Fix the problem that ttl manager may be unset unexpectedly when LockKeys is called multiple times in a single fair locking stage (#1903)

[ti-chi-bot]

This is an automated cherry-pick of #1903

Ref: pingcap/tidb#66571

Summary by CodeRabbit

• Tests
  • Added comprehensive test coverage for aggressive locking behavior across multiple lock operations, including retry scenarios and TTL management verification.
  • Enhanced test utilities to inspect aggressive locking state and context during transaction operations.

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[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2026-03-13 08:01:06.964743734 +0000 UTC m=+596298.476801395: ☑️ agreed by ekexium.

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[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: ekexium

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