lab1/2

README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# Operating Systems Capstone 2022
+
+## Author
+
+| Student ID | GitHub account name | My name |
+| --- | ----------- | --- |
+|`A111120`| `Chang-Tiger` | `Teng-Wu Chang` |
+
+
+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

lab1/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# debug use CFLAGS='-g' ASMFLAGS='-g'
+
+ARMGNU ?= aarch64-linux-gnu
+
+COPS = $(CFLAGS) -Wall -nostdlib -nostartfiles -ffreestanding -Iinclude #-ggdb  #-D__FS_DEBUG #-D__DEBUG #-D__DEBUG_MM #-D__DEBUG_MM_ALLOC #-D__DEBUG_MM_SCHED
+ASMOPS = $(ASMFLAGS) -Iinclude 
+
+BUILD_DIR = build
+SRC_DIR = src
+
+all : kernel8.img
+
+clean :
+	rm -rf $(BUILD_DIR) *.img 
+
+$(BUILD_DIR)/%_c.o: $(SRC_DIR)/%.c
+	mkdir -p $(@D)
+	$(ARMGNU)-gcc $(COPS) -MMD -c $< -o $@
+
+$(BUILD_DIR)/%_s.o: $(SRC_DIR)/%.S
+	$(ARMGNU)-gcc $(ASMOPS) -MMD -c $< -o $@
+
+C_FILES = $(wildcard $(SRC_DIR)/*.c)
+ASM_FILES = $(wildcard $(SRC_DIR)/*.S)
+OBJ_FILES = $(C_FILES:$(SRC_DIR)/%.c=$(BUILD_DIR)/%_c.o)
+OBJ_FILES += $(ASM_FILES:$(SRC_DIR)/%.S=$(BUILD_DIR)/%_s.o)
+
+DEP_FILES = $(OBJ_FILES:%.o=%.d)
+-include $(DEP_FILES)
+
+kernel8.img: linker.ld $(OBJ_FILES)
+	$(ARMGNU)-ld -g -T linker.ld -o $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel8.elf  $(OBJ_FILES)
+	$(ARMGNU)-objcopy -g $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel8.elf -O binary kernel8.img
+
+run:
+	qemu-system-aarch64 -M raspi3b -kernel kernel8.img -display none -serial null -serial stdio
+
+run_debug:
+	qemu-system-aarch64 -M raspi3b -kernel kernel8.img -display none -serial null -serial stdio -s -S
+
+connect_raspi:
+	sudo screen /dev/ttyUSB0 115200
+

lab1/build/main_c.d

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+build/main_c.o: src/main.c include/uart.h include/mbox.h include/shell.h \
+ include/string.h

lab1/build/mbox_c.d

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+build/mbox_c.o: src/mbox.c include/gpio.h

lab1/build/shell_c.d

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+build/shell_c.o: src/shell.c include/uart.h include/string.h \
+ include/shell.h include/mbox.h include/system.h

lab1/build/start_s.d

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+build/start_s.o: src/start.S

lab1/build/string_c.d

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+build/string_c.o: src/string.c include/string.h

lab1/build/system_c.d

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+build/system_c.o: src/system.c include/system.h include/uart.h \
+ include/mbox.h

lab1/build/uart_c.d

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+build/uart_c.o: src/uart.c include/gpio.h include/uart.h

lab1/include/gpio.h

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#ifndef GPIO_H
+#define GPIO_H
+
+#define MMIO_BASE       0x3F000000
+
+#define GPFSEL0         ((volatile unsigned int*)(MMIO_BASE+0x00200000))
+#define GPFSEL1         ((volatile unsigned int*)(MMIO_BASE+0x00200004))
+#define GPFSEL2         ((volatile unsigned int*)(MMIO_BASE+0x00200008))
+#define GPFSEL3         ((volatile unsigned int*)(MMIO_BASE+0x0020000C))
+#define GPFSEL4         ((volatile unsigned int*)(MMIO_BASE+0x00200010))
+#define GPFSEL5         ((volatile unsigned int*)(MMIO_BASE+0x00200014))
+#define GPSET0          ((volatile unsigned int*)(MMIO_BASE+0x0020001C))
+#define GPSET1          ((volatile unsigned int*)(MMIO_BASE+0x00200020))
+#define GPCLR0          ((volatile unsigned int*)(MMIO_BASE+0x00200028))
+#define GPLEV0          ((volatile unsigned int*)(MMIO_BASE+0x00200034))
+#define GPLEV1          ((volatile unsigned int*)(MMIO_BASE+0x00200038))
+#define GPEDS0          ((volatile unsigned int*)(MMIO_BASE+0x00200040))
+#define GPEDS1          ((volatile unsigned int*)(MMIO_BASE+0x00200044))
+#define GPHEN0          ((volatile unsigned int*)(MMIO_BASE+0x00200064))
+#define GPHEN1          ((volatile unsigned int*)(MMIO_BASE+0x00200068))
+#define GPPUD           ((volatile unsigned int*)(MMIO_BASE+0x00200094))
+#define GPPUDCLK0       ((volatile unsigned int*)(MMIO_BASE+0x00200098))
+#define GPPUDCLK1       ((volatile unsigned int*)(MMIO_BASE+0x0020009C))
+
+#endif

lab1/include/mbox.h

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/* a properly aligned buffer */
+/* use this buffer(global variable) directly and the mbox_call will use it after call*/ 
+/* mbox  format https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/wiki/Mailbox-property-interface */
+/* mbox address need to be aligned to 16 bytes */
+extern volatile unsigned int mbox[36];
+
+#define MBOX_REQUEST    0
+
+/* channels */
+#define MBOX_CH_POWER   0
+#define MBOX_CH_FB      1
+#define MBOX_CH_VUART   2
+#define MBOX_CH_VCHIQ   3
+#define MBOX_CH_LEDS    4
+#define MBOX_CH_BTNS    5
+#define MBOX_CH_TOUCH   6
+#define MBOX_CH_COUNT   7
+#define MBOX_CH_PROP    8
+
+/* tags */
+#define GET_BOARD_REVISION      0x10002
+#define MBOX_TAG_GETSERIAL      0x10004
+#define GET_ARM_MEMORY          0x10005
+#define MBOX_TAG_LAST           0
+
+int mbox_call(unsigned char ch);

lab1/include/shell.h

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#ifndef SHELL_H
+#define SHELL_H
+
+void shell();
+void do_cmd(char* cmd);
+void print_system_messages();
+
+#endif

lab1/include/string.h

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#ifndef STRING_H
+#define STRING_H
+
+int  strcmp     (const char * s1, const char * s2 );
+char* strcat (char *dest, const char *src);
+unsigned long long strlen(const char *str);
+char* strcpy (char *dest, const char *src);
+char* memcpy (void *dest, const void *src, unsigned long long len);
+#endif

lab1/include/system.h

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+int get_board_revision(unsigned int* board_revision);
+int get_arm_memory_info(unsigned int* base_addr,unsigned int* size);
+void set(long addr, unsigned int value);
+void reboot();
+void reset(int tick);
+void cancel_reset();

lab1/include/uart.h

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#ifndef UART_H
+#define UART_H
+
+#define MAX_BUF_SIZE 0x100
+
+void uart_init();
+void uart_putc(char c);
+char uart_getc();
+int uart_puts(char *s);
+char* uart_gets(char *buf);
+int uart_printf(char *s);
+void uart_hex(unsigned int d);
+void disable_uart();
+
+#endif

lab1/linker.ld

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+SECTIONS
+{
+    . = 0x80000;
+    .text : { KEEP(*(.text.boot)) *(.text .text.* .gnu.linkonce.t*) }
+    .rodata : { *(.rodata .rodata.* .gnu.linkonce.r*) }
+    PROVIDE(_data = .);
+    .data : { *(.data .data.* .gnu.linkonce.d*) }
+    .bss (NOLOAD) : {
+        . = ALIGN(16);
+        __bss_start = .;
+        *(.bss .bss.*)
+        *(COMMON)
+        __bss_end = .;
+    }
+    _end = .;
+
+   /DISCARD/ : { *(.comment) *(.gnu*) *(.note*) *(.eh_frame*) }
+}
+__bss_size = (__bss_end - __bss_start)>>3;

lab1/src/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#include "uart.h"
+#include "mbox.h"
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "string.h"
+
+void main()
+{
+    // set up serial console
+    uart_init();
+
+    shell();
+}

lab1/src/mbox.c

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#include "gpio.h"
+
+/* mailbox message buffer */
+volatile unsigned int  __attribute__((aligned(16))) mbox[36];
+
+#define VIDEOCORE_MBOX  (MMIO_BASE+0x0000B880)
+#define MBOX_READ       ((volatile unsigned int*)(VIDEOCORE_MBOX+0x0))
+#define MBOX_POLL       ((volatile unsigned int*)(VIDEOCORE_MBOX+0x10))
+#define MBOX_SENDER     ((volatile unsigned int*)(VIDEOCORE_MBOX+0x14))
+#define MBOX_STATUS     ((volatile unsigned int*)(VIDEOCORE_MBOX+0x18))
+#define MBOX_CONFIG     ((volatile unsigned int*)(VIDEOCORE_MBOX+0x1C))
+#define MBOX_WRITE      ((volatile unsigned int*)(VIDEOCORE_MBOX+0x20))
+#define MBOX_RESPONSE   0x80000000 // mbox[1] = 0x80000000 -> request successful
+#define MBOX_FULL       0x80000000
+#define MBOX_EMPTY      0x40000000
+
+/**
+ * Make a mailbox call. Returns 0 on failure, non-zero on success
+ */
+int mbox_call(unsigned char ch) // Mailbox 0 define several channels, but we only use channel 8 (CPU->GPU) for communication.
+{
+    unsigned int r = (((unsigned int)((unsigned long)&mbox)&~0xF) | (ch&0xF));
+    //wait until we can write to the mailbox
+    do{asm volatile("nop");}while(*MBOX_STATUS & MBOX_FULL);
+    //write the address of our message to the mailbox with channel identifier
+    *MBOX_WRITE = r;
+    //now wait for the response
+    while(1) {
+        //is there a response?wait until empty flag unset
+        do{asm volatile("nop");}while(*MBOX_STATUS & MBOX_EMPTY);
+        //is it a response to our message?
+        if(r == *MBOX_READ)
+            //is it a valid successful response?
+            return mbox[1]==MBOX_RESPONSE;  
+    }
+    return 0;
+}

lab1/src/shell.c

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#include "uart.h"
+#include "string.h"
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "mbox.h"
+#include "system.h"
+
+void shell()
+{
+    char cmd[MAX_BUF_SIZE];
+    print_system_messages();
+    while(1)
+    {
+        uart_printf("# ");
+        uart_gets(cmd);
+        do_cmd(cmd);
+    }
+}
+
+void do_cmd(char* cmd)
+{
+    if(strcmp(cmd,"help")==0)
+    {
+        uart_puts("help       : print this help menu");
+        uart_puts("hello      : print Hello World!");
+        uart_puts("reboot     : reboot the device");
+    }
+    else if((strcmp(cmd,"hello")==0))
+    {
+        uart_puts("Hello World!");
+    }
+    else if((strcmp(cmd,"reboot")==0))
+    {
+        reboot();
+    }else
+    {
+        uart_puts("Unknown command! again");
+    }
+}
+
+void print_system_messages()
+{
+    unsigned int board_revision;
+    get_board_revision(&board_revision);
+    uart_printf("Board revision is : 0x");
+    uart_hex(board_revision);
+    uart_puts("");
+
+    unsigned int arm_mem_base_addr;
+    unsigned int arm_mem_size;
+
+    get_arm_memory_info(&arm_mem_base_addr,&arm_mem_size);
+    uart_printf("ARM memory base address in bytes : 0x");
+    uart_hex(arm_mem_base_addr);
+    uart_puts("");
+    uart_printf("ARM memory size in bytes : 0x");
+    uart_hex(arm_mem_size);
+    uart_puts("");
+}

lab1/src/start.S

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+.section ".text.boot"
+
+.globl _start
+_start:
+    mrs     x1, mpidr_el1
+    and     x1, x1, #3
+    cbz     x1, 2f
+1:  wfe
+    b       1b
+2:  // cpu id == 0
+    // set top of stack just before our code (stack grows to a lower address per AAPCS64)
+    ldr     x1, =_start
+    mov     sp, x1
+
+    // clear bss
+    ldr     x1, =__bss_start
+    ldr     w2, =__bss_size
+3:  cbz     w2, 4f
+    str     xzr, [x1], #8
+    sub     w2, w2, #1
+    cbnz    w2, 3b
+
+    // jump to C code, should not return
+4:  bl      main
+    // for failsafe, halt this core too
+    b       1b

lab1/src/string.c

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#include "string.h"
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+int strcmp (const char *p1, const char *p2)
+{
+  const unsigned char *s1 = (const unsigned char *) p1;
+  const unsigned char *s2 = (const unsigned char *) p2;
+  unsigned char c1, c2;
+  do
+    {
+      c1 = (unsigned char) *s1++;
+      c2 = (unsigned char) *s2++;
+      if (c1 == '\0')
+        return c1 - c2;
+    }
+  while (c1 == c2);
+  return c1 - c2;
+}
+
+char* strcat (char *dest, const char *src)
+{
+  strcpy (dest + strlen (dest), src);
+  return dest;
+}
+
+char* strcpy (char *dest, const char *src)
+{
+  return memcpy (dest, src, strlen (src) + 1);
+}
+
+unsigned long long strlen(const char *str)
+{
+  size_t count = 0;
+  while((unsigned char)*str++)count++;
+  return count;
+}
+
+char* memcpy (void *dest, const void *src, unsigned long long len)
+{
+  char *d = dest;
+  const char *s = src;
+  while (len--)
+    *d++ = *s++;
+  return dest;
+}