diff --git a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/ast/TreeInfo.scala b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/ast/TreeInfo.scala
index c3ee7252cf7b..1345d3f012e4 100644
--- a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/ast/TreeInfo.scala
+++ b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/ast/TreeInfo.scala
@@ -627,6 +627,8 @@ trait TypedTreeInfo extends TreeInfo[Type] { self: Trees.Instance[Type] =>
       minOf(exprPurity(expr), bindings.map(statPurity))
     case NamedArg(_, expr) =>
       exprPurity(expr)
+    case Assign(v, rhs) =>
+      exprPurity(v) `min` exprPurity(rhs)
     case _ =>
       Impure
   }
diff --git a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/Erasure.scala b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/Erasure.scala
index d01fd58450c5..8350072a4158 100644
--- a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/Erasure.scala
+++ b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/Erasure.scala
@@ -888,6 +888,14 @@ object Erasure {
         super.typedValDef(untpd.cpy.ValDef(vdef)(
           tpt = untpd.TypedSplice(TypeTree(sym.info).withSpan(vdef.tpt.span))), sym)
 
+    /** Type check assignments, erasing those to erased variables. */
+    override def typedAssign(tree: untpd.Assign, pt: Type)(using Context): Tree =
+      val untpd.Assign(lhs, rhs) = tree
+      if lhs.symbol.is(Flags.Erased) then
+        checkPureErased(rhs, isArgument = false)
+        EmptyTree
+      else super.typedAssign(tree, pt)
+
     /** Besides normal typing, this function also compacts anonymous functions
      *  with more than `MaxImplementedFunctionArity` parameters to use a single
      *  parameter of type `[]Object`.
diff --git a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/InstrumentCoverage.scala b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/InstrumentCoverage.scala
index fd859158b566..c55d3ecc0eec 100644
--- a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/InstrumentCoverage.scala
+++ b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/InstrumentCoverage.scala
@@ -522,8 +522,10 @@ class InstrumentCoverage extends MacroTransform with IdentityDenotTransformer:
               tree
 
           case tree: Assign =>
-            // only transform the rhs
-            cpy.Assign(tree)(tree.lhs, transform(tree.rhs))
+            if tree.lhs.symbol.is(Erased) then tree
+            else
+              // only transform the rhs
+              cpy.Assign(tree)(tree.lhs, transform(tree.rhs))
 
           case tree: Return =>
             // only transform the expr, because `from` is a "pointer"
diff --git a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/typer/Checking.scala b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/typer/Checking.scala
index 58f38d10a2b3..895a7142a7bf 100644
--- a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/typer/Checking.scala
+++ b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/typer/Checking.scala
@@ -593,8 +593,8 @@ object Checking {
   end checkScala2Implicit
 
   def checkErasedOK(sym: Symbol)(using Context): Unit =
-    if sym.is(Method, butNot = Macro)
-        || sym.isOneOf(Mutable | Lazy)
+    if sym.is(Method, butNot = Macro | Accessor)
+        || sym.isOneOf(Lazy)
         || sym.isType
     then report.error(IllegalErasedDef(sym), sym.srcPos)
 
diff --git a/tests/neg/erased-var.scala b/tests/neg/erased-var.scala
index 51c9221e3bd9..e752dfbd0ce7 100644
--- a/tests/neg/erased-var.scala
+++ b/tests/neg/erased-var.scala
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 //> using options -language:experimental.erasedDefinitions
 
-object Test {
-  erased var i: Int = 1 // error
-}
+case class Ev(i: Int)
+
+object A:
+  var ev = Ev(0)
+  erased val m: Unit = { // error
+    ev = Ev(1)
+  }
diff --git a/tests/pos/erased-var.scala b/tests/pos/erased-var.scala
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f03957e171cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/pos/erased-var.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//> using options -language:experimental.erasedDefinitions
+
+case class Ev(i: Int)
+
+def foo(x: Int)(erased ev: Ev): Int = x + 1
+
+object A:
+  erased var ev = Ev(0)
+  ev = Ev(1)
+  foo(1)(ev)
+