diff --git a/runtime/backend/backend_options.h b/runtime/backend/backend_options.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6c106cc1561
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/backend/backend_options.h
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+#include <executorch/runtime/core/error.h>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <variant>
+
+namespace executorch {
+namespace runtime {
+
+// Strongly-typed option key template
+template <typename T>
+struct OptionKey {
+  const char* key;
+  constexpr explicit OptionKey(const char* k) : key(k) {}
+};
+
+// Union replaced with std::variant
+using OptionValue = std::variant<bool, int, const char*>;
+
+struct BackendOption {
+  const char* key; // key is the name of the backend option, like num_threads,
+                   // enable_profiling, etc
+  OptionValue
+      value; // value is the value of the backend option, like 4, true, etc
+};
+
+template <size_t MaxCapacity>
+class BackendOptions {
+ public:
+  // Initialize with zero options
+  BackendOptions() : size_(0) {}
+
+  // Type-safe setters
+  template <typename T>
+  void set_option(OptionKey<T> key, T value) {
+    const char* k = key.key;
+    // Update existing if found
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < size_; ++i) {
+      if (strcmp(options_[i].key, k) == 0) {
+        options_[i].value = value;
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+    // Add new option if space available
+    if (size_ < MaxCapacity) {
+      options_[size_++] = BackendOption{k, value};
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Type-safe getters
+  template <typename T>
+  Error get_option(OptionKey<T> key, T& out) const {
+    const char* k = key.key;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < size_; ++i) {
+      if (strcmp(options_[i].key, k) == 0) {
+        if (auto* val = std::get_if<T>(&options_[i].value)) {
+          out = *val;
+          return Error::Ok;
+        }
+        return Error::InvalidArgument;
+      }
+    }
+    return Error::NotFound;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  BackendOption options_[MaxCapacity]{}; // Storage for backend options
+  size_t size_; // Current number of options
+};
+
+// Helper functions for creating typed option keys (unchanged)
+constexpr OptionKey<bool> BoolKey(const char* k) {
+  return OptionKey<bool>(k);
+}
+
+constexpr OptionKey<int> IntKey(const char* k) {
+  return OptionKey<int>(k);
+}
+
+constexpr OptionKey<const char*> StrKey(const char* k) {
+  return OptionKey<const char*>(k);
+}
+
+} // namespace runtime
+} // namespace executorch
diff --git a/runtime/backend/targets.bzl b/runtime/backend/targets.bzl
index d2187afb5fc..49a14d4d0d6 100644
--- a/runtime/backend/targets.bzl
+++ b/runtime/backend/targets.bzl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ def define_common_targets():
             exported_headers = [
                 "backend_execution_context.h",
                 "backend_init_context.h",
+                "backend_options.h",
                 "interface.h",
             ],
             preprocessor_flags = ["-DUSE_ATEN_LIB"] if aten_mode else [],
diff --git a/runtime/backend/test/backend_options_test.cpp b/runtime/backend/test/backend_options_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..32d5c6008f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/backend/test/backend_options_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ */
+
+#include <executorch/runtime/backend/backend_options.h>
+#include <executorch/runtime/platform/runtime.h>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+using namespace ::testing;
+using executorch::runtime::BackendOptions;
+using executorch::runtime::BoolKey;
+using executorch::runtime::Error;
+using executorch::runtime::IntKey;
+using executorch::runtime::OptionKey;
+using executorch::runtime::StrKey;
+
+class BackendOptionsTest : public ::testing::Test {
+ protected:
+  void SetUp() override {
+    // Since these tests cause ET_LOG to be called, the PAL must be initialized
+    // first.
+    executorch::runtime::runtime_init();
+  }
+  BackendOptions<5> options; // Capacity of 5 for testing limits
+};
+
+// Test basic string functionality
+TEST_F(BackendOptionsTest, HandlesStringOptions) {
+  // Set and retrieve valid string
+  options.set_option(StrKey("backend_type"), "GPU");
+  const char* result = nullptr;
+  EXPECT_EQ(options.get_option(StrKey("backend_type"), result), Error::Ok);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(result, "GPU");
+
+  // Update existing key
+  options.set_option(StrKey("backend_type"), "CPU");
+  EXPECT_EQ(options.get_option(StrKey("backend_type"), result), Error::Ok);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(result, "CPU");
+}
+
+// Test boolean options
+TEST_F(BackendOptionsTest, HandlesBoolOptions) {
+  options.set_option(BoolKey("debug"), true);
+  bool debug = false;
+  EXPECT_EQ(options.get_option(BoolKey("debug"), debug), Error::Ok);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(debug);
+
+  // Test false value
+  options.set_option(BoolKey("verbose"), false);
+  EXPECT_EQ(options.get_option(BoolKey("verbose"), debug), Error::Ok);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(debug);
+}
+
+// Test integer options
+TEST_F(BackendOptionsTest, HandlesIntOptions) {
+  options.set_option(IntKey("num_threads"), 256);
+  int num_threads = 0;
+  EXPECT_EQ(options.get_option(IntKey("num_threads"), num_threads), Error::Ok);
+  EXPECT_EQ(num_threads, 256);
+}
+
+// Test error conditions
+TEST_F(BackendOptionsTest, HandlesErrors) {
+  // Non-existent key
+  bool dummy_bool;
+  EXPECT_EQ(
+      options.get_option(BoolKey("missing"), dummy_bool), Error::NotFound);
+
+  // Type mismatch
+  options.set_option(IntKey("threshold"), 100);
+  const char* dummy_str = nullptr;
+  EXPECT_EQ(
+      options.get_option(StrKey("threshold"), dummy_str),
+      Error::InvalidArgument);
+
+  // Null value handling
+  options.set_option(StrKey("nullable"), static_cast<const char*>(nullptr));
+  EXPECT_EQ(options.get_option(StrKey("nullable"), dummy_str), Error::Ok);
+  EXPECT_EQ(dummy_str, nullptr);
+}
+
+// Test capacity limits
+TEST_F(BackendOptionsTest, HandlesCapacity) {
+  // Use persistent storage for keys
+  std::vector<std::string> keys = {"key0", "key1", "key2", "key3", "key4"};
+
+  // Fill to capacity with persistent keys
+  for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+    options.set_option(IntKey(keys[i].c_str()), i);
+  }
+
+  // Verify all exist
+  int value;
+  for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+    EXPECT_EQ(options.get_option(IntKey(keys[i].c_str()), value), Error::Ok);
+    EXPECT_EQ(value, i);
+  }
+
+  // Add beyond capacity - should fail
+  const char* overflow_key = "overflow";
+  options.set_option(IntKey(overflow_key), 99);
+  EXPECT_EQ(options.get_option(IntKey(overflow_key), value), Error::NotFound);
+
+  // Update existing within capacity
+  options.set_option(IntKey(keys[2].c_str()), 222);
+  EXPECT_EQ(options.get_option(IntKey(keys[2].c_str()), value), Error::Ok);
+  EXPECT_EQ(value, 222);
+}
+
+// Test type-specific keys
+TEST_F(BackendOptionsTest, EnforcesKeyTypes) {
+  // Same key name - later set operations overwrite earlier ones
+  options.set_option(BoolKey("flag"), true);
+  options.set_option(IntKey("flag"), 123); // Overwrites the boolean entry
+
+  bool bval;
+  int ival;
+
+  // Boolean get should fail - type was overwritten to INT
+  EXPECT_EQ(options.get_option(BoolKey("flag"), bval), Error::InvalidArgument);
+
+  // Integer get should succeed with correct value
+  EXPECT_EQ(options.get_option(IntKey("flag"), ival), Error::Ok);
+  EXPECT_EQ(ival, 123);
+}
diff --git a/runtime/backend/test/targets.bzl b/runtime/backend/test/targets.bzl
index 9ea585f650c..97299bbcb35 100644
--- a/runtime/backend/test/targets.bzl
+++ b/runtime/backend/test/targets.bzl
@@ -1,7 +1,16 @@
+load("@fbsource//xplat/executorch/build:runtime_wrapper.bzl", "runtime")
+
 def define_common_targets():
     """Defines targets that should be shared between fbcode and xplat.
 
     The directory containing this targets.bzl file should also contain both
     TARGETS and BUCK files that call this function.
     """
-    pass
+    runtime.cxx_test(
+        name = "backend_options_test",
+        srcs = ["backend_options_test.cpp"],
+        deps = [
+            "//executorch/runtime/core:core",
+            "//executorch/runtime/backend:interface",
+        ],
+    )