[FLINK-37201] [cdc] [transform] FlinkCDC Pipeline transform arithmetic functions support parameters of null and more numerical types

[aiwenmo]

FlinkCDC Pipeline transform arithmetic functions can not support parameters of null and more numerical types. For example: ceil, floor, round and abs.
When the input parameter is null or a numerical type such as int, the program will have an error.
I have fixed it.

1. ceil, floor, round support null parameter and more numerical types, such as byte, short, int ,long, decimaldata.
2. abs support null parameter.
3. add ceiling function, which has the same function as ceil.
4. add test and document.

[yuxiqian]

Thanks for @aiwenmo's great work! Looks nice, just left some trivial comments.

[aiwenmo]

@yuxiqian PTAL

[yuxiqian]

Would @leonardBang like to take a look?

[leonardBang]

Thanks @aiwenmo for the improvement and @yuxiqian for the review work, LGTM

[aiwenmo]

Hi @leonardBang , I have rebased master. Could you help trigger the actions again? thx

[aiwenmo]

@leonardBang Sorry. Please help me trigger it after resolving the exception on the master branch.