feat: Tracing prototype

[mark-koch]

TODO:

• Fix mypy issues
• Add documentation
• Rename to comptime
• Add tests
• Support structs
• Support array and nat
• Check arrays and structs at function boundary
• Disallow mutation of input structs and arrays unless they are borrowed
• Higher-order functions

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 83.20000% with 126 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 92.15%. Comparing base (15bae6e) to head (b2bd5a2).
Report is 4 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
guppylang/tracing/object.py	81.96%	55 Missing ⚠️
guppylang/tracing/unpacking.py	64.00%	36 Missing ⚠️
guppylang/tracing/builtins_mock.py	66.66%	11 Missing ⚠️
guppylang/tracing/function.py	87.67%	9 Missing ⚠️
guppylang/definition/traced.py	92.53%	5 Missing ⚠️
guppylang/error.py	20.00%	4 Missing ⚠️
guppylang/tracing/util.py	94.23%	3 Missing ⚠️
guppylang/tracing/state.py	94.44%	2 Missing ⚠️
guppylang/std/_internal/compiler/array.py	93.75%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #727      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   93.03%   92.15%   -0.89%     
==========================================
  Files          71       78       +7     
  Lines        8360     9099     +739     
==========================================
+ Hits         7778     8385     +607     
- Misses        582      714     +132     

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