Fix geothermal heat potentials

config/config.default.yaml

@@ -482,16 +482,9 @@ sector:
       heat_exchanger_pinch_point_temperature_difference: 5 #K
       isentropic_compressor_efficiency: 0.8
       heat_loss: 0.0
-    heat_utilisation_potentials:
+    limited_heat_sources:
       geothermal:
-        # activate for 85C hydrothermal
-        # key: hydrothermal_85
-        # constant_temperature_celsius: 85
-        key: hydrothermal_65
         constant_temperature_celsius: 65
-        column_name: Energy_TWh
-        unit: TWh
-        full_load_hours: 4000
     direct_utilisation_heat_sources:
     - geothermal
   heat_pump_sources:

doc/configtables/sector.csv

@@ -23,13 +23,9 @@ district_heating,--,,`prepare_sector_network.py <https://github.com/PyPSA/pypsa-
 -- -- heat_exchanger_pinch_point_temperature_difference,K,float,Heat pump pinch point temperature difference in heat exchangers assumed for approximation.
 -- -- isentropic_compressor_efficiency,--,float,Isentropic efficiency of heat pump compressor assumed for approximation. Must be between 0 and 1.
 -- -- heat_loss,--,float,Heat pump heat loss assumed for approximation. Must be between 0 and 1.
--- heat_utilisation_potentials,--,Dictionary with names of heat sources for which data by Fraunhofer ISI (`Manz et al. 2024 <https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148124001769>) should be used,
+-- limited_heat_sources,--,Dictionary with names of limited heat sources (not air) for which data by Fraunhofer ISI (`Manz et al. 2024 <https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148124001769>) is used,
 -- -- geothermal,-,Name of the heat source. Must be the same as in ``heat_pump_sources``,
--- -- -- key,-,string used to complete URL for data download - e.g. `geothermal_65` or `geothermal_85`","i.e file names in `Fordatis <https://fordatis.fraunhofer.de/handle/fordatis/341.3?mode=simple>`"
--- -- -- constant_temperature_celsius,C,heat source temperature,
--- -- -- column_name,-,name of the data column in retrieved GeoDataFrame,
--- -- -- unit,-,unit of heat source potential must be in (K/M/G/T)Wh,
--- -- -- full_load_hours,h,assumed full-load hours in Manz et al. (used to scale from utilisation to technical potential),
+-- -- -- constant_temperature_celsius,°C,heat source temperature,
 -- direct_utilisation_heat_sources,--,List of heat sources for direct heat utilisation in district heating. Must be in the keys of `heat_utilisation_potentials` (e.g. ``geothermal``),
 -- heat_pump_sources,--,,
 -- -- urban central,--,List of heat sources for heat pumps in urban central heating,

doc/release_notes.rst

@@ -11,7 +11,9 @@ Release Notes
 Upcoming Release
 ================
 
-- Added option to specify the cutout directory in the configuration file. This allows to the user to specify the directory where the cutouts are stored. Use it by setting ``atlite: cutout_directory:`` in the configuration file. (https://github.com/PyPSA/pypsa-eur/pull/1515)
+* Bugfix: Geothermal heat potentials are now restricted to those in close proximity to future district heating areas as projected by Manz et al. 2024. Includes a refactoring change: Building of generic technical potentials from heat utilisation potentials was changed to specific computation of geothermal heat potentials.
+
+- ...
 
 - Bug fix: Added setting ``run: use_shadow_directory:`` (default: ``true``) which sets the ``shadow`` parameter of the snakemake workflow. Configuring to ``true`` sets snakemake ``shadow`` parameter to ``shalloow``, ``false`` to `Ǹone``. Should be set to ``false`` for those cases, where snakemake has an issue with finding missing input/output files in solving rules.
 

rules/build_sector.smk

@@ -276,26 +276,35 @@ rule build_central_heating_temperature_profiles:
         "../scripts/build_central_heating_temperature_profiles/run.py"
 
 
-rule build_heat_source_potentials:
+rule build_geothermal_heat_potential:
     params:
-        heat_utilisation_potentials=config_provider(
-            "sector", "district_heating", "heat_utilisation_potentials"
+        drop_leap_day=config_provider("enable", "drop_leap_day"),
+        countries=config_provider("countries"),
+        constant_temperature_celsius=config_provider(
+            "sector",
+            "district_heating",
+            "limited_heat_sources",
+            "geothermal",
+            "constant_temperature_celsius",
         ),
     input:
-        utilisation_potential="data/heat_source_utilisation_potentials/{heat_source}.gpkg",
+        isi_heat_potentials="data/isi_heat_utilisation_potentials.xlsx",
         regions_onshore=resources("regions_onshore_base_s_{clusters}.geojson"),
+        lau_regions="data/lau_regions.zip",
     output:
-        resources("heat_source_potential_{heat_source}_base_s_{clusters}.csv"),
+        heat_source_power=resources(
+            "heat_source_power_geothermal_base_s_{clusters}.csv"
+        ),
     resources:
         mem_mb=2000,
     log:
-        logs("build_heat_source_potentials_{heat_source}_s_{clusters}.log"),
+        logs("build_heat_source_potentials_geothermal_s_{clusters}.log"),
     benchmark:
-        benchmarks("build_heat_source_potentials/{heat_source}_s_{clusters}")
+        benchmarks("build_heat_source_potentials/geothermal_s_{clusters}")
     conda:
         "../envs/environment.yaml"
     script:
-        "../scripts/build_heat_source_potentials/run.py"
+        "../scripts/build_geothermal_heat_potential.py"
 
 
 rule build_cop_profiles:
@@ -310,8 +319,8 @@ rule build_cop_profiles:
             "sector", "district_heating", "heat_pump_cop_approximation"
         ),
         heat_pump_sources=config_provider("sector", "heat_pump_sources"),
-        heat_utilisation_potentials=config_provider(
-            "sector", "district_heating", "heat_utilisation_potentials"
+        limited_heat_sources=config_provider(
+            "sector", "district_heating", "limited_heat_sources"
         ),
         snapshots=config_provider("snapshots"),
     input:
@@ -343,8 +352,8 @@ rule build_direct_heat_source_utilisation_profiles:
         direct_utilisation_heat_sources=config_provider(
             "sector", "district_heating", "direct_utilisation_heat_sources"
         ),
-        heat_utilisation_potentials=config_provider(
-            "sector", "district_heating", "heat_utilisation_potentials"
+        limited_heat_sources=config_provider(
+            "sector", "district_heating", "limited_heat_sources"
         ),
         snapshots=config_provider("snapshots"),
     input:
@@ -1059,17 +1068,19 @@ rule build_egs_potentials:
         "../scripts/build_egs_potentials.py"
 
 
-def input_heat_source_potentials(w):
+def input_heat_source_power(w):
 
     return {
         heat_source_name: resources(
-            "heat_source_potential_" + heat_source_name + "_base_s_{clusters}.csv"
+            "heat_source_power_" + heat_source_name + "_base_s_{clusters}.csv"
         )
         for heat_source_name in config_provider(
-            "sector", "district_heating", "heat_utilisation_potentials"
-        )(w).keys()
+            "sector", "heat_pump_sources", "urban central"
+        )(w)
         if heat_source_name
-        in config_provider("sector", "heat_pump_sources", "urban central")(w)
+        in config_provider("sector", "district_heating", "limited_heat_sources")(
+            w
+        ).keys()
     }
 
 
@@ -1097,15 +1108,15 @@ rule prepare_sector_network:
         heat_pump_sources=config_provider("sector", "heat_pump_sources"),
         heat_systems=config_provider("sector", "heat_systems"),
         energy_totals_year=config_provider("energy", "energy_totals_year"),
-        heat_utilisation_potentials=config_provider(
-            "sector", "district_heating", "heat_utilisation_potentials"
-        ),
         direct_utilisation_heat_sources=config_provider(
             "sector", "district_heating", "direct_utilisation_heat_sources"
         ),
+        limited_heat_sources=config_provider(
+            "sector", "district_heating", "limited_heat_sources"
+        ),
     input:
         unpack(input_profile_offwind),
-        unpack(input_heat_source_potentials),
+        unpack(input_heat_source_power),
         **rules.cluster_gas_network.output,
         **rules.build_gas_input_locations.output,
         snapshot_weightings=resources(

rules/retrieve.smk

@@ -650,23 +650,38 @@ if config["enable"]["retrieve"]:
         script:
             "../scripts/retrieve_osm_boundaries.py"
 
-
-if config["enable"]["retrieve"]:
-
-    rule retrieve_heat_source_utilisation_potentials:
-        params:
-            heat_source="{heat_source}",
-            heat_utilisation_potentials=config_provider(
-                "sector", "district_heating", "heat_utilisation_potentials"
+    rule retrieve_geothermal_heat_utilisation_potentials:
+        input:
+            isi_heat_potentials=storage(
+                "https://fordatis.fraunhofer.de/bitstream/fordatis/341.3/12/Results_DH_Matching_Cluster.xlsx",
+                keep_local=True,
             ),
+        output:
+            "data/isi_heat_utilisation_potentials.xlsx",
         log:
-            "logs/retrieve_heat_source_potentials_{heat_source}.log",
-        resources:
-            mem_mb=500,
+            "logs/retrieve_geothermal_heat_utilisation_potentials.log",
+        threads: 1
+        retries: 2
+        run:
+            move(input[0], output[0])
+
+    rule retrieve_lau_regions:
+        input:
+            lau_regions=storage(
+                "https://gisco-services.ec.europa.eu/distribution/v2/lau/download/ref-lau-2019-01m.geojson.zip",
+                keep_local=True,
+            ),
         output:
-            "data/heat_source_utilisation_potentials/{heat_source}.gpkg",
-        script:
-            "../scripts/retrieve_heat_source_utilisation_potentials.py"
+            lau_regions="data/lau_regions.geojson",
+        log:
+            "logs/retrieve_lau_regions.log",
+            lau_regions="data/lau_regions.zip",
+        log:
+            "logs/retrieve_lau_regions.log",
+        threads: 1
+        retries: 2
+        run:
+            move(input[0], output[0])
 
 
 if config["enable"]["retrieve"]:

scripts/build_cop_profiles/run.py

@@ -114,9 +114,9 @@ def get_cop(
                         f"temp_{heat_source.replace('ground', 'soil')}_total"
                     ]
                 )
-            elif heat_source in snakemake.params.heat_utilisation_potentials.keys():
+            elif heat_source in snakemake.params.limited_heat_sources.keys():
                 source_inlet_temperature_celsius = (
-                    snakemake.params.heat_utilisation_potentials[heat_source][
+                    snakemake.params.limited_heat_sources[heat_source][
                         "constant_temperature_celsius"
                     ]
                 )

scripts/build_direct_heat_source_utilisation_profiles.py

@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ def get_source_temperature(heat_source_key: str):
         If the heat source is unknown (not in `config`).
     """
 
-    if heat_source_key in snakemake.params.heat_utilisation_potentials.keys():
-        return snakemake.params.heat_utilisation_potentials[heat_source_key][
+    if heat_source_key in snakemake.params.limited_heat_sources.keys():
+        return snakemake.params.limited_heat_sources[heat_source_key][
             "constant_temperature_celsius"
         ]
     else: