[Backport 1.6.latest] Combine the build and check build jobs into one job #8286

Job	Run time
code-quality	56s
unit test / python 3.9	50s
unit test / python 3.10	43s
verify packages / python 3.9 / ubuntu-22.04	25s
unit test / python 3.11	42s
verify packages / python 3.9 / ubuntu-22.04	28s
verify packages / python 3.10 / ubuntu-22.04	28s
verify packages / python 3.10 / ubuntu-22.04	31s
verify packages / python 3.11 / ubuntu-22.04	25s
verify packages / python 3.11 / ubuntu-22.04	29s
verify packages / python 3.10 / macos-14	1m 10s
verify packages / python 3.10 / macos-14	1m 18s
verify packages / python 3.11 / macos-14	1m 4s
verify packages / python 3.11 / macos-14	1m 6s
verify packages / python 3.9 / windows-2022	1m 54s
verify packages / python 3.9 / windows-2022	1m 27s
verify packages / python 3.10 / windows-2022	1m 40s
verify packages / python 3.10 / windows-2022	1m 40s
verify packages / python 3.11 / windows-2022	1m 27s
verify packages / python 3.11 / windows-2022	1m 58s
	20m 41s

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