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build.sh
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#!/bin/bash
# ================================================================== #
# Ubuntu 10.04 web server build shell script
# ================================================================== #
# Parts copyright (c) 2012 Matt Thomas http://betweenbrain.com
# This script is licensed under GNU GPL version 2.0 or above
# ================================================================== #
#
#
#
# ================================================================== #
# Define system specific details in this section #
# ================================================================== #
#
HOSTNAME=
SYSTEMIP=
DOMAIN=
LANGUAGE=
CHARSET=
SSHPORT=
IGNOREIP=
USER=
ADMINEMAIL=
PUBLICKEY="ssh-rsa ... [email protected]"
# ================================================================== #
# End system specific details #
# ================================================================== #
#
echo
echo "System updates and basic setup"
echo "==============================================================="
echo
echo
echo
echo "First things first, let's make sure we have the latest updates."
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
aptitude update && aptitude -y safe-upgrade
#
echo
echo "Setting the hostname."
# http://library.linode.com/getting-started
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
echo
echo
#
echo "$HOSTNAME" > /etc/hostname
hostname -F /etc/hostname
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Updating /etc/hosts."
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
mv /etc/hosts /etc/hosts.bak
#
echo "
127.0.0.1 localhost
$SYSTEMIP $HOSTNAME.$DOMAIN $HOSTNAME
::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
ff02::3 ip6-allhosts
" >> /etc/hosts
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Setting the proper timezone."
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Synchronize the system clock with an NTP server"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
aptitude install -y ntp
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Setting the language and charset"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
locale-gen $LANGUAGE.$CHARSET
/usr/sbin/update-locale LANG=$LANGUAGE.$CHARSET
#
# ================================================================== #
# SSH Security #
# https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SSH/OpenSSH/Configuring #
# ================================================================== #
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Change SSH port"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
sed -i "s/Port 22/Port $SSHPORT/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Instruct sshd to listen only on a specific IP address."
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
echo
#
sed -i "s/#ListenAddress 0.0.0.0/ListenAddress $SYSTEMIP/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Ensure that sshd starts after eth0 is up, not just after filesystem"
# http://blog.roberthallam.org/2010/06/sshd-not-running-at-startup/
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
sed -i "s/start on filesystem/start on filesystem and net-device-up IFACE=eth0/g" /etc/init/ssh.conf
#
echo
echo
echo
echo
echo "Disabling root ssh login"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
sed -i "s/PermitRootLogin yes/PermitRootLogin no/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Disabling password authentication"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
sed -i "s/#PasswordAuthentication yes/PasswordAuthentication no/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Disabling X11 forwarding"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
sed -i "s/X11Forwarding yes/X11Forwarding no/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Disabling sshd DNS resolution"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
echo "UseDNS no" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Creating new primary user"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Script to add a user to Linux system
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Copyright (c) 2007 nixCraft project <http://bash.cyberciti.biz/>
# This script is licensed under GNU GPL version 2.0 or above
# Comment/suggestion: <vivek at nixCraft DOT com>
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
# See url for more info:
# http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/howto-write-shell-script-to-add-user.html
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
if [ $(id -u) -eq 0 ]; then
# read -p "Enter username of who can connect via SSH: " USER
read -s -p "Enter password of user who can connect via SSH: " PASSWORD
egrep "^$USER" /etc/passwd >/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
echo "$USER exists!"
exit 1
else
pass=$(perl -e 'print crypt($ARGV[0], "password")' $PASSWORD)
useradd -s /bin/bash -m -d /home/$USER -U -p $pass $USER
[ $? -eq 0 ] && echo "$USER has been added to system!" || echo "Failed to add a $USER!"
fi
else
echo "Only root may add a user to the system"
exit 2
fi
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
# End script to add a user to Linux system
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Adding $USER to SSH AllowUsers"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
echo "AllowUsers $USER" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Adding $USER to sudoers"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
cp /etc/sudoers /etc/sudoers.tmp
chmod 0640 /etc/sudoers.tmp
echo "$USER ALL=(ALL) ALL" >> /etc/sudoers.tmp
chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.tmp
mv /etc/sudoers.tmp /etc/sudoers
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Adding ssh key"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
mkdir /home/$USER/.ssh
touch /home/$USER/.ssh/authorized_keys
echo $PUBLICKEY >> /home/$USER/.ssh/authorized_keys
chown -R $USER:$USER /home/$USER/.ssh
chmod 700 /home/$USER/.ssh
chmod 600 /home/$USER/.ssh/authorized_keys
#
sed -i "s/#AuthorizedKeysFile/AuthorizedKeysFile/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
#
/etc/init.d/ssh restart
#
# ================================================================== #
# IPtables #
# ================================================================== #
#
echo "Installing IPTables firewall"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
aptitude install -y iptables
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Setting up basic(!) rules for IPTables. Modify as needed, with care :)"
# http://www.thegeekstuff.com/scripts/iptables-rules
# http://wiki.centos.org/HowTos/Network/IPTables
# https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IptablesHowTo
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
# Flush old rules
iptables -F
# Allow SSH connections on tcp port $SSHPORT
# This is essential when working on remote servers via SSH to prevent locking yourself out of the system
#
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport $SSHPORT -j ACCEPT
# Set default chain policies
iptables -P INPUT DROP
iptables -P FORWARD DROP
iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT
# Accept packets belonging to established and related connections
iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
# Allow loopback access
iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT
# Allow incoming HTTP
iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -p tcp --sport 80 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
# Allow outgoing HTTPS
iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --sport 80 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
# Allow incoming HTTPS
iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 443 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -p tcp --sport 443 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
# Allow outgoing HTTPS
iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -p tcp --dport 443 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --sport 443 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
# Ping from inside to outside
iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-reply -j ACCEPT
# Ping from outside to inside
iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-reply -j ACCEPT
# Allow packets from internal network to reach external network.
# if eth1 is external, eth0 is internal
iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -j ACCEPT
# Allow Sendmail or Postfix
iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 25 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -p tcp --sport 25 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
# Help prevent DoS attack
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -m limit --limit 25/minute --limit-burst 100 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -m limit --limit 25/minute --limit-burst 100 -j ACCEPT
# Log dropped packets
iptables -N LOGGING
iptables -A INPUT -j LOGGING
iptables -I INPUT -m limit --limit 5/min -j LOG --log-prefix "Iptables Dropped Packet: " --log-level 7
iptables -A LOGGING -j DROP
# Create the script to load the rules
echo "#!/bin/sh
iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.rules
" > /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/iptablesload
# Create the script to save current rules
echo "#!/bin/sh
iptables-save > /etc/iptables.rules
if [ -f /etc/iptables.downrules ]; then
iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.downrules
fi
" > /etc/network/if-post-down.d/iptablessave
# Ensure they are executible
chmod +x /etc/network/if-post-down.d/iptablessave
chmod +x /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/iptablesload
#
/etc/init.d/networking restart
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Establish IPTables logging, and rotation of logs"
# http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=668148
# https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LucidLynx/ReleaseNotes#line-178
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
echo "#IPTables logging
kern.debug;kern.info /var/log/firewall.log
" > /etc/rsyslog.d/firewall.conf
#
/etc/init.d/rsyslog restart
#
mkdir /var/log/old/
#
echo "/var/log/firewall.log {
weekly
missingok
rotate 13
compress
delaycompress
notifempty
create 640 syslog adm
olddir /var/log/old/
}
" > /etc/logrotate.d/firewall
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Adding a bit of color and formatting to the command prompt"
# http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=810590
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
echo '
export PS1="${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ "
' >> /home/$USER/.bashrc
source /home/$USER/.bashrc
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Installing debconf utilities"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
aptitude install -y debconf-utils
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Install and configure postfix as email gateway (send only)"
# http://library.linode.com/email/postfix/gateway-ubuntu-10.04-lucid
echo "The value you assign as your system's FQDN should have an \"A\" record in DNS pointing to your IPv4 address."
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
echo "postfix postfix/main_mailer_type select Internet Site" | debconf-set-selections
echo "postfix postfix/mailname string $HOSTNAME.$DOMAIN" | debconf-set-selections
echo "postfix postfix/destinations string localhost.localdomain, localhost" | debconf-set-selections
#
aptitude -y install postfix mailutils
#
ln -s /usr/bin/mail /bin/mail
#
sed -i "s/#myorigin = \/etc\/mailname/myorigin = $DOMAIN/g" /etc/postfix/main.cf
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Configure postfix to send email addressed to $USER@$HOSTNAME.$DOMAIN to $ADMINEMAIL."
# http://www.postfix.org/STANDARD_CONFIGURATION_README.html#some_local
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
echo "$USER@$HOSTNAME.$DOMAIN $ADMINEMAIL" > /etc/postfix/virtual
postmap /etc/postfix/virtual
#
/etc/init.d/postfix restart
#
# ================================================================== #
# Web Server #
# ================================================================== #
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Installing Apache threaded server (MPM Worker)"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
aptitude -y install apache2-mpm-worker apache2-suexec
echo "ServerName $HOSTNAME" > /etc/apache2/conf.d/servername.conf
sed -i "s/Timeout 300/Timeout 30/g" /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
#
/etc/init.d/apache2 restart
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Disabling default site"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
a2dissite default
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Creating directories for $DOMAIN in $USER's home directory"
echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
#
mkdir -p /home/$USER/public_html/$DOMAIN/{cgi-bin,log,log/old,www}
echo "<?php echo '<h1>$DOMAIN works!</h1>'; ?>" > /home/$USER/public_html/$DOMAIN/www/index.php
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Setting correct ownership and permissions for $DOMAIN"
echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
#
chown -R $USER:$USER /home/$USER/public_html
find /home/$USER/public_html/$DOMAIN/ -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \;
find /home/$USER/public_html/$DOMAIN/ -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \;
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Creating VirtualHost for $DOMAIN"
# http://www.howtoforge.com/how-to-set-up-apache2-with-mod_fcgid-and-php5-on-ubuntu-8.10
echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
#
echo "<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot /home/$USER/public_html/$DOMAIN/www
ServerName $DOMAIN
ServerAlias www.$DOMAIN
ServerAdmin webmaster@$DOMAIN
ServerSignature Off
LogLevel warn
ErrorLog /home/$USER/public_html/$DOMAIN/log/error.log
CustomLog /home/$USER/public_html/$DOMAIN/log/access.log combined
<IfModule mod_fcgid.c>
SuexecUserGroup $USER $USER
<Directory /home/$USER/public_html/$DOMAIN/www>
Options FollowSymLinks +ExecCGI
AddHandler fcgid-script .php
FCGIWrapper /var/www/php-fcgi-scripts/$DOMAIN/php-wrapper .php
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
</Directory>
</IfModule>
</VirtualHost>
<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
<VirtualHost *:443>
DocumentRoot /home/$USER/public_html/$DOMAIN/www
ServerName $DOMAIN
ServerAlias www.$DOMAIN
ServerAdmin webmaster@$DOMAIN
ServerSignature Off
LogLevel warn
ErrorLog /home/$USER/public_html/$DOMAIN/log/ssl_error.log
CustomLog /home/$USER/public_html/$DOMAIN/log/ssl_access.log combined
# See /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
<FilesMatch \"\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$\">
SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
</FilesMatch>
<Directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin>
SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
</Directory>
BrowserMatch \"MSIE [2-6]\" \\
nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \\
downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0
# MSIE 7 and newer should be able to use keepalive
BrowserMatch \"MSIE [17-9]\" ssl-unclean-shutdown
<IfModule mod_fcgid.c>
SuexecUserGroup $USER $USER
<Directory /home/$USER/public_html/$DOMAIN/www>
Options FollowSymLinks +ExecCGI
AddHandler fcgid-script .php
FCGIWrapper /var/www/php-fcgi-scripts/$DOMAIN/php-wrapper .php
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
</Directory>
</IfModule>
</VirtualHost>
</IfModule>
" > /etc/apache2/sites-available/$DOMAIN
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Creating fcgi wrapper for $DOMAIN, making it executable and setting owner"
# http://httpd.apache.org/mod_fcgid/mod/mod_fcgid.html
echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
#
mkdir /var/www/php-fcgi-scripts/
mkdir /var/www/php-fcgi-scripts/$DOMAIN/
#
echo "#!/bin/sh
export PHPRC=/etc/php5/cgi/
export PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS=1000
export PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN=0
exec /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php
" > /var/www/php-fcgi-scripts/$DOMAIN/php-wrapper
#
chmod 755 /var/www/php-fcgi-scripts/$DOMAIN/php-wrapper
#
chown -R $USER:$USER /var/www/php-fcgi-scripts/$DOMAIN
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Adding logrotate conf for $DOMAIN"
echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
#
echo "/home/$USER/public_html/$DOMAIN/log/*.log {
weekly
missingok
rotate 52
compress
delaycompress
notifempty
create 640 $USER $USER
olddir /home/$USER/public_html/$DOMAIN/log/old/
}
" > /etc/logrotate.d/$DOMAIN
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Enabling site $DOMAIN, restarting apache"
echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
#
a2ensite $DOMAIN
/etc/init.d/apache2 restart
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Enable Apache modules"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
echo
#
a2enmod rewrite headers expires deflate ssl suexec
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Disable Apache modules"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
echo
#
a2dismod status cgid
#
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Add mod_expires configuration. WARNING: May cause issues with pages that change content dynamically."
# https://akeeba.assembla.com/code/master-htaccess/git/nodes/htaccess.txt
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
echo "<IfModule mod_expires.c>
# Enable expiration control
ExpiresActive On
# Default expiration: 1 hour after request
ExpiresDefault \"now plus 1 hour\"
# CSS and JS expiration: 1 week after request
ExpiresByType text/css \"now plus 1 week\"
ExpiresByType application/javascript \"now plus 1 week\"
ExpiresByType application/x-javascript \"now plus 1 week\"
# Image files expiration: 1 month after request
ExpiresByType image/bmp \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType image/gif \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType image/jpeg \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType image/jp2 \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType image/pipeg \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType image/png \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType image/svg+xml \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType image/tiff \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType image/vnd.microsoft.icon \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType image/x-icon \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType image/ico \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType image/icon \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType text/ico \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType application/ico \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType image/vnd.wap.wbmp \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType application/vnd.wap.wbxml \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType application/smil \"now plus 1 month\"
# Audio files expiration: 1 month after request
ExpiresByType audio/basic \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType audio/mid \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType audio/midi \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType audio/mpeg \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType audio/x-aiff \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType audio/x-mpegurl \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType audio/x-pn-realaudio \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType audio/x-wav \"now plus 1 month\"
# Movie files expiration: 1 month after request
ExpiresByType application/x-shockwave-flash \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType x-world/x-vrml \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType video/x-msvideo \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType video/mpeg \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType video/mp4 \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType video/quicktime \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType video/x-la-asf \"now plus 1 month\"
ExpiresByType video/x-ms-asf \"now plus 1 month\"
</IfModule>
" >> /etc/apache2/conf.d/mod-expires.conf
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Add mod_deflate configuration"
# https://akeeba.assembla.com/code/master-htaccess/git/nodes/htaccess.txt
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
echo "<IfModule mod_deflate.c>
<Location />
# Insert filter
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/plain text/html text/xml text/css application/xml application/xhtml+xml application/rss+xml application/javascript application/x-javascript
# Netscape 4.x has some problems...
BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4 gzip-only-text/html
# Netscape 4.06-4.08 have some more problems
BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4\.0[678] no-gzip
# MSIE masquerades as Netscape, but it is fine
# BrowserMatch \bMSIE !no-gzip !gzip-only-text/html
# NOTE: Due to a bug in mod_setenvif up to Apache 2.0.48
# the above regex won't work. You can use the following
# workaround to get the desired effect:
BrowserMatch \bMSI[E] !no-gzip !gzip-only-text/html
# Don't compress images
SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI \\
\.(?:gif|jpe?g|png)$ no-gzip dont-vary
# Make sure proxies don't deliver the wrong content
Header append Vary User-Agent env=!dont-vary
</Location>
</IfModule>
" >> /etc/apache2/conf.d/mod-deflate.conf
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Custom Apache2 settings"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
echo "# Keep connections alive for only a few seconds
KeepAlive On
KeepAliveTimeout 3
# Allow named virtual hosts on port 443
NameVirtualHost *:443
" >> /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Installing Apache2 Utils"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
aptitude install -y apache2-utils
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Install MySQL and MySQL modules"
# https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ApacheMySQLPHP
echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
#
aptitude -y install mysql-server && mysql_secure_installation
#
aptitude -y install libapache2-mod-auth-mysql
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Install fcgid, PHP, and PHP modules"
# https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ApacheMySQLPHP
echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
#
aptitude -y install libapache2-mod-fcgid php5-cgi php5-cli php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php5-mhash php5-suhosin php5-xmlrpc php5-xsl
#
a2enmod fcgid
#
/etc/init.d/apache2 restart
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Fixing PHP Deprecated notice in /etc/php5/cli/conf.d/mcrypt.ini"
# http://www.asim.pk/2010/06/21/php-depreciated-errors-on-ubuntu-10-04-lts/
echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
#
sed -i "s/# configuration for php MCrypt module/; configuration for php MCrypt module/g" /etc/php5/cli/conf.d/mcrypt.ini
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Configuring fcgid"
echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
#
echo "AddHandler fcgid-script .fcgi .php
# Location of php.ini file
DefaultInitEnv PHPRC \"/etc/php5/cgi\"
# Maximum number of PHP processes
# Default 1000
FcgidMaxProcesses 100
# Number of seconds of idle time before a process is terminated
# Default 40
FcgidIOTimeout 30
# Default 300
FcgidIdleTimeout 120
# Idle application processes which have existed for greater than this time will be terminated
# Default 3600
FcgidProcessLifeTime 60
#Or use this if you use the file above
FCGIWrapper /usr/bin/php-cgi .php
" > /etc/apache2/conf.d/php-fcgid.conf
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Configuring apach mpm worker module"
echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
#
echo "# Combined with ThreadLimit to set maximum configured value for MaxClients
# Default 16
ServerLimit 10
# Sets the maximum configured value for ThreadsPerChild
# Default 64
# ThreadLimit 64
# Number of child server processes created on startup
# Default 3
StartServers 2
# Minimum number of idle threads to handle request spikes
# Default 75
MinSpareThreads 5
# Minimum number of idle threads to handle request spikes
# Default 250
MaxSpareThreads 10
# Number of threads created by each child process
# Default 25
ThreadsPerChild 10
# Number of simultaneous requests that will be served, integer multiple of ThreadsPerChild
# Default 16
# Linode 512: MaxClients 25 or less
# Linode 1024: MaxClients 50 or less
# Linode 1536: MaxClients 75 or less
# Linode 2048: MaxClients 100 or less
MaxClients 20
# Number of requests that an individual child server process will handle
# Default 1000
# 0 = process will never expire
MaxRequestsPerChild 100
" > /etc/apache2/conf.d/mpm-worker.conf
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Tweaking PHP settings"
# http://docs.joomla.org/Security_Checklist_2_-_Hosting_and_Server_Setup#Use_PHP_disable_functions
echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
#
sed -i "s/memory_limit = 128M/memory_limit = 48M/g" /etc/php5/cgi/php.ini
sed -i "s/upload_max_filesize = 2M/upload_max_filesize = 20M/g" /etc/php5/cgi/php.ini
sed -i "s/output_buffering = 4096/output_buffering = Off/g" /etc/php5/cgi/php.ini
# sed -i "s/allow_url_fopen = On/allow_url_fopen = Off/g" /etc/php5/cgi/php.ini
sed -i "s/allow_url_include = On/allow_url_include = Off/g" /etc/php5/cgi/php.ini
sed -i "s/expose_php = On/expose_php = Off/g" /etc/php5/cgi/php.ini
sed -i "s/disable_functions =/disable_functions = show_source, system, shell_exec, passthru, exec, popen, proc_open/g" /etc/php5/cgi/php.ini
#
# ================================================================== #
# Server Security #
# ================================================================== #
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Linux kernel hardening"
# http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-kernel-etcsysctl-conf-security-hardening/
echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
#
cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf.bak
#
sed -i "s/#net.ipv4.ip_forward=1/net.ipv4.ip_forward=0/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
sed -i "s/#net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=1/net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=0/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
sed -i "s/#net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1/net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
sed -i "s/#net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses = 1/net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses = 1/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
sed -i "s/#net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0/net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
sed -i "s/#net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0/net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
sed -i "s/#net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0/net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
sed -i "s/#net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0/net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
sed -i "s/#net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0/net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
sed -i "s/#net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians = 1/net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians = 1/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
#
echo "#
# Controls the use of TCP syncookies
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
# Increasing free memory
vm.min_free_kbytes = 16384
" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
#
sysctl -p
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Installing and configuring logwatch for log monitoring"
# https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Logwatch
echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
#
aptitude -y install logwatch
mkdir /var/cache/logwatch
cp /usr/share/logwatch/default.conf/logwatch.conf /etc/logwatch/conf/
#
sed -i "s/MailTo = root/MailTo = $ADMINEMAIL/g" /etc/logwatch/conf/logwatch.conf
sed -i "s/Detail = Low/Detail = High/g" /etc/logwatch/conf/logwatch.conf
sed -i "s/Format = text/Format = html/g" /etc/logwatch/conf/logwatch.conf
#
cp /usr/share/logwatch/default.conf/logfiles/http.conf to /etc/logwatch/conf/logfiles
#
echo "
# Log files for $DOMAIN
LogFile = /home/$USER/public_html/$DOMAIN/log/access.log
LogFile = /home/$USER/public_html/$DOMAIN/log/error.log
LogFile = /home/$USER/public_html/$DOMAIN/log/ssl_error.log
LogFile = /home/$USER/public_html/$DOMAIN/log/ssl_access.log
" >> /etc/logwatch/conf/logfiles/http.conf
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Installing mod_evasive"
# http://library.linode.com/web-servers/apache/mod-evasive
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
aptitude install -y libapache2-mod-evasive
mkdir /var/log/mod_evasive
chown www-data:www-data /var/log/mod_evasive/
echo "<ifmodule mod_evasive20.c>
DOSHashTableSize 3097
DOSPageCount 5
DOSSiteCount 50
DOSPageInterval 1
DOSSiteInterval 1
DOSBlockingPeriod 10
DOSLogDir /var/log/mod_evasive
DOSEmailNotify $ADMINEMAIL
DOSWhitelist 127.0.0.1
DOSWhitelist $IGNOREIP
</ifmodule>
" > /etc/apache2/conf.d/modevasive
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Installing Fail2ban"
# http://library.linode.com/security/fail2ban
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
aptitude -y install fail2ban
#
cp /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
#
sed -i "s/ignoreip = 127.0.0.1/ignoreip = 127.0.0.1 $IGNOREIP/g" /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
sed -i "s/destemail = root@localhost/destemail = $ADMINEMAIL/g" /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
sed -i "s/action = %(action_)s/action = %(action_mw)s/g" /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Adding mod_security monitoring to fail2ban"
# based on http://www.fail2ban.org/wiki/index.php/HOWTO_fail2ban_with_ModSecurity2.5
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
echo "
[modsecurity]
enabled = true
filter = modsecurity
action = iptables-multiport[name=ModSecurity, port=\"http,https\"]
sendmail-buffered[name=ModSecurity, lines=10, dest=$ADMINEMAIL]
logpath = /var/log/apache*/*error.log
bantime = 600
maxretry = 3
[modsecurity-$DOMAIN]
enabled = true
filter = modsecurity
action = iptables-multiport[name=ModSecurity, port=\"http,https\"]
sendmail-buffered[name=ModSecurity, lines=10, dest=webmaster@$DOMAIN]
logpath = /home/$USER/public_html/$DOMAIN/log/*error.log
bantime = 600
maxretry = 3
" >> /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
#
echo "# Fail2Ban configuration file
#
# Author: Matt Thomas
[Definition]
# Match entries like [Mon Feb 13 10:47:12 2012] [error] [client 192.168.0.66] ModSecurity: Access denied
failregex = [[]client\s<HOST>[]]\sModSecurity\:\sAccess\sdenied*
ignoreregex =
" > /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/modsecurity.conf
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Basic Apache security"
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
sed -i "s/ServerTokens OS/ServerTokens Prod/g" /etc/apache2/conf.d/security
sed -i "s/ServerSignature On/ServerSignature Off/g" /etc/apache2/conf.d/security
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Installing mod_security"
# http://library.linode.com/web-servers/apache/mod-security
echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
#
aptitude -y install libxml2 libxml2-dev libxml2-utils
aptitude -y install libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dev
aptitude -y install libapache-mod-security
#
echo
echo
echo
echo "Fetching OWASP rules for mod_security"
# https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Category:OWASP_ModSecurity_Core_Rule_Set_Project