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Fix performance issue in ResourceLeakAnalysis.qll #862

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MichaelRFairhurst
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@MichaelRFairhurst MichaelRFairhurst commented Feb 21, 2025

Description

After trying a lot of things, this is where I ended up, but open to additional ideas.

Regarding getAnAliasRecursive which this PR removes: The intention was to ensure that if code locks x which is an alias of y, and there's an unlock call on z which is alias of y (but not x), then we don't want to report that. This wasn't previously tested. The newly added test fails even with getAnAliasRecursive() as its incorrectly defined. Further, since the identity of an allocation (TJustResource) is based on a DataFlow::Node, and the out arg dataflow node is different from the expr dataflow node, it's not trivial to handle this edge case.

Constraining getAnAlias(node) isn't simply constrained to isAllocate(node) for two minor reasons:

  • Since the expensive behavior is in the default predicate on a signature module, and CodeQL doesn't support Self::, it would require additional refactoring and increase complexity
  • In the future we may want to reintroduce getAnAliasRecursive or something like it. This could require something like Config::getAnAlias+(node), so that can't require its argument to be an allocate in that case.

I then experimented with inline_late, pragma[only_bind_into](...), and other various options, but none were providing a benefit. Eventually I copied getAnAlias() into ResourceLeakAnalysis.qll and noticed that no matter what changes I made, I couldn't get good performance from it on opencv as long as it used GVN, and I didn't have the same issue with hashCons. I did also measure a slight performance improvement by adding bindingset[node] to getAnAlias() and so included that as well.

Change request type

  • Release or process automation (GitHub workflows, internal scripts)
  • Internal documentation
  • External documentation
  • Query files (.ql, .qll, .qls or unit tests)
  • External scripts (analysis report or other code shipped as part of a release)

Rules with added or modified queries

  • No rules added
  • Queries have been added for the following rules:
    • rule number here
  • Queries have been modified for the following rules:
    • RULE-22-16
    • ERR57-CPP
    • A15-1-4

Release change checklist

A change note (development_handbook.md#change-notes) is required for any pull request which modifies:

  • The structure or layout of the release artifacts.
  • The evaluation performance (memory, execution time) of an existing query.
  • The results of an existing query in any circumstance.

If you are only adding new rule queries, a change note is not required.

Author: Is a change note required?

  • Yes
  • No

🚨🚨🚨
Reviewer: Confirm that format of shared queries (not the .qll file, the
.ql file that imports it) is valid by running them within VS Code.

  • Confirmed

Reviewer: Confirm that either a change note is not required or the change note is required and has been added.

  • Confirmed

Query development review checklist

For PRs that add new queries or modify existing queries, the following checklist should be completed by both the author and reviewer:

Author

  • Have all the relevant rule package description files been checked in?
  • Have you verified that the metadata properties of each new query is set appropriately?
  • Do all the unit tests contain both "COMPLIANT" and "NON_COMPLIANT" cases?
  • Are the alert messages properly formatted and consistent with the style guide?
  • Have you run the queries on OpenPilot and verified that the performance and results are acceptable?
    As a rule of thumb, predicates specific to the query should take no more than 1 minute, and for simple queries be under 10 seconds. If this is not the case, this should be highlighted and agreed in the code review process.
  • Does the query have an appropriate level of in-query comments/documentation?
  • Have you considered/identified possible edge cases?
  • Does the query not reinvent features in the standard library?
  • Can the query be simplified further (not golfed!)

Reviewer

  • Have all the relevant rule package description files been checked in?
  • Have you verified that the metadata properties of each new query is set appropriately?
  • Do all the unit tests contain both "COMPLIANT" and "NON_COMPLIANT" cases?
  • Are the alert messages properly formatted and consistent with the style guide?
  • Have you run the queries on OpenPilot and verified that the performance and results are acceptable?
    As a rule of thumb, predicates specific to the query should take no more than 1 minute, and for simple queries be under 10 seconds. If this is not the case, this should be highlighted and agreed in the code review process.
  • Does the query have an appropriate level of in-query comments/documentation?
  • Have you considered/identified possible edge cases?
  • Does the query not reinvent features in the standard library?
  • Can the query be simplified further (not golfed!)

@Copilot Copilot AI review requested due to automatic review settings February 21, 2025 02:47
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PR Overview

This pull request updates the change note for the ResourceLeakAnalysis.qll performance fix, documenting the removal of the recursive alias lookup and the switch from GlobalValueNumbering to HashCons-based alias comparison to improve performance.

  • Updated change note to reflect aliasing changes for improved performance
  • Clarified behavior differences and performance impact for RULE-22-16, ERR57-CPP, and A15-1-4

Reviewed Changes

File Description
change_notes/2025-02-20-rule-22-16-update-aliasing-for-performance.md Updated change note documenting aliasing updates and performance improvements

Copilot reviewed 3 out of 3 changed files in this pull request and generated no comments.

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@MichaelRFairhurst
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/test-performance

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github-actions bot commented Mar 4, 2025

🏁 Beep Boop! Performance testing for this PR has been initiated. Please check back later for results. Note that the query package generation step must complete before testing will start so it might be a minute.

💡 If you do not hear back from me please check my status! I will report even if I fail!

🏁 Beep Boop! Performance testing complete! See below for performance of the last 3 runs vs your PR. Times are based on predicate performance. You can find full graphs and stats in the PR that was created for this test in the release engineering repo.


Release                            : v2.40.0
Platform                           : x86-linux
Language                           : c
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_Ms : 2324585
Mean_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms   : 49.33329796264856
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms : 0.0
Standard_Deviation_Ms              : 609.8238396111128
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_s  : 2324.585
Mean_Query_Execution_Time_s        : 0.0493332979626485
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_s  : 0.0
Percentile95_Ms                    : 130.0
Number_of_Predicates               : 47120

Release                            : v2.40.0
Platform                           : x86-linux
Language                           : cpp
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_Ms : 3401112
Mean_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms   : 71.22300169622851
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms : 0.0
Standard_Deviation_Ms              : 833.5216392962146
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_s  : 3401.112
Mean_Query_Execution_Time_s        : 0.0712230016962285
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_s  : 0.0
Percentile95_Ms                    : 164.0
Number_of_Predicates               : 47753

Release                            : v2.40.0
Platform                           : x86-windows
Language                           : c
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_Ms : 2750095
Mean_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms   : 58.13416902718471
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms : 0.0
Standard_Deviation_Ms              : 625.59540936855
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_s  : 2750.095
Mean_Query_Execution_Time_s        : 0.0581341690271847
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_s  : 0.0
Percentile95_Ms                    : 157.0
Number_of_Predicates               : 47306

Release                            : v2.40.0
Platform                           : x86-windows
Language                           : cpp
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_Ms : 3458422
Mean_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms   : 71.6088702998178
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms : 1.0
Standard_Deviation_Ms              : 715.7345866890012
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_s  : 3458.422
Mean_Query_Execution_Time_s        : 0.0716088702998178
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_s  : 0.001
Percentile95_Ms                    : 185.0
Number_of_Predicates               : 48296

Release                            : v2.41.0
Platform                           : x86-linux
Language                           : c
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_Ms : 2294636
Mean_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms   : 48.58120381936358
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms : 0.0
Standard_Deviation_Ms              : 604.830695062583
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_s  : 2294.636
Mean_Query_Execution_Time_s        : 0.0485812038193635
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_s  : 0.0
Percentile95_Ms                    : 125.0
Number_of_Predicates               : 47233

Release                            : v2.41.0
Platform                           : x86-linux
Language                           : cpp
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_Ms : 3386576
Mean_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms   : 71.21537620389452
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms : 0.0
Standard_Deviation_Ms              : 819.0328105072084
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_s  : 3386.576
Mean_Query_Execution_Time_s        : 0.0712153762038945
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_s  : 0.0
Percentile95_Ms                    : 158.0
Number_of_Predicates               : 47554

Release                            : v2.41.0
Platform                           : x86-windows
Language                           : c
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_Ms : 2793839
Mean_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms   : 59.077604618214885
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms : 0.0
Standard_Deviation_Ms              : 617.7343684735914
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_s  : 2793.839
Mean_Query_Execution_Time_s        : 0.0590776046182148
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_s  : 0.0
Percentile95_Ms                    : 156.0
Number_of_Predicates               : 47291

Release                            : v2.41.0
Platform                           : x86-windows
Language                           : cpp
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_Ms : 3242287
Mean_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms   : 67.19905075752865
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms : 1.0
Standard_Deviation_Ms              : 670.443137227368
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_s  : 3242.287
Mean_Query_Execution_Time_s        : 0.0671990507575286
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_s  : 0.001
Percentile95_Ms                    : 184.0
Number_of_Predicates               : 48249

Release                            : 862
Platform                           : x86-linux
Language                           : cpp
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_Ms : 3167067
Mean_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms   : 63.6737168017049
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms : 0.0
Standard_Deviation_Ms              : 780.8802255214548
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_s  : 3167.067
Mean_Query_Execution_Time_s        : 0.0636737168017049
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_s  : 0.0
Percentile95_Ms                    : 150.0
Number_of_Predicates               : 49739

Release                            : 862
Platform                           : x86-linux
Language                           : c
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_Ms : 2480490
Mean_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms   : 48.88821002010327
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_Ms : 0.0
Standard_Deviation_Ms              : 666.1901013352563
Total_Serialized_Execution_Time_s  : 2480.49
Mean_Query_Execution_Time_s        : 0.0488882100201032
Median_Predicate_Execution_Time_s  : 0.0
Percentile95_Ms                    : 114.0
Number_of_Predicates               : 50738

🏁 Below are the slowest predicates for the last 2 releases vs this PR.


Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-windows
Language          : c
Suite             : misra-default
Predicate         : OutOfBounds::OOB::libraryFunctionNameParamTable/5#79217c12
Execution_Time_Ms : 30349

Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-windows
Language          : c
Suite             : misra-default
Predicate         : QualifiedName::getUserTypeNameWithoutArgs/1#8cfc98e9
Execution_Time_Ms : 29847

Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-windows
Language          : c
Suite             : misra-default
Predicate         : _ExternalFlow::elementSpecMatchesSignature/6#c67d3446_Function::Function.getClassAndName/1#27b7404e___#shared
Execution_Time_Ms : 44405

Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-windows
Language          : c
Suite             : misra-default
Predicate         : _Macro::Macro.getName/0#dispred#e28b3699_Preprocessor::PreprocessorBranchDirective#bcd2bde4_Preproce__#antijoin_rhs
Execution_Time_Ms : 63221

Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : cpp
Suite             : autosar-default
Predicate         : _Call::Call.getAnArgument/0#dispred#0c956949_10#join_rhs_Call::FunctionCall#2b14a517_Element::Elemen__#shared
Execution_Time_Ms : 34634

Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : cpp
Suite             : autosar-default
Predicate         : _comments#shared
Execution_Time_Ms : 38869

Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : cpp
Suite             : autosar-default
Predicate         : @element#b
Execution_Time_Ms : 37358

Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : cpp
Suite             : autosar-default
Predicate         : FunctionEquivalence::typeSig/1#194ac728
Execution_Time_Ms : 48401

Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : cpp
Suite             : autosar-default
Predicate         : OrderingPredicateMustBeStrictlyWeak::UserDefinedStrictlyWeakOrderingComparator#6c60f803
Execution_Time_Ms : 37907

Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-windows
Language          : c
Suite             : misra-default
Predicate         : OutOfBounds::OOB::libraryFunctionNameParamTableSimpleString/5#6de8614f#cpe#1236
Execution_Time_Ms : 39301

Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : c
Suite             : misra-default
Predicate         : _ExternalFlow::elementSpecMatchesSignature/6#c67d3446_Function::Function.getClassAndName/1#27b7404e___#shared
Execution_Time_Ms : 47157

Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : c
Suite             : misra-default
Predicate         : OutOfBounds::OOB::libraryFunctionNameParamTableSimpleString/5#6de8614f#cpe#1236
Execution_Time_Ms : 39638

Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-windows
Language          : cpp
Suite             : autosar-default
Predicate         : __Class::Class.accessOfBaseMemberMulti/2#6d0f61c0#ffbf_specifiers#max_range__Class::Class.accessOfBa__#join_rhs
Execution_Time_Ms : 33628

Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-windows
Language          : cpp
Suite             : autosar-default
Predicate         : HardwareOrProtocolInterface::HardwareOrProtocolInterfaceClass#class#7f026171
Execution_Time_Ms : 32209

Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-windows
Language          : cpp
Suite             : autosar-default
Predicate         : FunctionEquivalence::typeSig/1#194ac728
Execution_Time_Ms : 53166

Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : c
Suite             : misra-default
Predicate         : _Call::FunctionCall#2b14a517_Call::FunctionCall.getTarget/0#dispred#935da4c5_Function::Function.getP__#antijoin_rhs
Execution_Time_Ms : 27555

Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : c
Suite             : misra-default
Predicate         : OutOfBounds::OOB::libraryFunctionNameParamTable/5#79217c12
Execution_Time_Ms : 33073

Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : c
Suite             : misra-default
Predicate         : _Macro::Macro.getName/0#dispred#e28b3699_Preprocessor::PreprocessorBranchDirective#bcd2bde4_Preproce__#antijoin_rhs
Execution_Time_Ms : 66713

Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-windows
Language          : cpp
Suite             : autosar-default
Predicate         : _ExternalFlow::elementSpecMatchesSignature/6#c67d3446_Function::Function.getClassAndName/1#27b7404e___#shared
Execution_Time_Ms : 67471

Release           : v2.41.0
Run               : 2025-01-27_15-31-47
Platform          : x86-windows
Language          : cpp
Suite             : autosar-default
Predicate         : _comments#shared
Execution_Time_Ms : 26504

Release           : 862
Run               : 2025-03-04_20-49-26
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : c
Suite             : misra-default
Predicate         : _Macro::Macro.getName/0#dispred#e28b3699_Preprocessor::PreprocessorBranchDirective#bcd2bde4_Preproce__#antijoin_rhs
Execution_Time_Ms : 70736

Release           : 862
Run               : 2025-03-04_20-49-26
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : cpp
Suite             : autosar-default
Predicate         : _Declaration::Declaration.getADeclarationEntry/0#dispred#c5d61b67_Declaration::DeclarationEntry.isDe__#antijoin_rhs
Execution_Time_Ms : 48616

Release           : 862
Run               : 2025-03-04_20-49-26
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : cpp
Suite             : autosar-default
Predicate         : _comments#shared
Execution_Time_Ms : 42050

Release           : 862
Run               : 2025-03-04_20-49-26
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : cpp
Suite             : autosar-default
Predicate         : QualifiedName::getUserTypeNameWithoutArgs/1#8cfc98e9
Execution_Time_Ms : 36015

Release           : 862
Run               : 2025-03-04_20-49-26
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : cpp
Suite             : autosar-default
Predicate         : Function::Function.getParameter/1#dispred#200dcf26#fbf
Execution_Time_Ms : 75367

Release           : 862
Run               : 2025-03-04_20-49-26
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : cpp
Suite             : autosar-default
Predicate         : _ExternalFlow::elementSpecMatchesSignature/6#c67d3446_Function::Function.getClassAndName/1#27b7404e___#shared
Execution_Time_Ms : 37360

Release           : 862
Run               : 2025-03-04_20-49-26
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : c
Suite             : misra-default
Predicate         : OutOfBounds::OOB::libraryFunctionNameParamTableSimpleString/5#6de8614f#cpe#1236
Execution_Time_Ms : 38712

Release           : 862
Run               : 2025-03-04_20-49-26
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : c
Suite             : misra-default
Predicate         : _Call::FunctionCall#2b14a517_Call::FunctionCall.getTarget/0#dispred#935da4c5_Function::Function.getP__#antijoin_rhs
Execution_Time_Ms : 27009

Release           : 862
Run               : 2025-03-04_20-49-26
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : c
Suite             : misra-default
Predicate         : OutOfBounds::OOB::libraryFunctionNameParamTable/5#79217c12
Execution_Time_Ms : 53921

Release           : 862
Run               : 2025-03-04_20-49-26
Platform          : x86-linux
Language          : c
Suite             : misra-default
Predicate         : _ExternalFlow::elementSpecMatchesSignature/6#c67d3446_Function::Function.getClassAndName/1#27b7404e___#shared
Execution_Time_Ms : 56522

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@MichaelRFairhurst maybe not totally necessary - but can we rm this commented out line in this PR too? https://github.com/github/codeql-coding-standards/blob/main/c/misra/src/rules/RULE-22-16/MutexObjectsNotAlwaysUnlocked.ql#L48

we can also check if that actually should be commented out or not at the same time as this perf improvement? is probably just something leftover but good to check!

@knewbury01 knewbury01 enabled auto-merge March 10, 2025 15:39
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looks good to me! thanks!

@knewbury01 knewbury01 added this pull request to the merge queue Mar 10, 2025
Merged via the queue into main with commit 2397376 Mar 10, 2025
25 checks passed
@knewbury01 knewbury01 deleted the michaelrfairhurst/fix-resource-leak-analysis-qll-performance-issue branch March 10, 2025 18:43
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