CouchDB.NET

EF Core-like CouchDB experience for .NET!

LINQ queries

C# query example:

// Setup
public class MyDeathStarContext : CouchContext
{
    public CouchDatabase<Rebel> Rebels { get; set; }
    public CouchDatabase<Clone> Clones { get; set; }

    protected override void OnConfiguring(CouchOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
    {
      optionsBuilder
        .UseEndpoint("http://localhost:5984/")
        .EnsureDatabaseExists()
        .UseBasicAuthentication(username: "anakin", password: "empirerule");
    }
}

// Usage
await using var context = new MyDeathStarContext();
var skywalkers = await context.Rebels
    .Where(r => 
        r.Surname == "Skywalker" && 
        (
            r.Battles.All(b => b.Planet == "Naboo") ||
            r.Battles.Any(b => b.Planet == "Death Star")
        )
    )
    .OrderByDescending(r => r.Name)
    .ThenByDescending(r => r.Age)
    .Take(2)
    .Select(
        r => r.Name,
        r => r.Age
    })
    .ToListAsync();

The produced Mango JSON:

{
  "selector": {
    "$and": [
      {
        "surname": "Skywalker"
      },
      {
        "$or": [
          {
            "battles": {
              "$allMatch": {
                "planet": "Naboo"
              }
            }
          },
          {
            "battles": {
              "$elemMatch": {
                "planet": "Death Star"
              }
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "sort": [
    { "name": "desc" },
    { "age": "desc" }
  ],
  "limit": 2,
  "fields": [
    "name",
    "age"
  ]
}

Index

• Getting started
• Queries
  • Combinations
  • Conditions
  • Native method
  • Composite methods
• Client operations
• Database operations
• Authentication
• Options
• Custom JSON values
• Attachments
• DB Changes Feed
  • Feed Options
  • Feed Filter
• Indexing
  • Index Options
  • Partial Indexes
• Database Splitting
• Views
• Local (non-replicating) Documents
• Bookmark and Execution stats
• Users
• Replication
• Dependency Injection
• Advanced
• Contributors

Getting started

• Install it from NuGet: https://www.nuget.org/packages/CouchDB.NET
• Create a context or a client, where localhost will be the IP address and 5984 is CouchDB standard tcp port:

  await using var context = new MyDeathStarContext(builder => {});
  // or
  await using(var client = new CouchClient("http://localhost:5984", builder => {})) { }

• Create a document class:

  public class Rebel : CouchDocument

• Get a database reference:

  var rebels = context.Rebels;
  // or
  var rebels = client.GetDatabase<Rebel>();

• Query the database

  var skywalkers = await rebels.Where(r => r.Surname == "Skywalker").ToListAsync();

Queries

The database class exposes all the implemented LINQ methods like Where and OrderBy, those methods returns an IQueryable.

LINQ are supported natively to the following is possible:

var skywalkers =
    from r in context.Rebels
    where r.Surname == "Skywalker"
    select r;

Selector

The selector is created when the method Where (IQueryable) is called. If the Where method is not called in the expression, it will at an empty selector.

Combinations

Mango	C#
$and	&&
$or	||
$not	!
$nor	!( || )
$all	a.Contains(x)
$all	a.Contains(list)
$elemMatch	a.Any(condition)
$allMatch	a.All(condition)

Conditions

Mango	C#
$lt	<
$lte	<=
$eq (implicit)	==
$ne	!=
$gte	>=
$gt	>
$exists	o.FieldExists(s)
$type	o.IsCouchType(...)
$in	o.In(list)
$nin	!o.In(list)
$size	a.Count == x
$mod	n % x = y
$regex	s.IsMatch(rx)

Native methods

Mango	C#
limit	Take(n)
skip	Skip(n)
sort	OrderBy(..)
sort	OrderBy(..).ThenBy()
sort	OrderByDescending(..)
sort	OrderByDescending(..).ThenByDescending()
fields	Select(x => x.Prop1, x => x.Prop2)
fields	Convert<SourceType, SimplerType>()
use_index	UseIndex("design_document")
use_index	UseIndex(new [] { "design_document", "index_name" })
r	WithReadQuorum(n)
bookmark	UseBookmark(s)
update	WithoutIndexUpdate()
stable	FromStable()
execution_stats	IncludeExecutionStats()
conflicts	IncludeConflicts()

Composite methods

Some methods that are not directly supported by CouchDB are converted to a composition of supported ones!

Input	Output
Min(d => d.Property)	OrderBy(d => d.Property).Take(1).Select(d => d.Property).Min()
Max(d => d.Property)	OrderByDescending(d => d.Property).Take(1).Select(d => d.Property).Max()
Sum(d => d.Property)	Select(d => d.Property).Sum()
Average(d => d.Property)	Select(d => d.Property).Average()
Any()	Take(1).Any()
Any(d => condition)	Where(d => condition).Take(1).Any()
All(d => condition)	Where(d => !condition).Take(1).Any()
Single()	Take(2).Single()
SingleOrDefault()	Take(2).SingleOrDefault()
Single(d => condition)	Where(d => condition).Take(2).Single()
SingleOrDefault(d => condition)	Where(d => condition).Take(2).SingleOrDefault()
First()	Take(1).First()
FirstOrDefault()	Take(1).FirstOrDefault()
First(d => condition)	Where(d => condition).Take(1).First()
FirstOrDefault(d => condition)	Where(d => condition).Take(1).FirstOrDefault()
Last()	Where(d => Last()
LastOrDefault()	LastOrDefault()
Last(d => condition)	Where(d => condition).Last()
LastOrDefault(d => condition)	Where(d => condition).LastOrDefault()

INFO: Also Select(d => d.Property), Min and Max are supported.

WARN: Since Max and Min use sort, an index must be created.

All other IQueryables methods

Since v2.0 IQueryable methods that are not natively supported will throw an exception.

Client operations

// CRUD from class name (rebels)
var rebels = client.GetDatabase<Rebel>();
var rebels = await client.GetOrCreateDatabaseAsync<Rebel>();
var rebels = await client.CreateDatabaseAsync<Rebel>();
await client.DeleteDatabaseAsync<Rebel>();
// CRUD specific name
var rebels = client.GetDatabase<Rebel>("naboo_rebels");
var rebels = client.GetOrCreateDatabaseAsync<Rebel>("naboo_rebels");
var rebels = await client.CreateDatabaseAsync<Rebel>("naboo_rebels");
await client.DeleteDatabaseAsync("naboo_rebels");
// Utils
var isRunning = await client.IsUpAsync();
var databases = await client.GetDatabasesNamesAsync();
var tasks = await client.GetActiveTasksAsync();

Database operations

// CRUD
await rebels.AddAsync(rebel);
await rebels.AddOrUpdateAsync(rebel);
await rebels.RemoveAsync(rebel);
var rebel = await rebels.FindAsync(id);
var rebel = await rebels.FindAsync(id, withConflicts: true);
var list = await rebels.FindManyAsync(ids);
var list = await rebels.QueryAsync(someMangoJson);
var list = await rebels.QueryAsync(someMangoObject);
// Bulk
await rebels.AddOrUpdateRangeAsync(moreRebels);
await rebels.DeleteRangeAsync(ids);
await rebels.DeleteRangeAsync(moreRebels);
// Utils
await rebels.CompactAsync();
var info = await rebels.GetInfoAsync();
// Security
await rebels.Security.SetInfoAsync(securityInfo);
var securityInfo = await rebels.Security.GetInfoAsync();

Authentication

// Basic
.UseBasicAuthentication("root", "relax")

// Cookie
.UseCookieAuthentication("root", "relax")
.UseCookieAuthentication("root", "relax", cookieDuration)

// Proxy
.UseProxyAuthentication("root", new[] { "role1", "role2" })

// JTW
.UseJwtAuthentication("token")
.UseJwtAuthentication(async () => await NewTokenAsync())

Options

The second parameter of the client constructor is a function to configure CouchSettings fluently.

public class MyDeathStarContext : CouchContext
{
  /* ... */

    protected override void OnConfiguring(CouchOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
    {
      optionsBuilder
        .UseBasicAuthentication("root", "relax")
        .DisableEntitisPluralization()
        ...
    }
}

// or

var client = new CouchClient("http://localhost:5984", builder => builder
    .UseBasicAuthentication("root", "relax")
    .DisableEntitisPluralization()
    ...
)

Method	Description
UseBasicAuthentication	Enables basic authentication.
UseCookieAuthentication	Enables cookie authentication.
IgnoreCertificateValidation	Removes any SSL certificate validation.
ConfigureCertificateValidation	Sets a custom SSL validation rule.
DisableDocumentPluralization	Disables documents pluralization in requests.
SetDocumentCase	Sets the format case for documents.
SetPropertyCase	Sets the format case for properties.
SetNullValueHandling	Sets how to handle null values.
DisableLogOutOnDispose	Disables log out on client dispose.

• DocumentCaseTypes: None, UnderscoreCase (default), DashCase, KebabCase.
• PropertyCaseTypes: None, CamelCase (default), PascalCase, UnderscoreCase, DashCase, KebabCase.

Custom JSON values

If you need custom values for documents and properties, it's possible to use JsonObject and JsonProperty attributes.

[JsonObject("custom-rebels")]
public class OtherRebel : Rebel

[JsonProperty("rebel_bith_date")]
public DateTime BirthDate { get; set; }

Attachments

The driver fully support attachments, you can list, create, delete and download them.

// Get a document
var luke = new Rebel { Name = "Luke", Age = 19 };

// Add in memory
var pathToDocument = @".\luke.txt"
luke.Attachments.AddOrUpdate(pathToDocument, MediaTypeNames.Text.Plain);

// Delete in memory
luke.Attachments.Delete("yoda.txt");

// Save
luke = await rebels.CreateOrUpdateAsync(luke);

// Get
CouchAttachment lukeTxt = luke.Attachments["luke.txt"];

// Iterate
foreach (CouchAttachment attachment in luke.Attachments)
{ 
  ...
}

// Download
string downloadFilePath = await rebels.DownloadAttachment(attachment, downloadFolderPath, "luke-downloaded.txt");
//or
Stream responseStream = await rebels.DownloadAttachmentAsStreamAsync(attachment);

Revisions

The options for FindAsync(..) and AddOrUpdateAsync(..) support passing revision:

await _rebels.FindAsync("1", new FindOptions { Rev = "1-xxx" });
await _rebels.AddOrUpdateAsync(r, new AddOrUpdateOptions { Rev = "1-xxx" });

For attachements revisions are supported by CouchAttachment class which is passing DocumentRev to DownloadAttachmentAsync(..) and DownloadAttachmentAsStreamAsync(..).

DB Changes Feed

The following feed modes are supported: normal, longpool and continuous. Also all options and filter types are supported.

Continuous mode is probably the most useful and it's implemented with the new IAsyncEnumerable.

var tokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
await foreach (var change in _rebels.GetContinuousChangesAsync(options: null, filter: null, tokenSource.Token))
{
    if (/* ... */) {
      tokenSource.Cancel();
    }
}

Feed Options

// Example
var options = new ChangesFeedOptions
{
  Descending = true,
  Limit = 10,
  Since = "now",
  IncludeDocs = true
};
ChangesFeedResponse<Rebel> changes = await GetChangesAsync(options);

Feed Filter

// _doc_ids
var filter = ChangesFeedFilter.DocumentIds(new[] { "luke", "leia" });
// _selector
var filter = ChangesFeedFilter.Selector<Rebel>(rebel => rebel.Age == 19);
// _design
var filter = ChangesFeedFilter.Design();
// _view
var filter = ChangesFeedFilter.View(view);

// Use
ChangesFeedResponse<Rebel> changes = await GetChangesAsync(options: null, filter);

Indexing

It is possible to create indexes to use when querying.

// Basic index creation
await _rebels.CreateIndexAsync("rebels_index", b => b
    .IndexBy(r => r.Surname))
    .ThenBy(r => r.Name));

// Descending index creation
await _rebels.CreateIndexAsync("rebels_index", b => b
    .IndexByDescending(r => r.Surname))
    .ThenByDescending(r => r.Name));

Index Options

// Specifies the design document and/or whether a JSON index is partitioned or global
await _rebels.CreateIndexAsync("rebels_index", b => b
    .IndexBy(r => r.Surname),
    new IndexOptions()
    {
        DesignDocument = "surnames_ddoc",
        Partitioned = true
    });

Partial Indexes

// Create an index which excludes documents at index time
await _rebels.CreateIndexAsync("skywalkers_index", b => b
    .IndexBy(r => r.Name)
    .Where(r => r.Surname == "Skywalker");

Indexes operations

// Get the list of indexes
var indexes = await _rebels.GetIndexesAsync();

// Delete an indexes
await _rebels.DeleteIndexAsync(indexes[0]);
// or
await _rebels.DeleteIndexAsync("surnames_ddoc", name: "surnames");

CouchContext Index Configuration

Finally it's possible to configure indexes on the CouchContext.

public class MyDeathStarContext : CouchContext
{
    public CouchDatabase<Rebel> Rebels { get; set; }

    // OnConfiguring(CouchOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder) { ... }

    protected override void OnDatabaseCreating(CouchDatabaseBuilder databaseBuilder)
    {
        databaseBuilder.Document<Rebel>()
            .HasIndex("rebel_surnames_index", b => b.IndexBy(b => b.Surname));
    }
}

Database Splitting

It is possible to use the same database for multiple types:

public class MyDeathStarContext : CouchContext
{
    public CouchDatabase<Rebel> Rebels { get; set; }
    public CouchDatabase<Vehicle> Vehicles { get; set; }

    // OnConfiguring(CouchOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder) { ... }

    protected override void OnDatabaseCreating(CouchDatabaseBuilder databaseBuilder)
    {
        databaseBuilder.Document<Rebel>().ToDatabase("troops");
        databaseBuilder.Document<Vehicle>().ToDatabase("troops");
    }
}

When multiple CouchDatabase point to the same database, a split_discriminator field is added on document creation.

When querying, a filter by split_discriminator is added automatically.

The field name can be overriden with the WithDatabaseSplitDiscriminator.

If you are not using CouchContext, you can still use the database split feature:

var rebels = client.GetDatabase<Rebel>("troops", nameof(Rebel));
var vehicles = client.GetDatabase<Vehicle>("troops", nameof(Vehicle));

Views

It's possible to query a view with the following:

var options = new CouchViewOptions<string[]>
{
    StartKey = new[] {"Luke", "Skywalker"},
    IncludeDocs = true
};
var viewRows = await _rebels.GetViewAsync<string[], RebelView>("jedi", "by_name", options);
// OR
var details = await _rebels.GetDetailedViewAsync<int, BattleView>("battle", "by_name", options);

You can also query a view with multiple options to get multiple results:

var lukeOptions = new CouchViewOptions<string[]>
{
    Key = new[] {"Luke", "Skywalker"},
    IncludeDocs = true
};
var yodaOptions = new CouchViewOptions<string[]>
{
    Key = new[] {"Yoda"},
    IncludeDocs = true
};
var queries = new[]
{
    lukeOptions,
    yodaOptions
};

var results = await _rebels.GetViewQueryAsync<string[], RebelView>("jedi", "by_name", queries);
var lukeRows = results[0];
var yodaRows = results[1];
// OR
var details = await _rebels.GetDetailedViewQueryAsync<string[], RebelView>("jedi", "by_name", queries);
var lukeDetails = details[0];
var yodaDetails = details[1];

Local (non-replicating) Documents

The Local (non-replicating) document interface allows you to create local documents that are not replicated to other databases.

var docId = "settings";
var settings = new RebelSettings
{
    Id = docId,
    IsActive = true
};

// Create
await _rebels.LocalDocuments.CreateOrUpdateAsync(settings);

// Get by ID
settings = await _rebels.LocalDocuments.GetAsync<RebelSettings>(docId);

// Get all
var docs = await local.GetAsync();

// Search
var searchOpt = new LocalDocumentsOptions
{
    Descending = true,
    Limit = 10,
    Conflicts = true
};
var docs = await local.GetAsync(searchOpt);

Bookmark and Execution stats

If bookmark and execution stats must be retrieved, call ToCouchList or ToCouchListAsync.

var allRebels = await rebels.ToCouchListAsync();

foreach(var r in allRebels) 
{
    ...
}
var b = allRebels.Bookmark;
var ex = allRebels.ExecutionStats; // .IncludeExecutionStats() must be called

Users

The driver natively support the _users database.

var users = client.GetUsersDatabase();
var luke = await users.CreateAsync(new CouchUser(name: "luke", password: "lasersword"));

It's possible to extend CouchUser for store custom info.

var users = client.GetUsersDatabase<CustomUser>();
var luke = await users.CreateAsync(new CustomUser(name: "luke", password: "lasersword"));

To change password:

luke = await users.ChangeUserPassword(luke, "r2d2");

Replication

The driver provides the ability to configure and cancel replication between databases.

if (await client.ReplicateAsync("anakin", "jedi", new CouchReplication() { Continuous = true}))
{
  await client.RemoveReplicationAsync("anakin", "jedi", new CouchReplication() { Continuous = true });
}

It is also possible to specify a selector to apply to the replication

await client.ReplicateAsync("stormtroopers", "deathstar", new CouchReplication() { Continuous = true, Selector = new { designation = "FN-2187" } }));

Credentials can be specified as follows

await client.ReplicateAsync("luke", "jedi", new CouchReplication() { SourceCredentials = new CouchReplicationBasicCredentials()username: "luke", password: "r2d2") }));

Dependency Injection

As always you can leverage all the benefits of Dependency Injection.

Info: The context will be registered as a singleton.

• Create a CouchContext with a constructor like the following:

public class MyDeathStarContext : CouchContext
{
    public CouchDatabase<Rebel> Rebels { get; set; }

    public MyDeathStarContext(CouchOptions<MyDeathStarContext> options)
        : base(options) { }
}

• Register the context via any of supported containers (see appropriate section section below)

• Inject the context:

// RebelsController
public class RebelsController : Controller
{
    private readonly MyDeathStarContext _context;

    public RebelsController(MyDeathStarContext context)
    {
        _context = context;
    }
}

Microsoft container

• Install the DI package from NuGet: https://www.nuget.org/packages/CouchDB.NET.DependencyInjection

• In the Startup class register the context:

// ConfigureServices
services.AddCouchContext<MyDeathStarContext>(builder => builder
    .UseEndpoint("http://localhost:5984")
    .UseBasicAuthentication(username: "admin", password: "admin"));

Autofac container

• Install the DI package from NuGet: https://www.nuget.org/packages/CouchDB.NET.DependencyInjection.Autofac

• In the Startup class register the context:

// ConfigureServices
var containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder();
containerBuilder.AddCouchContext<MyDeathStarContext>(optionsBuilder => optionsBuilder
    .UseEndpoint("http://localhost:5984")
    .UseBasicAuthentication(username: "admin", password: "admin"));

Advanced

If requests have to be modified before each call, it's possible to override OnBeforeCallAsync.

protected virtual Task OnBeforeCallAsync(HttpCall call)

Also, the configurator has ConfigureFlurlClient to set custom HTTP client options.

Contributors

Ben Origas: Features, ideas and tests like SSL custom validation, multi queryable, async deadlock, cookie authentication and many others.

n9: Proxy authentication, some bug fixes, suggestions and the great feedback on the changes feed feature!

Marc: NullValueHandling, bug fixes and suggestions!

Panos: Help with Views and Table splitting.

Benjamin Höglinger-Stelzer, mwasson74, Emre ÇAĞLAR: Attachments improvements and fixes.

Dhiren Sham: Implementing replication.

Dmitriy Larionov: Revisions improvements.