print 'any_var in for loop:', any_var  # o/p = 0123456789
+# ---------------------------------------------------------
+
+for any_var in range(0, 10, 1):
+    print 'any_var in for loop with step 1:', any_var  # o/p = 0123456789
+ # ---------------------------------------------------------
+
+for any_var in range(0, 10, 2):
+    print 'any_var in for loop with step 2:', any_var		# o/p = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8
+ # ---------------------------------------------------------
+
+for any_var in range(0, 10, -1):		# This for loop doesnot execute
+    print 'any_var in for loop (0 to 10) with step -1:', any_var  # No output
+ # ---------------------------------------------------------
+
+for any_var in range(10, 0, - 1):		# 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
+    print 'any_var in for loop (10 to 0) with step -1:', any_var  # print 1 less than the last limit
+# ---------------------------------------------------------
+
+for _ in range(0, 10):      # If I do not care about the variable
+    print 'any task which we want to repeat for 10 times'     # This message will get printed 10 times
+# ---------------------------------------------------------

13.whileLoop.py

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+my_var = 0
+
+while my_var < 10:      # Infinite while loop can be given by while True
+    print 'my_var value in while loop:', my_var
+    my_var += 1

14.DefiningFunctions.py

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+def my_function():		# This is function definition and must be before calling the function
+    print 'my_function has been called!'
+
+
+def add(a, b):		# defining another function
+    c = a + b
+    return c
+
+
+def mix_function(int_var, string_var, float_var=3.14):  # float_var is a default argument
+    print 'In mix_function!'
+    print 'int_var =', int_var		  # 15
+    print 'string_var =', string_var  # prasad
+    print 'float_var =', float_var	  # 3.14 if 3rd float type argument is not passsed
+
+
+my_function()				# function call
+result = add(5, 10)			# Calling the function and catching the returned value as wel
+print 'Result of addition:', result
+
+mix_function(15, 'prasad')
+mix_function(15, 'prasad', 1.414)

15.variableLengthArguments.py

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+def my_function(formalArgument, *anyVariableType):  # *variable holds any variable arguments
+    print 'Formal Argument Output is:', formalArgument
+    print 'Now variable-length arguments:'
+    for var in anyVariableType:  # This tuple remains empty if no additional arguments are passed
+        print var
+    print 'Any Variable Type output:', anyVariableType
+
+
+my_function('hi')  # This was taken by formalArgument
+print '--------First Function call has been completed!--------'
+
+my_function(10.5, 'hello', 30, 3.14, 'prasad')  # 10.5 will be catched by formalAguments,
+#'hello', 30, 3.14, 'prasad' will be caught by tuple-variable length arguments

16.anonymousFunctionLambda.py

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+# Lambda forms can take any number of arguments but return just one
+# Can not be directly called to print because lambda requires an expression
+# Just Like inline function in C++
+
+
+def sum(arg1, arg2): return arg1 + arg2  # Function definition is different
+
+
+# all arguments should be used in the definition
+# similar to: def sum(arg1, arg2): return arg1 + arg2
+print 'Total 1 =', sum(5, 2)
+print 'Total 2 =', sum(10, 23)

17.GlobalVsLocal.py

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+my_list = [1, 2, 3]
+my_var = 5
+global var2
+var2 = 8
+
+non_global_var = 7
+
+
+def add_to_list(fun_list):
+    fun_list.append(4)      # Making changes to the list by appending
+    print 'In add_list function, fun_list =:', fun_list   # [1, 2, 3, 4]
+    print 'In add_list function, my_list =:', my_list	  # [1, 2, 3, 4]
+
+
+def change_var(var):
+    print 'In change_var function, var =', var	 			# 5
+    my_var = 10
+    print 'In change_var function, my_var =', my_var		# 10
+
+
+def change_var_globally(var):
+    print 'In change_var_globally function, var =', var  			# 5
+    global my_var  # global variable declaration in function works only
+    my_var = 10
+    print 'In change_var_globally function, my_var =', my_var		# 10
+
+
+def check_global_var():
+    # I am not declaring any variable, still it is detecting the my_var because it was made set global
+    print 'Checking global variable in another function:', my_var   # 15 it works fine anywhere
+    print 'Global variable declared outside of functions:', var2    # 8
+    # var2 = 9   I am not able to 'change' the global var declared outside of function becuase it will be local for this definition
+
+    print 'non_global variable declared outside of the function:', non_global_var
+
+
+print 'Before add_to_list call, my_list =', my_list  		  # [1, 2, 3]
+add_to_list(my_list)
+print 'After calling add_to_list, my_list =', my_list		  # [1, 2, 3, 4]
+
+print 'Before change_var call, my_var =', my_var              # 5
+change_var(my_var)
+print 'After calling change_var, my_var =', my_var		      # 5
+# I get the same value though i change the variable value in function because it is not declared as global
+
+# now try to change the variable value by making it global in function definition
+change_var_globally(my_var)
+print 'After calling change_var_globally, my_var =', my_var   # 10
+# I get changed value for the variable after declaring that variable as global in defination
+
+my_var = 15     # changing the global variable value declared in defination
+check_global_var()
+
+'''
+Conclusion:
+1. global variable declared in function will have read as well as write access all over the program
+2. global variable declared outside the function definition will have read access all over the Programs but not able to write in any function
+3. global variable declared outside the function will be similar to normal variable
+4. normal variable can be used in the function (in fact it will work like global until any write operation. When you assign something to it, it becomes local)
+'''

18.Class.py

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+class Person:
+    my_member_variable = 5
+
+    def setName(self, firstName, lastName):
+        self.firstName = firstName  # need to creat self object within the class
+        self.lastName = lastName  # and it is going to perform the operation
+
+    def showName(self):  # self argument is always present in any member funtion arguments
+        print 'In class, showName method:', self.firstName, self.lastName
+
+
+name = Person()  # creating object of Person class
+name.setName("Prasad", "Dalavi")  # accessing the class method using object name
+name.showName()
+print 'class my_member_variable =', name.my_member_variable   # 5