Add max-wait property for each reaction with optional handler

[erlingrj]

This PR adds a max-wait property for each reaction with an optional STP violation handler.

It also redoes the startup phase of a federation. Instead of specifying a leader of the federation that selects a start tag, start tag is selected P2P with a simple gossip based algorithm. This PR sets the stage for later developing clock sync, transient federates, coordinates shutdown and voluntary leaving and rejoining.

[github-actions]

Benchmark results after merging this PR:

Benchmark results

Performance:

PingPongUc:
Best Time: 145.240 msec
Worst Time: 146.395 msec
Median Time: 145.654 msec

PingPongC:
Best Time: 174.842 msec
Worst Time: 181.021 msec
Median Time: 175.797 msec

ReactionLatencyUc:
Best latency: 36378 nsec
Median latency: 60013 nsec
Worst latency: 91514 nsec

ReactionLatencyC:
Best latency: 30830 nsec
Median latency: 59896 nsec
Worst latency: 104897 nsec

Memory usage:

PingPongUc:
text data bss dec hex filename
39282 760 7888 47930 bb3a bin/PingPongUc

PingPongC:
text data bss dec hex filename
45826 880 360 47066 b7da bin/PingPongC

ReactionLatencyUc:
text data bss dec hex filename
28873 744 2144 31761 7c11 bin/ReactionLatencyUc

ReactionLatencyC:
text data bss dec hex filename
41536 848 360 42744 a6f8 bin/ReactionLatencyC

[github-actions]

Memory usage after merging this PR will be:

Memory Report

action_empty_test_c

	from	to	increase (%)
text	60860	62316	2.39
data	752	752	0.00
bss	11360	12224	7.61
total	72972	75292	3.18

action_microstep_test_c

	from	to	increase (%)
text	61731	63188	2.36
data	760	760	0.00
bss	11424	12288	7.56
total	73915	76236	3.14

action_overwrite_test_c

	from	to	increase (%)
text	61568	63024	2.36
data	752	752	0.00
bss	11424	12288	7.56
total	73744	76064	3.15

action_test_c

	from	to	increase (%)
text	61472	62928	2.37
data	760	760	0.00
bss	11424	12288	7.56
total	73656	75976	3.15

deadline_test_c

	from	to	increase (%)
text	57102	58500	2.45
data	768	768	0.00
bss	10784	11648	8.01
total	68654	70916	3.29

delayed_conn_test_c

	from	to	increase (%)
text	62464	63758	2.07
data	752	752	0.00
bss	10272	13056	27.10
total	73488	77566	5.55

event_payload_pool_test_c

	from	to	increase (%)
text	18331	18331	0.00
data	624	624	0.00
bss	320	320	0.00
total	19275	19275	0.00

event_queue_test_c

	from	to	increase (%)
text	27616	27806	0.69
data	736	736	0.00
bss	480	480	0.00
total	28832	29022	0.66

nanopb_test_c

	from	to	increase (%)
text	42884	43346	1.08
data	904	1288	42.48
bss	320	320	0.00
total	44108	44954	1.92

port_test_c

	from	to	increase (%)
text	62412	63674	2.02
data	752	752	0.00
bss	10272	12928	25.86
total	73436	77354	5.34

reaction_queue_test_c

	from	to	increase (%)
text	27448	27587	0.51
data	736	736	0.00
bss	480	480	0.00
total	28664	28803	0.48

request_shutdown_test_c

	from	to	increase (%)
text	61703	63159	2.36
data	752	752	0.00
bss	11424	12288	7.56
total	73879	76199	3.14

startup_test_c

	from	to	increase (%)
text	56801	58098	2.28
data	760	760	0.00
bss	10784	11648	8.01
total	68345	70506	3.16

tcp_channel_test_c

	from	to	increase (%)
text	96880	94900	-2.04
data	1256	1640	30.57
bss	21408	12960	-39.46
total	119544	109500	-8.40

timer_test_c

	from	to	increase (%)
text	56692	58098	2.48
data	752	752	0.00
bss	10784	11648	8.01
total	68228	70498	3.33

[github-actions]

Coverage after merging add-staa into main will be

65.48%

Coverage Report

File	Stmts	Branches	Funcs	Lines	Uncovered Lines
src
action.c	77.69%	65.63%	100%	81.18%	134–135, 24, 42–45, 48, 50–51, 54–56, 62–63, 70–72, 72, 72–75, 81–82, 93–94
builtin_triggers.c	90.91%	70%	100%	96.77%	14, 18, 40, 43
connection.c	77.33%	51.16%	100%	86.73%	10, 104, 11, 110, 123–124, 136–137, 14, 14, 143, 145–146, 148, 16–17, 21–22, 22, 22–23, 25, 27–28, 33, 48, 48, 48–49, 55, 60–62, 97
environment.c	76.98%	53.13%	92.31%	83.95%	110–111, 122–124, 14–15, 20, 24–26, 26, 26–28, 28, 28, 34–35, 44, 48–49, 55–56, 72–73, 77–78
event.c	95.35%	92.86%	100%	96.15%	14–15
federated.c	6.83%	3.33%	10%	8.43%	10, 100, 102, 102, 102–103, 105, 105, 105, 105, 105–106, 106, 106–108, 111, 111, 111–113, 115–116, 119, 12, 120–121, 121, 121–122, 122, 122–124, 126, 129, 13, 130, 132–136, 14, 140–142, 144, 144, 144, 146–149, 15, 150, 153, 153, 153–156, 159–160, 160, 160–161, 163–164, 167–168, 17, 17, 17, 173–174, 174, 174–175, 177, 179, 179, 179, 18, 18, 18, 180–182, 182, 182, 182, 182, 182–191, 191, 191–192, 194, 196–199, 20, 20, 20, 200–205, 209, 21, 212, 212, 212–214, 218, 22, 22, 22, 221–222, 222, 222, 222–227, 229, 23, 230–231, 233, 239, 24, 240–241, 254–255, 255, 255–256, 256, 256–257, 257, 257–258, 258, 258–259, 259, 259–260, 260, 260–261, 261, 261, 263, 263, 263–264, 264, 264–265, 265, 265–266, 266, 266–267, 267, 267, 269, 28–29, 33–34, 36–39, 41, 43, 43, 43–44, 44, 44–45, 45, 45–46, 46, 46, 49, 51–54, 56, 56, 56–59, 59, 59–60, 62, 64, 66, 66, 66–67, 71, 74–75, 75, 75–76, 78–79, 81, 85–86, 88–89, 9, 90, 93, 95–99
logging.c	88.52%	83.33%	100%	89.36%	25, 38–40, 47, 60–61
network_channel.c	69.23%	62.50%	100%	70.59%	42, 42, 42, 47–50, 59
port.c	74.68%	42.86%	100%	91.49%	10, 10, 10, 15, 15, 15–16, 22, 26, 31, 31–33, 33, 33–34, 45, 45, 45–46
queues.c	83.66%	75.81%	100%	85.94%	115–119, 122–123, 140, 145, 151, 24–26, 31, 31, 35–40, 63–64, 76–77, 87, 87, 91–96
reaction.c	71.43%	54.55%	100%	80%	15, 17, 21, 28–31, 31, 31–32, 42, 45, 47, 52–53, 53, 53–55, 55, 55–56, 73, 89–91, 91, 91–94, 94, 94–95
reactor.c	69.33%	51.52%	100%	82.28%	10, 101–102, 14–19, 22, 28, 30, 32–37, 37, 37–38, 38, 38, 43, 55, 58–59, 59, 59–60, 60, 60–61, 63, 77–78, 81–82, 82, 82–83, 83, 83–84, 86, 91
serialization.c	37.50%	25%	50%	40%	16–17, 26–27, 33–34, 34, 34–35, 37–38, 41–42, 42, 42–43, 45–46
startup_coordinator.c	0%	0%	0%	0%	100–101, 101, 101–103, 107, 109, 109, 109–111, 114, 114, 114–120, 123–125, 128–131, 134, 136, 138, 138, 138, 138, 138, 138–139, 142–143, 143, 143, 143, 143, 143, 143–146, 148–151, 153–155, 155, 155–160, 160, 160–161, 161, 161–162, 162, 162, 162, 162, 162, 162, 164, 164, 164, 166, 166, 166–168, 168, 168–170, 172–175, 175, 175–180, 182, 184–185, 187, 189, 189, 189, 189, 189, 189, 189–198, 198, 198–199, 20, 200–201, 204–208, 23–24, 24, 24, 26–28, 28, 28–29, 31, 31, 31, 33, 33, 33–34, 36, 38, 38, 38–39, 44, 44, 44–45, 48, 50–51, 54–56, 56, 56–58, 61, 61, 61–65, 65, 65, 67–68, 70, 72, 75–76, 76, 76, 76, 76, 79–82, 82, 82–84, 84, 84–88, 90–93, 96–97
tag.c	40.19%	31.48%	60%	47.92%	14, 14–15, 17, 17–18, 23–24, 24, 24, 24, 24–25, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27–28, 30, 30, 30–31, 33–34, 34, 34–35, 37, 37, 37, 37, 37–38, 40, 40, 40, 40, 40–41, 43, 53–54, 63, 63–64, 83–85, 85, 85, 85, 85, 85, 85, 85, 85, 85, 85–87, 89
timer.c	95%	66.67%	100%	100%	14, 25
trigger.c	100%	100%	100%	100%
util.c	41.67%	33.33%	33.33%	46.67%	12–13, 13, 13–16, 18–20,