This repository was archived by the owner on Jul 29, 2022. It is now read-only.
-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 10
/
Copy pathgemfile_man.html
615 lines (463 loc) · 28.2 KB
/
gemfile_man.html
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang='en'>
<head>
<meta charset='utf-8'>
<meta content='IE=edge' http-equiv='X-UA-Compatible'>
<meta content='en' http-equiv='Content-Language'>
<meta content='width=device-width, initial-scale=1' name='viewport'>
<meta content='276VSYOko8B8vIu1i8i5qbj7_ql5PXo0dU69XQy-SL' name='globalsign-domain-verification'>
<title>
Bundler: gemfile
</title>
<link href='/gemfile_man.html' rel='canonical'>
<script src="/application.min.js"></script>
<link href="/application.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<link href='/images/apple-touch-icon.png' rel='apple-touch-icon' sizes='180x180'>
<link href='/images/favicon-32x32.png' rel='icon' sizes='32x32' type='image/png'>
<link href='/images/favicon-16x16.png' rel='icon' sizes='16x16' type='image/png'>
<link href='/manifest.json' rel='manifest'>
<link color='#50bced' href='/images/safari-pinned-tab.svg' rel='mask-icon'>
<meta content='bundler.io' name='apple-mobile-web-app-title'>
<meta content='bundler.io' name='application-name'>
<meta content='#ffffff' name='theme-color'>
<link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Atom Feed" href="/blog/feed.xml" />
</head>
<body class=''>
<nav class='navbar navbar-expand-md navbar-light'>
<div class='container-md'>
<a href="/" class="navbar-brand me-auto fw-bold">Bundler</a>
<button aria-controls='bs-navbar-collapse' aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Toggle navigation' class='navbar-toggler' data-bs-target='#bs-navbar-collapse' data-bs-toggle='collapse' type='button'>
<span class='navbar-toggler-icon'></span>
</button>
<div class='collapse navbar-collapse flex-grow-0' id='bs-navbar-collapse'>
<ul class='navbar-nav'>
<li class='nav-item'>
<input class='input-search my-1 ps-1 pt-1' id='input-search' placeholder='Type to search...' type='text'>
<svg class='text-opacity-40 m-1 mb-2' style='width: 1rem; height: 1rem; fill: currentcolor;' viewBox='0 0 512 512' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'>
<!-- Font Awesome Free 6.1.1 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc. -->
<path d='M500.3 443.7l-119.7-119.7c27.22-40.41 40.65-90.9 33.46-144.7C401.8 87.79 326.8 13.32 235.2 1.723C99.01-15.51-15.51 99.01 1.724 235.2c11.6 91.64 86.08 166.7 177.6 178.9c53.8 7.189 104.3-6.236 144.7-33.46l119.7 119.7c15.62 15.62 40.95 15.62 56.57 0C515.9 484.7 515.9 459.3 500.3 443.7zM79.1 208c0-70.58 57.42-128 128-128s128 57.42 128 128c0 70.58-57.42 128-128 128S79.1 278.6 79.1 208z'></path>
</svg>
</li>
<li class='nav-item'><a href="/docs.html" class="nav-link">Docs</a></li>
<li class='nav-item'><a href="/contributors.html" class="nav-link">Team</a></li>
<li class='nav-item'><a href="/blog" class="nav-link">Blog</a></li>
<li class='nav-item'><a href="https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/tree/master/bundler" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="nav-link">Repository</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<div class='bg-light-blue header'>
<img src="/images/docs_header_transparent_bg.png" srcset="/images/docs_header_transparent_bg.png 1x, /images/[email protected] 2x, /images/[email protected] 3x" class="img-fluid header-padding" style="max-width: 400px;" alt="" />
</div>
<div class='container'>
<div class='row flex-column flex-md-row-reverse'>
<div class='col-12 col-md-9 contents guide' id='page-content-wrapper'>
<div class="mp" id="man">
<h2 id="NAME">gemfile</h2>
<p class="man-name">
<code>Gemfile</code> - <span class="man-whatis">A format for describing gem dependencies for Ruby programs</span>
</p>
<pre>A <code>Gemfile</code> describes the gem dependencies required to execute associated
Ruby code.</pre>
<p>Place the <code>Gemfile</code> in the root of the directory containing the associated
code. For instance, in a Rails application, place the <code>Gemfile</code> in the same
directory as the <code>Rakefile</code>.</p>
<h2 id="SYNTAX">Syntax</h2>
<p>A <code>Gemfile</code> is evaluated as Ruby code, in a context which makes available
a number of methods used to describe the gem requirements.</p>
<h2 id="GLOBAL-SOURCES">Global Sources</h2>
<p>At the top of the <code>Gemfile</code>, add a line for the <code>Rubygems</code> source that contains
the gems listed in the <code>Gemfile</code>.</p>
<pre><code>source "https://rubygems.org"
</code></pre>
<p>It is possible, but not recommended as of Bundler 1.7, to add multiple global
<code>source</code> lines. Each of these <code>source</code>s <code>MUST</code> be a valid Rubygems repository.</p>
<p>Sources are checked for gems following the heuristics described in
<a href="#SOURCE-PRIORITY" title="SOURCE PRIORITY" data-bare-link="true">SOURCE PRIORITY</a>. If a gem is found in more than one global source, Bundler
will print a warning after installing the gem indicating which source was used,
and listing the other sources where the gem is available. A specific source can
be selected for gems that need to use a non-standard repository, suppressing
this warning, by using the <a href="#SOURCE-source-" data-bare-link="true"><code>:source</code> option</a> or a
<a href="#BLOCK-FORM-OF-SOURCE-GIT-PATH-GROUP-and-PLATFORMS" data-bare-link="true"><code>source</code> block</a>.</p>
<h3 id="CREDENTIALS">Credentials</h3>
<p>Some gem sources require a username and password. Use <a href="bundle-config.1.html">bundle config(1)</a> to set
the username and password for any of the sources that need it. The command must
be run once on each computer that will install the Gemfile, but this keeps the
credentials from being stored in plain text in version control.</p>
<pre><code>bundle config gems.example.com user:password
</code></pre>
<p>For some sources, like a company Gemfury account, it may be easier to
include the credentials in the Gemfile as part of the source URL.</p>
<pre><code>source "https://user:[email protected]"
</code></pre>
<p>Credentials in the source URL will take precedence over credentials set using
<code>config</code>.</p>
<h2 id="RUBY">Ruby</h2>
<p>If your application requires a specific Ruby version or engine, specify your
requirements using the <code>ruby</code> method, with the following arguments.
All parameters are <code>OPTIONAL</code> unless otherwise specified.</p>
<h3 id="VERSION-required-">Version (required)</h3>
<p>The version of Ruby that your application requires. If your application
requires an alternate Ruby engine, such as JRuby or Rubinius, this should be
the Ruby version that the engine is compatible with.</p>
<pre><code>ruby "1.9.3"
</code></pre>
<h3 id="ENGINE">Engine</h3>
<p>Each application <em>may</em> specify a Ruby engine. If an engine is specified, an
engine version <em>must</em> also be specified.</p>
<h3 id="ENGINE-VERSION">Engine Version</h3>
<p>Each application <em>may</em> specify a Ruby engine version. If an engine version is
specified, an engine <em>must</em> also be specified. If the engine is "ruby" the
engine version specified <em>must</em> match the Ruby version.</p>
<pre><code>ruby "1.8.7", :engine => "jruby", :engine_version => "1.6.7"
</code></pre>
<h3 id="PATCHLEVEL">Patchlevel</h3>
<p>Each application <em>may</em> specify a Ruby patchlevel.</p>
<pre><code>ruby "2.0.0", :patchlevel => "247"
</code></pre>
<h2 id="GEMS">Gems</h2>
<p>Specify gem requirements using the <code>gem</code> method, with the following arguments.
All parameters are <code>OPTIONAL</code> unless otherwise specified.</p>
<h3 id="NAME-required-">Name (required)</h3>
<p>For each gem requirement, list a single <em>gem</em> line.</p>
<pre><code>gem "nokogiri"
</code></pre>
<h3 id="VERSION">Version</h3>
<p>Each <em>gem</em> <code>MAY</code> have one or more version specifiers.</p>
<pre><code>gem "nokogiri", ">= 1.4.2"
gem "RedCloth", ">= 4.1.0", "< 4.2.0"
</code></pre>
<h3 id="REQUIRE-AS">Require As</h3>
<p>Each <em>gem</em> <code>MAY</code> specify files that should be used when autorequiring via
<code>Bundler.require</code>. You may pass an array with multiple files or <code>true</code> if file
you want <code>required</code> has same name as <em>gem</em> or <code>false</code> to
prevent any file from being autorequired.</p>
<pre><code>gem "redis", :require => ["redis/connection/hiredis", "redis"]
gem "webmock", :require => false
gem "debugger", :require => true
</code></pre>
<p>The argument defaults to the name of the gem. For example, these are identical:</p>
<pre><code>gem "nokogiri"
gem "nokogiri", :require => "nokogiri"
gem "nokogiri", :require => true
</code></pre>
<h3 id="GROUPS">Groups</h3>
<p>Each <em>gem</em> <code>MAY</code> specify membership in one or more groups. Any <em>gem</em> that does
not specify membership in any group is placed in the <code>default</code> group.</p>
<pre><code>gem "rspec", :group => :test
gem "wirble", :groups => [:development, :test]
</code></pre>
<p>The Bundler runtime allows its two main methods, <code>Bundler.setup</code> and
<code>Bundler.require</code>, to limit their impact to particular groups.</p>
<pre><code># setup adds gems to Ruby's load path
Bundler.setup # defaults to all groups
require "bundler/setup" # same as Bundler.setup
Bundler.setup(:default) # only set up the _default_ group
Bundler.setup(:test) # only set up the _test_ group (but `not` _default_)
Bundler.setup(:default, :test) # set up the _default_ and _test_ groups, but no others

# require requires all of the gems in the specified groups
Bundler.require # defaults to the _default_ group
Bundler.require(:default) # identical
Bundler.require(:default, :test) # requires the _default_ and _test_ groups
Bundler.require(:test) # requires the _test_ group
</code></pre>
<p>The Bundler CLI allows you to specify a list of groups whose gems <code>bundle install</code> should
not install with the <code>--without</code> option. To specify multiple groups to ignore, specify a
list of groups separated by spaces.</p>
<pre><code>bundle install --without test
bundle install --without development test
</code></pre>
<p>After running <code>bundle install --without test</code>, bundler will remember that you excluded
the test group in the last installation. The next time you run <code>bundle install</code>,
without any <code>--without option</code>, bundler will recall it.</p>
<p>Also, calling <code>Bundler.setup</code> with no parameters, or calling <code>require "bundler/setup"</code>
will setup all groups except for the ones you excluded via <code>--without</code> (since they
are not available).</p>
<p>Note that on <code>bundle install</code>, bundler downloads and evaluates all gems, in order to
create a single canonical list of all of the required gems and their dependencies.
This means that you cannot list different versions of the same gems in different
groups. For more details, see <a href="http://bundler.io/rationale.html">Understanding Bundler</a>.</p>
<h3 id="PLATFORMS">Platforms</h3>
<p>If a gem should only be used in a particular platform or set of platforms, you can
specify them. Platforms are essentially identical to groups, except that you do not
need to use the <code>--without</code> install-time flag to exclude groups of gems for other
platforms.</p>
<p>There are a number of <code>Gemfile</code> platforms:</p>
<dl>
<dt class="flush"><code>ruby</code></dt>
<dd>C Ruby (MRI) or Rubinius, but <code>NOT</code> Windows</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>ruby_18</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>ruby</em> <code>AND</code> version 1.8</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>ruby_19</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>ruby</em> <code>AND</code> version 1.9</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>ruby_20</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>ruby</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.0</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>ruby_21</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>ruby</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.1</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>ruby_22</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>ruby</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.2</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>ruby_23</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>ruby</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.3</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>ruby_24</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>ruby</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.4</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>mri</code></dt>
<dd>Same as <em>ruby</em>, but not Rubinius</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>mri_18</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>mri</em> <code>AND</code> version 1.8</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>mri_19</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>mri</em> <code>AND</code> version 1.9</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>mri_20</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>mri</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.0</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>mri_21</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>mri</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.1</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>mri_22</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>mri</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.2</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>mri_23</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>mri</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.3</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>mri_24</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>mri</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.4</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>rbx</code></dt>
<dd>Same as <em>ruby</em>, but only Rubinius (not MRI)</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>jruby</code></dt>
<dd>JRuby</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>mswin</code></dt>
<dd>Windows</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>mingw</code></dt>
<dd>Windows 32 bit 'mingw32' platform (aka RubyInstaller)</dd>
<dt><code>mingw_18</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>mingw</em> <code>AND</code> version 1.8</dd>
<dt><code>mingw_19</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>mingw</em> <code>AND</code> version 1.9</dd>
<dt><code>mingw_20</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>mingw</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.0</dd>
<dt><code>mingw_21</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>mingw</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.1</dd>
<dt><code>mingw_22</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>mingw</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.2</dd>
<dt><code>mingw_23</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>mingw</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.3</dd>
<dt><code>mingw_24</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>mingw</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.4</dd>
<dt><code>x64_mingw</code></dt>
<dd>Windows 64 bit 'mingw32' platform (aka RubyInstaller x64)</dd>
<dt><code>x64_mingw_20</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>x64_mingw</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.0</dd>
<dt><code>x64_mingw_21</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>x64_mingw</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.1</dd>
<dt><code>x64_mingw_22</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>x64_mingw</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.2</dd>
<dt><code>x64_mingw_23</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>x64_mingw</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.3</dd>
<dt><code>x64_mingw_24</code></dt>
<dd>
<em>x64_mingw</em> <code>AND</code> version 2.4</dd>
</dl>
<p>As with groups, you can specify one or more platforms:</p>
<pre><code>gem "weakling", :platforms => :jruby
gem "ruby-debug", :platforms => :mri_18
gem "nokogiri", :platforms => [:mri_18, :jruby]
</code></pre>
<p>All operations involving groups (<code>bundle install</code>, <code>Bundler.setup</code>,
<code>Bundler.require</code>) behave exactly the same as if any groups not
matching the current platform were explicitly excluded.</p>
<h3 id="SOURCE">Source</h3>
<p>You can select an alternate Rubygems repository for a gem using the ':source'
option.</p>
<pre><code>gem "some_internal_gem", :source => "https://gems.example.com"
</code></pre>
<p>This forces the gem to be loaded from this source and ignores any global sources
declared at the top level of the file. If the gem does not exist in this source,
it will not be installed.</p>
<p>Bundler will search for child dependencies of this gem by first looking in the
source selected for the parent, but if they are not found there, it will fall
back on global sources using the ordering described in <a href="#SOURCE-PRIORITY" title="SOURCE PRIORITY" data-bare-link="true">SOURCE PRIORITY</a>.</p>
<p>Selecting a specific source repository this way also suppresses the ambiguous
gem warning described above in
<a href="#GLOBAL-SOURCES-source-" data-bare-link="true">GLOBAL SOURCES (#source)</a>.</p>
<h3 id="GIT">Git</h3>
<p>If necessary, you can specify that a gem is located at a particular
git repository using the <code>:git</code> parameter. The repository can be accessed via
several protocols:</p>
<dl>
<dt class="flush"><code>HTTP(S)</code></dt>
<dd>gem "rails", :git => "https://github.com/rails/rails.git"</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>SSH</code></dt>
<dd>gem "rails", :git => "[email protected]:rails/rails.git"</dd>
<dt class="flush"><code>git</code></dt>
<dd>gem "rails", :git => "git://github.com/rails/rails.git"</dd>
</dl>
<p>If using SSH, the user that you use to run <code>bundle install</code> <code>MUST</code> have the
appropriate keys available in their <code>$HOME/.ssh</code>.</p>
<p><code>NOTE</code>: <code>http://</code> and <code>git://</code> URLs should be avoided if at all possible. These
protocols are unauthenticated, so a man-in-the-middle attacker can deliver
malicious code and compromise your system. HTTPS and SSH are strongly
preferred.</p>
<p>The <code>group</code>, <code>platforms</code>, and <code>require</code> options are available and behave
exactly the same as they would for a normal gem.</p>
<p>A git repository <code>SHOULD</code> have at least one file, at the root of the
directory containing the gem, with the extension <code>.gemspec</code>. This file
<code>MUST</code> contain a valid gem specification, as expected by the <code>gem build</code>
command.</p>
<p>If a git repository does not have a <code>.gemspec</code>, bundler will attempt to
create one, but it will not contain any dependencies, executables, or
C extension compilation instructions. As a result, it may fail to properly
integrate into your application.</p>
<p>If a git repository does have a <code>.gemspec</code> for the gem you attached it
to, a version specifier, if provided, means that the git repository is
only valid if the <code>.gemspec</code> specifies a version matching the version
specifier. If not, bundler will print a warning.</p>
<pre><code>gem "rails", "2.3.8", :git => "https://github.com/rails/rails.git"
# bundle install will fail, because the .gemspec in the rails
# repository's master branch specifies version 3.0.0
</code></pre>
<p>If a git repository does <code>not</code> have a <code>.gemspec</code> for the gem you attached
it to, a version specifier <code>MUST</code> be provided. Bundler will use this
version in the simple <code>.gemspec</code> it creates.</p>
<p>Git repositories support a number of additional options.</p>
<dl>
<dt>
<code>branch</code>, <code>tag</code>, and <code>ref</code>
</dt>
<dd>You <code>MUST</code> only specify at most one of these options. The default
is <code>:branch => "master"</code>
</dd>
<dt><code>submodules</code></dt>
<dd>Specify <code>:submodules => true</code> to cause bundler to expand any
submodules included in the git repository</dd>
</dl>
<p>If a git repository contains multiple <code>.gemspecs</code>, each <code>.gemspec</code>
represents a gem located at the same place in the file system as
the <code>.gemspec</code>.</p>
<pre><code>|~rails [git root]
| |-rails.gemspec [rails gem located here]
|~actionpack
| |-actionpack.gemspec [actionpack gem located here]
|~activesupport
| |-activesupport.gemspec [activesupport gem located here]
|...
</code></pre>
<p>To install a gem located in a git repository, bundler changes to
the directory containing the gemspec, runs <code>gem build name.gemspec</code>
and then installs the resulting gem. The <code>gem build</code> command,
which comes standard with Rubygems, evaluates the <code>.gemspec</code> in
the context of the directory in which it is located.</p>
<h3 id="GIT-SOURCE">Git Source</h3>
<p>A custom git source can be defined via the <code>git_source</code> method. Provide the source's name
as an argument, and a block which receives a single argument and interpolates it into a
string to return the full repo address:</p>
<pre><code>git_source(:stash){ |repo_name| "https://stash.corp.acme.pl/#{repo_name}.git" }
gem 'rails', :stash => 'forks/rails'
</code></pre>
<p>In addition, if you wish to choose a specific branch:</p>
<pre><code>gem "rails", :stash => "forks/rails", :branch => "branch_name"
</code></pre>
<h3 id="GITHUB">Github</h3>
<p><code>NOTE</code>: This shorthand should be avoided until Bundler 2.0, since it
currently expands to an insecure <code>git://</code> URL. This allows a
man-in-the-middle attacker to compromise your system.</p>
<p>If the git repository you want to use is hosted on GitHub and is public, you can use the
:github shorthand to specify the github username and repository name (without the
trailing ".git"), separated by a slash. If both the username and repository name are the
same, you can omit one.</p>
<pre><code>gem "rails", :github => "rails/rails"
gem "rails", :github => "rails"
</code></pre>
<p>Are both equivalent to</p>
<pre><code>gem "rails", :git => "git://github.com/rails/rails.git"
</code></pre>
<p>Since the <code>github</code> method is a specialization of <code>git_source</code>, it accepts a <code>:branch</code> named argument.</p>
<h3 id="GIST">Gist</h3>
<p>If the git repository you want to use is hosted as a Github Gist and is public, you can use
the :gist shorthand to specify the gist identifier (without the trailing ".git").</p>
<pre><code>gem "the_hatch", :gist => "4815162342"
</code></pre>
<p>Is equivalent to:</p>
<pre><code>gem "the_hatch", :git => "https://gist.github.com/4815162342.git"
</code></pre>
<p>Since the <code>gist</code> method is a specialization of <code>git_source</code>, it accepts a <code>:branch</code> named argument.</p>
<h3 id="BITBUCKET">Bitbucket</h3>
<p>If the git repository you want to use is hosted on Bitbucket and is public, you can use the
:bitbucket shorthand to specify the bitbucket username and repository name (without the
trailing ".git"), separated by a slash. If both the username and repository name are the
same, you can omit one.</p>
<pre><code>gem "rails", :bitbucket => "rails/rails"
gem "rails", :bitbucket => "rails"
</code></pre>
<p>Are both equivalent to</p>
<pre><code>gem "rails", :git => "https://[email protected]/rails/rails.git"
</code></pre>
<p>Since the <code>bitbucket</code> method is a specialization of <code>git_source</code>, it accepts a <code>:branch</code> named argument.</p>
<h3 id="PATH">Path</h3>
<p>You can specify that a gem is located in a particular location
on the file system. Relative paths are resolved relative to the
directory containing the <code>Gemfile</code>.</p>
<p>Similar to the semantics of the <code>:git</code> option, the <code>:path</code>
option requires that the directory in question either contains
a <code>.gemspec</code> for the gem, or that you specify an explicit
version that bundler should use.</p>
<p>Unlike <code>:git</code>, bundler does not compile C extensions for
gems specified as paths.</p>
<pre><code>gem "rails", :path => "vendor/rails"
</code></pre>
<p>If you would like to use multiple local gems directly from the filesystem, you can set a global <code>path</code> option to the path containing the gem's files. This will automatically load gemspec files from subdirectories.</p>
<pre><code>path 'components' do
 gem 'admin_ui'
 gem 'public_ui'
end
</code></pre>
<h2 id="BLOCK-FORM-OF-SOURCE-GIT-PATH-GROUP-and-PLATFORMS">Block Form Of Source, Git, Path, Group And Platforms</h2>
<p>The <code>:source</code>, <code>:git</code>, <code>:path</code>, <code>:group</code>, and <code>:platforms</code> options may be
applied to a group of gems by using block form.</p>
<pre><code>source "https://gems.example.com" do
 gem "some_internal_gem"
 gem "another_internal_gem"
end

git "https://github.com/rails/rails.git" do
 gem "activesupport"
 gem "actionpack"
end

platforms :ruby do
 gem "ruby-debug"
 gem "sqlite3"
end

group :development, :optional => true do
 gem "wirble"
 gem "faker"
end
</code></pre>
<p>In the case of the group block form the :optional option can be given
to prevent a group from being installed unless listed in the <code>--with</code>
option given to the <code>bundle install</code> command.</p>
<p>In the case of the <code>git</code> block form, the <code>:ref</code>, <code>:branch</code>, <code>:tag</code>,
and <code>:submodules</code> options may be passed to the <code>git</code> method, and
all gems in the block will inherit those options.</p>
<h2 id="INSTALL_IF">Install_if</h2>
<p>The <code>install_if</code> method allows gems to be installed based on a proc or lambda.
This is especially useful for optional gems that can only be used if certain
software is installed or some other conditions are met.</p>
<pre><code>install_if -> { RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /darwin/ } do
 gem "pasteboard"
end
</code></pre>
<h2 id="GEMSPEC">Gemspec</h2>
<p>If you wish to use Bundler to help install dependencies for a gem while it is
being developed, use the <code>gemspec</code> method to pull in the dependencies listed in
the <code>.gemspec</code> file.</p>
<p>The <code>gemspec</code> method adds any runtime dependencies as gem requirements in the
default group. It also adds development dependencies as gem requirements in the
<code>development</code> group. Finally, it adds a gem requirement on your project (<code>:path
=> '.'</code>). In conjunction with <code>Bundler.setup</code>, this allows you to require project
files in your test code as you would if the project were installed as a gem; you
need not manipulate the load path manually or require project files via relative
paths.</p>
<p>The <code>gemspec</code> method supports optional <code>:path</code>, <code>:glob</code>, <code>:name</code>, and <code>:development_group</code>
options, which control where bundler looks for the <code>.gemspec</code>, the glob it uses to look
for the gemspec (defaults to: "{,<em>,</em>/*}.gemspec"), what named <code>.gemspec</code> it uses
(if more than one is present), and which group development dependencies are included in.</p>
<p>When a <code>gemspec</code> dependency encounters version conflicts during resolution, the
local version under development will always be selected -- even if there are
remote versions that better match other requirements for the <code>gemspec</code> gem.</p>
<h2 id="SOURCE-PRIORITY">Source Priority</h2>
<p>When attempting to locate a gem to satisfy a gem requirement,
bundler uses the following priority order:</p>
<ol>
<li>The source explicitly attached to the gem (using <code>:source</code>, <code>:path</code>, or
<code>:git</code>)</li>
<li>For implicit gems (dependencies of explicit gems), any source, git, or path
repository declared on the parent. This results in bundler prioritizing the
ActiveSupport gem from the Rails git repository over ones from
<code>rubygems.org</code>
</li>
<li>The sources specified via global <code>source</code> lines, searching each source in
your <code>Gemfile</code> from last added to first added.</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
<div class='col-12 col-md-3 mt-4' id='sidebar-wrapper'>
<div class='sidebar-nav'>
<h4>Guides</h4>
<ul>
<li class=''>
<a href="/v1.15/guides/creating_gem.html">Developing a RubyGem using Bundler</a>
</li>
<li class='separator'>
<hr>
</li>
<li class=''>
<a href="/v1.15/guides/using_bundler_in_applications.html">Using Bundler In Applications</a>
</li>
<li class='separator'>
<hr>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script src="/anchors.min.js"></script>
<div class='bg-light-blue'>
<div class='container'>
<div class='contents'>
<div class='edit-on-github text-center'>
This document is obsolete. <a href="/v2.3/man/gemfile.5.html">See the latest version of this document</a> if you caught an error or noticed something was missing, it may be fixed there.
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class='footer'>
<nav class='navbar justify-content-center'>
<ul class='navbar-nav'>
<li class='nav-item'><a href="/docs.html" class="nav-link px-3">Docs</a></li>
<li class='nav-item'><a href="/contributors.html" class="nav-link px-3">Team</a></li>
<li class='nav-item'><a href="/blog" class="nav-link px-3">Blog</a></li>
<li class='nav-item'><a href="/about.html" class="nav-link px-3">About</a></li>
<li class='nav-item'><a href="https://github.com/rubygems/rubygems/tree/master/bundler" class="nav-link px-3">Repository</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</body>
</html>