Update MySQL and PostgreSQL versions tested on the CI

[Torch3333]

Description

This updates the versions of the CI-tested MySQL and PostgreSQL versions to:

MySQL versions	Current	New
5.7	X	X
8.0	X	X
8.1	X
8.4		X

PosgreSQL versions	Current	New
12	X
13	X	X
14	X	X
15	X	X
16		X
17		X

Related issues and/or PRs

N/A

Changes made

Update the tested versions of MySQL and PosgreSQL on the CI

Checklist

The following is a best-effort checklist. If any items in this checklist are not applicable to this PR or are dependent on other, unmerged PRs, please still mark the checkboxes after you have read and understood each item.

• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas.
• I have updated the documentation to reflect the changes.
• Any remaining open issues linked to this PR are documented and up-to-date (Jira, GitHub, etc.).
• Tests (unit, integration, etc.) have been added for the changes.
• My changes generate no new warnings.
• Any dependent changes in other PRs have been merged and published.

Additional notes (optional)

Release notes

ScalarDB now supports MySQL 8.4, 8.0; PostgreSQL 17, 16, 15, 14, and 13; Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL 16, 15, 14, and 13; Amazon Aurora MySQL 3, and 2.

[brfrn169]

LGTM! Thank you!

[komamitsu]

LGTM, thank you!

[feeblefakie]

LGTM! Thank you!